Licenciamento ambiental: diretrizes legais e procedimentos técnicos aplicáveis no Estado de São Paulo

The challenge of coexistence in a socio-economic development with the recuperation and maintenance of environmental quality drove the control instruments implementation and planning of capable activities to cause the environment degradation which detaches the environmental license. However, the expressive number of applicable norms and the fragmented form whose are formulated injure its comprehension and its application. Therefore, the objectives of this present work was raise and discuss in a systematic and integrated form the main lawful directives and its co accounts technical procedures to the environmental license in the State of São Paulo.

Desafios da comunicação na gestão da sustentabilidade ambiental das organizações contemporâneas

The present production aims to approach environmental sustainability and communication to demonstrate that the public relations´s professional is capable of legitimation process´s assistance of ethics and coherent speechs and capable of sense´s construction´s assistance for environmental sustainability on contemporary organizations. This position shows that organization´s consistent speechs are connected with its institutional mission and effort besides, it is value and sensitive to interested parts that emphasis the environmental preservation and environmental project´s introduction, integrating organization with community. On this context it is constructed a discussion about Sustainability Report´s content and guidelines used for sustainability reporting framework, as where as main environmental organizational activities, analyzing three different companies and its respective Sustainability Reports on 2009. Thereby, it is pointed out relevance of efficient communication which deal with opposite interests between organizations and its stakeholders so that public relations focus on strategic management trying to include negotiation, dialogue, transparency and ethics to line up both interests

Diagnóstico ambiental no período frio e seco do Córrego Bandeirantes, município de Rio Claro, SP: parâmetros físicos, químicos e físico-químicos

The present study was concerned with checking the water quality, the recovery of the riparian vegetation and vegetation around the springhead of stream Bandeirantes, such as the inadequate disposal of waste along this stream, which is located in Rio Claro, SP, in the period from March to July of 2010. Aiming to propose mitigation measures to reverse the degradation processes and develop activities to help a better awareness of the population directly related to this water resource. The water quality was analyzed by performing monthly sampling in three different points along the stream. The first point of sampling is in the spring of the stream, the second at the region called estradão and the third near its mouth, when it flows into the Ribeirão Claro, a tributary of the right bank of the Corumbataí river. It was calculated from the Water Quality Index (WQI) developed by Cetesb. The results were compared with current law. The riparian vegetation, which is responsible for the protection of rivers and streams, was observed and examined during the field work. The results indicated the stream as class 2 and the WQI has been classified, in the most of the analysis, such as a water of good quality. However, some parameters showed a worrying situation and highlighted the current situation, with waste deposits, furniture and animal waste into the pit of the stream studied

Fluxo institucional de resíduos de equipamentos elétricos e eletrônicos e identificação de seus potenciais impactos ambientais e na saúde

A preocupação ambiental em relação aos resíduos de equipamentos elétricos e eletrônicos (REEE) vem crescendo muito nos últimos anos devido à presença de substâncias perigosas que podem causar danos ao ambiente e à saúde. O trabalho teve por objetivo investigar o destino de REEE gerados no Campus Quadrilátero da Saúde/Direito (CQS/D) da Universidade de São Paulo (Faculdade de Medicina, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Escola de Enfermagem, Instituto de Medicina Tropical e Faculdade de Direito), a partir do momento em que os mesmos deixam as dependências da Instituição e identificar potenciais riscos à saúde e ao ambiente, decorrentes das atuais ações de gerenciamento dos REEE nas unidades estudadas. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se em 3 etapas: a) pesquisa bibliográfica e documental; b) visitas às unidades que compõem o CQS/D, e identificação de cinco intituições filantrópicas como principais destinos; c) visitas aos locais identificados para investigar as atividades desenvolvidas para a recuperação de equipamentos, componentes ou materiais recicláveis, com base em um formulário desenvolvido. Adicionalmente, foram realizadas visitas a outros quatro locais de destino de REEE. Foi identificado que as etapas realizadas nas instituições são: recebimento, teste, conserto e desmontagem manual e que o destino dos REEE pode ser considerado problemático, já que os rejeitos acabam sendo descartados como resíduo comum, podendo causar danos ao ambiente e à saúde. Além disso há riscos ocupacionais, pois os trabalhadores, além de não utilizarem equipamentos de proteção individual necessários, nem sempre recebem capacitação para exercer suas funções

Cartografia temática do atlas de sensibilidade ambiental a derramamentos de óleo do litoral paulista

The objective of this paper is the elaboration and implementation of procedures in a cartographic representation related by fundamental of thematic cartography and graphic semiology for the standardization of the Environmental Oil Spill Sensitivity Maps supported by a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for handling and modeling of a large number of variables. These make up the Environmental Sensitivity Atlas to Oil Spills in Coastal Paulista, and that represents the phenomena that occur in geographic space accurately so as to highlight the importance of each element in the evaluation and protection of areas of greater sensitivity oil. The composition of the cartographic documents considers the Littoral Sensitivity Index (LSI), biological resources and the resources for human use that could be negatively impacted. Thus, the information contained in each map was carefully evaluated before implementation, so that the cartographic representations of various resources, environments, and other ISLs, the reader should issue an immediate message that could be understood clearly, without requiring prior knowledge of specialized. Another aspect was the distribution harmoniously all the elements contained in the document, so that information could be enough without overwhelming it. It was also taken a certain care, so each symbol could be used properly in order that there is no conflict in the information.

Exposição ambiental ao chumbo: um problema de áreas contaminadas próximas a fábricas de baterias

The concentration of metal pollutants such as lead (Pb), has grown and developed in populated areas due to pollution and other human activities. Consequently, the potential for achieve this element food chain has also increased. Lead is very toxic to humans, especially to children, and exposure to lead can cause adverse health effects mainly on human nervous system, bone marrow and kidneys, interfering with chromosomal or genetic processes. This paper presents an overview of the main aspects related to environmental contamination by lead from battery plants. The assessment of an area contaminated by lead in Bauru-SP next a battery factory was reported in this work as well as the entire history of monitoring, classification and application of processes applied by CETESB since 2002. Analyzing the issue in its economic aspects, we found that the degradation of the environment is directly related to the development model adopted by the capitalist system, which is based on the law of supply and demand for products and services. The data presented indicate that Brazil still needs a broader policy where government agencies, industries and population through awareness can be united for the same purpose: to preserve life

Proposta de sistemática operacional para implantação de sistemas de gestão ambiental em empreendimentos industriais

The implantation of environmental management systens (SGA) in companies is the first step to the company conquers the environmental certification and consequently the benefits of a sustainable production of products, services and activities can bring. However, in the way as they are proposals in bibliographies the implantation of the SGAs, does not identify the definition of the operational stages of implementation of the same ones, generating doubts on the real environmental and administrative performance that they can come to generate for the organization. In this direction, the present research brings a proposal of operational systematics for implantation of SGA in companies, detailing each stage of implantation, considering its particularitities. For in such a way, a revision of norm NBR ISO 14001:2004 was made, looking for to identify to the interpretation imperfections gifts in the normative system. Moreover, other methods of SGA implantation had been searched gifts in the bibliography, searching proposals that detailed the operational aspects of the implantation of the system. In the same way, the accomplishment of a period of training supervised in the first semester of 2007 made possible the practical experience of the functioning of a system of environmental management, beyond the contact with professionals of the area and the acquisition of documents that had helped in the development of the research. The result was the attainment of a detailed procedure more, defining the operational systematic of SGA implantation, beyond the generation of a flowchart, describing as to develop each stage. This detailing certainly will facilitate the implantation of a SGA in companies interested in improving its environmental performance.

Justiça ambiental e distribuição de áreas verdes na cidade de Rio Claro-SP

Se é inegável que as questões do meio ambiente atraem uma atenção cada vez maior nos dias de hoje, falta ainda reconhecer a centralidade dos princípios de justiça ambiental para a proteção ecológica, a atividade econômica ou mesmo o futuro da democracia brasileira. Por Justiça Ambiental entenda-se o conjunto de princípios que asseguram que nenhum grupo de pessoas, sejam grupos étnicos, raciais ou de classe, suporte uma parcela desproporcional das conseqüências ambientais negativas de operações econômicas, de políticas e programas federais, estaduais e locais, bem como resultantes da ausência ou omissão de tais políticas. Dito de outra forma, trata-se da espacialização da justiça distributiva, uma vez que diz respeito à distribuição do meio ambiente para os seres humanos. Complementarmente, entende-se por Injustiça Ambiental o mecanismo pelo qual sociedades desiguais destinam a maior carga dos danos ambientais do desenvolvimento a grupos sociais de trabalhadores, populações de baixa renda, grupos raciais discriminados, populações marginalizadas e mais vulneráveis. A qualidade do meio ambiente no qual vivemos influi consideravelmente na própria qualidade de vida. A presença de áreas verdes no universo urbano é um fator essencial no resgate dos aspectos positivos da relação das formas urbanas com a natureza, e a distribuição e a distância entre elas influi diretamente sobre as suas funções econômica, estética, social e ecológica, constituindo-se como indicador relevante para a qualidade de vida. Com isso o trabalho buscou identificar a relação entre a distribuição espacial das áreas verdes em Rio Claro e o perfil socioeconômico das populações adjacentes. A partir do levantamento das áreas verdes urbanas e do índice paulista de vulnerabilidade social para o município de Rio Claro (IPVS), foram calculados os índices de áreas verdes para as regiões de diferente vulnerabilidade socioeconômica

Programas de educação ambiental de empresas privadas: concepções que sustentam algumas propostas

This study is supposed to identify the Environmental Education of the State of São Paulo that offers Environmental Education programs based on companies proposals. It was carried out a survey of private companies proposals for Environmental Education to schools from Rio Claro city. An analysis of the documents found on their programmes was done, through knowledge, participation and values, whereas the prospect of an Environmental Education toward the construction of citizenship. A trend was identified in materials of submitting an Environmental Education based on knowledge and actions involving changes claim based on antropocentric values and day by day concepts. Many of these proposals are restricted to important days and ⁄ or specific activities, that are taken in an certain way.

Avaliação do desempenho ambiental da produção canavieira com colheita mecanizada: contribuição à implantação de um sistema simplificado de gestão ambiental da propriedade

The consuming of the natural resources in the agricultural sector does not represent only one external factor of the productive process, but also it implies in a bigger cost for the production, justified for this environmental degradation. In view of the necessity of evaluating the sustainment of the agricultural businesses, the use of performance indicators if makes of extreme importance. The measurement of the support through environmentalindicators is one of the most accepted forms of performing the evaluation of one given agricultural activity. In this context, the Base System for Eco-certification of Agricultural Businesses (Eco-cert Rural) developed by the Embrapa Environment at Jaguariúna/SP, has for purpose to present a method of evaluation of the agricultural businesses, not only of the point of view of the ecological performance, as well as considering the social, economic and organizational aspects. Through the analysis of the performance of the activity and the regularization of the disconformities found, it makes possible the eco-certification of the activities in the varied existing protocols, offering technologies designed to the sustainable development of the agricultural businesses. Using Eco-cert.Rural, this work evaluated the contribution of the use of mechanized harvest in sugar cane handling, front to the traditional system of manual harvest, using the fire. In the Sugar Cane Activity General Performance Index, Agrícola Rio Claro scored 2,08 of a maximum of 15. Amongst all the indicators, those wich reached performance worse had been related to the Use of Energy and the Income, by increasing fossil fuel consumptiom, and implying income concentration due to resignations of rural workers. However, the improvements on the environment quality by supressing manual harvest through fire are very significant. Beyond the great reduction in...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Análise ambiental em um canteiro de obras

The building sector can cause the environmental degradation, by the natural resources consumption, machinery use and natural landscape modifying. The environmental management system (EMS) improves the environmental quality and makes the companies more competitive. So, this work developed an environmental management system in a building site focused on the solid waste and in the development of mitigation proposals for the most significant environmental impacts. To develop this work it was necessary to follow the building site activities; evaluate the solid waste management; identify the law requirements; identify the environmental aspects and impacts; evaluate the environmental impacts; and propose alternatives for mitigating the adverse environmental critical impacts. The main proposals are the reduction of the waste generation in the place that it’s generated; the reuse and correct final disposal of that wastes; the treatment and reuse of the effluent; and the supervising in the trucks and machineries avoiding the oil spilling and the air pollution

Análise ambiental da problemática relacionada à falta de água no município de Itu, SP

The water resources scarceness in world become more evident and worried everyday, because the occurrence of water waste, without consider context of potable water deficit, period of long dryness, resource distribution and population density, urban concentration, industrial and rural areas, pollution process, contamination, beyond aspect related to sanitation and public health affect an entire population. At Itu city, this problem is already real, the population face the lack of water risk in dryness period, damaging their life quality and the city economic development, because Itu is a touristic city that has a mixed economy with activities in business dealing, agriculture and industrial department, all conect to water consumption.

Avaliação ambiental em empresas do distrito industrial Antônio Crepaldi, Presidente Prudente/SP

The sustainable development is the center of many discussions about the environment, economy and society. Environmental issues bring out problems with the fauna and flora, water resources, land use, population growth, residues, basic sanitation, and others. In this sense, the aim of the present work was to develop an environmental diagnostics and propose measures to mitigate the most significant environmental impacts generated by four enterprises in Antonio Crepaldi Industrial District, located at the city of Presidente Prudente/SP. In the study, it was used the methodology proposed by Moreira (2006), and it was done the following activities: monitoring and analyses of the production process, identification of potential environmental aspects and impacts; assessment of the impacts according to its nature, relevance and significance; proposition of measures to mitigate the critical impacts. As a final result, it was obtained an environmental diagnosis about the situation of each of the four companies studied, and it was possible to know the level of criticality of the impacts in each one, and proposing mitigation measures to control or minimizing them, bringing many benefits to the organization

Caracterização da sensibilidade ambiental da Baixada Santista no estado de São Paulo

This study aimed to perform the analysis and characterization of environmental sensitivity to oil from Baixada Santista in the State of São Paulo. The work was done by integrating data of physical environmet, socio-economic activities and the biological / ecological provided by the Research Group on Environmental Sensitivity to Oil Spill in the Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences of UNESP “Julio de Mesquita Filho” wich works in the conjunction with the Program of Human Resources Training in Geosciences and Environmental Sciences Applied to the Oil and Gas (PRH-05) of the National Petroleum Agency (ANP). Were also performed descriptive statistical analysis, based on dispersion and trend parameters, which allowed to answer questions related to environmental sensitivity index (ISL) prevalence, the predominance of the ISL by environment and the predominance of the environments of the area, thus providing an overview of Baixada Santista’s main towns about sensitivity to oil. Analyses performed in this study may also help mitigate the environmental and socioeconomic impacts and contribute to contingency plans development for Baixada Santista

Influência do enriquecimento ambiental nos padrões comportamentais de Galictis cuja, furão-pequeno, mantidos em cativeiro no zoológico municipal de Piracicaba, SP

Currently zoos and management centers are valuable tools in the maintenance and study of various species. Studies of behavior of captive animals contribute to the improvement of management techniques and the well - being of themselves, encouraging captive breeding and reintroduction also to the natural environment . One of the ways to increase the levels of well-being is the use of environmental enrichment techniques that provide necessary incentives for the welfare of both physical and psychological captive animal . The aim of this study was to identify the types, frequencies and intensities of behavior displayed by three individuals of the species Galictis cuja, belonging to the family Mustelidae and popularly known as lesser grisson , which are captives in municipal zoo in Piracicaba , SP . In addition to evaluating the influence of environmental enrichment techniques on these behavioral parameters. The animals had their behaviors recorded in ethograms through the focal sampling method , 40 hours per person , totaling 120 hours of observation . Were introduced four environmental enrichment techniques related to physical environment, nutrition , perception and cognitive stimulation . At the end, the results of observations before and after the introduction of enrichment techniques were compared and it was possible to observe significant changes in behavior such as run , walk and scratching . The animals were more active and spent longer visible during the day, the enrichment also increased the frequency of social behaviors and the end of the work occurred even attempted copulation , thus showing that the enrichment exerted a positive influence on the behavioral patterns of lesser grisson (Galictis cuja)