The functional biogeography of species: Biogeographical species roles of birds in Wallacea and the West Indies

Biogeographical systems can be analyzed as networks of species and geographical units. Within such a biogeographical network, individual species may differ fundamentally in their linkage pattern, and therefore hold different topological roles. To advance our understanding of the relationship between species traits and large-scale species distribution patterns in archipelagos, we use a network approach to classify birds as one of four biogeographical species roles: peripherals, connectors, module hubs, and network hubs. These roles are based upon the position of species within the modular network of islands and species in Wallacea and the West Indies. We test whether species traits - including habitat requirements, altitudinal range-span, feeding guild, trophic level, and body length - correlate with species roles. In both archipelagos, habitat requirements, altitudinal range-span and body length show strong relations to species roles. In particular, species that occupy coastal- and open habitats, as well as habitat generalists, show higher proportions of connectors and network hubs and thus tend to span several biogeographical modules (i.e. subregions). Likewise, large body size and a wide altitudinal range-span are related to a wide distribution on many islands and across several biogeographical modules. On the other hand, species restricted to interior forest are mainly characterized as peripherals and, thus, have narrow and localized distributions within biogeographical modules rather than across the archipelago-wide network. These results suggest that the ecological amplitude of a species is highly related to its geographical distribution within and across bio geographical subregions and furthermore supports the idea that large-scale species distributions relate to distributions at the local community level. We finally discuss how our biogeographical species roles may correspond to the stages of the taxon cycle and other prominent theories of species assembly. © 2013 The Authors.

Aplicaciones de los metodos para estimar la cabalidad de los registros a partir de la distribucion por edades de las muertes: a).de William Brass; b).de Samuel Preston; resumen del estudio

A la informacion sobre la distribucion por edades en las muertes registradas a partir de la edad de 5 anos en Chile, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama y Peru, se aplican los dos metodos propuestos para evaluar la cabalidad de los registros de defunciones. Los resultados obtenidos de aplicar estos metodos se presentan en graficos y cuadros, con aplicaciones hechas en los 5 paises

Bolivia: estimacion de la mortalidad a partir de la distribucion por edades de las muertes, 1951. Metodo de William Brass

Incluye Bibliografía

Costa Rica: estimacion de la mortalidad masculina adulta a partir de la orfandad de padre por medio de tecnicas de William Brass

Incluye Bibliografía

Determinacion de la mortalidad por medio de las tecnicas de William Brass, con especial referencia al sistema logito

Incluye Bibliografía

Peru: comprobacion del metodo de William Brass sobre la estimacion del nivel de la mortalidad en 1940, a partir de la proporcion: hijos sobrevivientes

Incluye Bibliografía

Dissolução e aleatoriedade: a estética do romance na obra Almoço nu de William S. Burroughs. -

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aplicaciones de los métodos para estimar la cabalidad de los registros a partir de la distribución por edades de las muertes: a) de William Brass, b) de Samuel Preston; resumen

Documento de trabajo para el Panel de América Latina, Santiago, 16-20 julio 1979

Sir William Thomsom e a instalação do cabo telegráfico submarino entre Pernambuco e o Pará

Neste artigo tratamos da participação de Sir William Thomson na instalação do cabo telegráfico submarino entre Pernambuco e o Pará realizada pela Western and Brazilian Telegraph Company nos meses de agosto e setembro de 1873.

Milton a poem in 2 books: influência e afluência na linguagem poético-visual de William Blake

Sob a influência de seu predecessor mais forte, John Milton, o poeta, pintor e gravurista William Blake reage a essa influência incorporando-a dinamicamente à sua poesia. Porém, a reação à influência poética é mais abrangente que a incorporação do Paradise Lost, de John Milton, ao seu poema Milton: a Poem in Two Books e conduz o autor a criar uma linguagem poética na qual as referências extratextuais verbais e visuais são transferidas, por meio de metalinguagem, para o interior do próprio poema. Sem referências claras para ajudá-lo, o leitor é induzido a criar suas referências subjetivas e dar sentido ao texto, transformando-se, assim, de leitor passivo, em leitor/criador ativo. Palavras-chave: William Blake; iluminuras; John Milton; influência; reação; sistema verbal/visual.

A insurreição contestada: William Styron e As confissões de Nat Turner

This work presents intricacies of "truth" in the historical novel Confessions of Nat Turner, by William Styron, considering the point-of-view of the novel's narrator. When speaking about the black, Styron somehow keeps the white's perspective, and also perpetuates the distance created by the slavery and segregationist system of the United States of America.

A revisão do complexo de William Wilson em O médico e o monstro, de Robert Louis Stevenson

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

William Boyce White, Jr. Papers - Accession 1488

The William Boyce White, Jr. Papers consists of his genealogical research as well as his research related to the history of York County and Rock Hill, SC. The papers also include records and manuscripts relating to several of his published works. Mr. White is a Rock Hill native and taught at the Winthrop Training School (WTS) from 1958-1965 and taught at Rock Hill High School following the closing of the high school portion of the WTS. He also taught in Clover before coming to Winthrop. He was the organist at First Presbyterian Church in Rock Hill from 1945 until he moved to Virginia. His interest in local history covers the Rock Hill train depot (included in the collection is a tintype of the original depot ca. 1860s), Colonel William Hill, the Catawba River, Catawba Indians, Rock Hill and York County schools, historic homes (includes several photographs, many of which were used by Elizabeth Reed in her long running series on historic homes in Rock HillEvening Herald), local churches, as well as Rock Hill, Fort Mill, Blackstocks, and York County in general. Of special interest is a copy of the Indian Land Chronicle dated January 21, 1859. Only three copies of the Chronicle are known to exist in the state of South Carolina. The genealogical research conducted by Mr. White covers many of the prominent names of York County and of South Carolina in general. Below is a list of the prominent family names covered in Mr. White’s research: Anderson; Bankhead; Barringer; Bell; Black; Button; Campbell; Carpenter; Coffey; Cowan; Crawford; Culp; Davis; Fennell; Fewell; Graham; Hanna; Hayes; Hill; Hutchison; Irwin/ Erwin; Johnson; Lee; Martin; Massey; McClain; McConnell; McCullough; McFadden; Miller; Mobley; Morrow; Neely; Neil; Patton; Pettus; Plexico/Plaxco; Rives; Robinson; Roddey; Setzer; Stephenson; Strait; Sturgis; Sutton; Templeton; Waggoner; Wallace; Wherry; White; Williams; Williamson; Workman; Wylie.

William Douglas Beer - Accession 290 - M123 (156)

The William Douglas Beer Journals collection consists of photocopied journals which are accounts of Mr. Beer’s preparation for and participation in World War I. The journal gives an account of the hardships of war and its effects on American soldiers. Willie Beer was born in Columbia, Missouri on September 20, 1891 and died on February 4, 1950.