Lily Crawforth als Brangäne, Rollenbild, Kniestück, in: Richard Wagner: Tristan und Isolde

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F03384

Lily Hanburg, Brustbild

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F08759

Lily Hanburg, Kniestück

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F08760

Lily Hanburg, Kniestück, Profil

Signatur des Originals: S 36/F08761

PRODUCTION, DEGRADATION AND ACCUMULATION OF ORGANICS BY WASTE STABILIZATION POND MICROORGANISMS

The objectives of this research were: to determine the contribution of algae to commonly run water quality variables, to evaluate waste pond micoorganisms' capacity to degrade and accumulate ten EPA priority pollutants, and to determine the environmental fate of those compounds in a laboratory

A comparison of worker risk of injury while working on fully automated side loaders and other residential collection trucks at a large solid waste collection company

The study aim was to determine whether using automated side loader (ASL) trucks in higher proportions compared to other types of trucks for residential waste collection results in lower injury rates (from all causes). The primary hypothesis was that the risk of injury to workers was lower for those who work with ASL trucks than for workers who work with other types of trucks used in residential waste collection. To test this hypothesis, data were collected from one of the nation’s largest companies in the solid waste management industry. Different local operating units (i.e. facilities) in the company used different types of trucks to varying degrees, which created a special opportunity to examine refuse collection injuries and illnesses and the risk reduction potential of ASL trucks.^ The study design was ecological and analyzed end-of-year data provided by the company for calendar year 2007. During 2007, there were a total of 345 facilities which provided residential services. Each facility represented one observation.^ The dependent variable – injury and illness rate, was defined as a facility’s total case incidence rate (TCIR) recorded in accordance with federal OSHA requirements for the year 2007. The TCIR is the rate of total recordable injury and illness cases per 100 full-time workers. The independent variable, percent of ASL trucks, was calculated by dividing the number of ASL trucks by the total number of residential trucks at each facility.^ Multiple linear regression models were estimated for the impact of the percent of ASL trucks on TCIR per facility. Adjusted analyses included three covariates: median number of hours worked per week for residential workers; median number of months of work experience for residential workers; and median age of residential workers. All analyses were performed with the statistical software, Stata IC (version 11.0).^ The analyses included three approaches to classifying exposure, percent of ASL trucks. The first approach included two levels of exposure: (1) 0% and (2) >0 - <100%. The second approach included three levels of exposure: (1) 0%, (2) ≥ 1 - < 100%, and (3) 100%. The third approach included six levels of exposure to improve detection of a dose-response relationship: (1) 0%, (2) 1 to <25%, (3) 25 to <50%, (4) 50 to <75%, (5) 75 to <100%, and (6) 100%. None of the relationships between injury and illness rate and percent ASL trucks exposure levels was statistically significant (i.e., p<0.05), even after adjustment for all three covariates.^ In summary, the present study shows that there is some risk reduction impact of ASL trucks but not statistically significant. The covariates demonstrated a varied yet more modest impact on the injury and illness rate but again, none of the relationships between injury and illness rate and the covariates were statistically significant (i.e., p<0.05). However, as an ecological study, the present study also has the limitations inherent in such designs and warrants replication in an individual level cohort design. Any stronger conclusions are not suggested.^

Evaluation of a wellness program at a large private sector petrochemical company in Texas

The study purpose was to analyze the effects Integrated Health Solutions (IHS), an employee wellness program that has been implemented for one year on the corporate campus of a major private sector petrochemical company in Houston, TX, has on employee health. ^ Chronic diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States and are the most preventable of all health problems. The costs of chronic diseases in the working-age adult population include not only health problems and a decrease in quality of life, but also an increase the cost of health care and costs to businesses and employers, both directly and indirectly. These emerging costs to employers as well as the fact that adults now spend the majority of waking hours at the office have increased the interest in worksite health promotion programs that address many of the behavioral factors that lead to chronic conditions. Therefore, implementing and evaluating programs that are aimed at promoting health and decreasing the prevalence of chronic diseases at worksites is very important. ^ Data came from existing data that were collected by IHS staff during employee biometric screenings at the company in 2010 and 2011. Data from employees who participated in screenings in both 2010 and 2011 were grouped into a cohort by IHS staff. ^ One-tailed t-tests were conducted to determine if there were significant improvements in the biometric measures of body fat percentage, BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol levels, triglycerides, blood glucose levels, and cardiac risk ratios. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine if there were differences in program outcomes when stratified by age, gender, job type, and time between screenings. ^ Mean differences for the variables from 2010 to 2011 were small and not always in the desired direction for health improvement indicators. Through conducting t-tests, it was found that there were significant improvements in HDL, cardiac risk ratio, and glucose levels. There were significant increases in cholesterol, LDL, and diastolic blood pressures. For the IHS program, it appears that gender, job type, and time between screenings were possible modifiers of program effectiveness. When program outcome measures were stratified by these factors, results suggest that corporate employees had better outcomes than field employees, males had better outcomes overall than females, and more positive program effects were seen for employees with less time between their two screenings. ^ Recommendations for the program based on the results include ensuring validity of instruments and initial and periodic training of measurement procedures and equipment handling, using normative data or benchmarks to decrease chances for biased estimates of program effectiveness, measuring behaviors as well as biometric and physiologic statuses and changes, and collecting level of engagement data.^

Parasound-Data from "North Pond", Mid Atlantic Ridge

Am Mittelatlantischen Rücken befinden sich zahlreiche intermontane Sedimentbecken. Ein solches 8 x 14 km großes und bereits im Rahmen der internationalen Bohrprogramme ODP und DSDP mehrmals beprobtes und untersuchtes Sedimentbecken ist "North Pond". In Februar und März 2009 wurde erstmals ein umfassender Parasound-Survey in "North Pond" durchgeführt. Parasound-Daten werden zur Untersuchung oberflächennaher Sedimentstrukturen genutzt. Dabei können kleinskalige Rutschungen, Störungen und Sedimentabfolgen abgebildet werden, die mit niederfrequenterer Seismik nicht erkannt werden können.

Major element oxides of minerals from a lava pond at ODP Site 206-1256

At Ocean Drilling Program Site 1256 (6°44.2'N, 91°56.1'W), during Leg 206, a thick massive unit was cored in two neighboring penetrations of the uppermost basement, Holes 1256C and 1256D. This thick massive lava flow, commonly referred to as the "Lava Pond," is identified as Unit 18 (>30 m thick) in Hole 1256C and Unit 1 (>74.2 m thick) in Hole 1256D (Wilson et al., 2003, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.206.2003). In the coarse-grained basalt that comprises this lithological unit, low-temperature "background" alteration events are present. This report provides microprobe analyses of both primary and secondary minerals present in this massive lava pond. The analyses of typically magmatic minerals (titanomagnetite, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene) are given for comparison with secondary minerals.

Grafts, A. S., Currier, H. B. y Stocking, C. R. - El agua en la fisiología vegetal (Water in the physiology of plants); 40 pp. Ed. por Chronica Botanica Company, Waltham, Mass. USA., 1949

Fil: H. G. C..

(Table 1) White ice and melt pond characteristics in Darnley and Franklin Bay, Canada

Melt pond covered sea ice is a ubiquitous feature of the summertime Arctic Ocean when meltwater collects in lower-lying areas of ice surfaces. Horizontal transects were conducted during June 2008 above and below landfast sea ice with melt ponds to characterize surface and bottom topography together with variations in transmitted spectral irradiance. We captured a rapid progression from a highly flooded sea ice surface with lateral drainage toward flaws and seal breathing holes to the formation of distinct melt ponds with steep edges. As the mass of the ice cover decreased due to meltwater drainage and rose upward with respect to the seawater level, the high-scattering properties of ice above the water level (i.e., white ice) were continuously regenerated, while pond waters remained transparent compared to underlying ice. The relatively stable albedos observed throughout the study, even as ice thickness decreased, were directly related to these surface processes. Transmission through the ice cover of incident irradiance in the 400-700 nm wave band ranged from 38% to 67% and from 5% to 16% beneath ponded and white ice, respectively. Our results show that this transmission varied not only as a function of surface type (melt ponds or white ice) areal coverage but also in relation to ice thickness and proximity to other surface types through the influence of horizontal spreading of light. Thus, in contrast to albedo, this implies that regional transmittance estimates need to consider melt pond size and shape distributions and variations in optical properties and thickness of the ice cover.

Geophysical measurements on sediment cores from North Pond, Mid Atlantic Ridge

Die Porosität ist einer der wichtigsten gesteinsphysikalischen Parameter von Sedimenten. Daher werden in dieser Arbeit die Abhängigkeiten zwischen dem zentralen gesteinsphysikalischen Parameter Porosität und den Parametern Wärmeleitfähigkeit und spezifischer elektrischer Widerstand an Sedimenten von North Pond, eines Sedimentbeckens an der westlichen Flanke des Mittelatlantischen Rückens bei ca. 23°N, qualitativ und empirisch untersucht. Die Messung des spezifischen Widerstands wurde mittels eines miniaturisierten Wenner-Arrays mit einem Zentimeter Elektrodenabstand noch an Bord der FS Maria S. Merian auf der Reise MSM11/1 vom 10. Februar bis 13. März 2009 an Sedimentkernhälften durchgeführt, ebenso wie die Messung der Wärmeleitfähigkeit mit einer Nadelsonde. Die Messung der Gamma-Dichte an einem Multi Sensor Core Logger erfolgte im Rahmen dieser Arbeit und wurde wie die Messung der Porosität an Proben im Marum in Bremen durchgeführt. Die zugrundeliegende und zu untersuchende Beziehung zwischen spezifischem Widerstand und Porosität ist Archie's Law, die untersuchte Beziehung zwischen Wärmeleitfähigkeit und Porosität ist das Modell des geometrischen Mittels der Sedimentkomponenten. Die physikalische Beziehung zwischen der Porosität und den beiden Parametern spezifischer Widerstand und Wärmeleitfähigkeit konnte an den Sedimenten von North Pond bestätigt werden.

Absorption characteristics, major elements and chl a content of samples from Pond 19 at Zackenberg, NE Greenland

1. Shallow arctic lakes and ponds have simple and short food webs, but large uncertainties remain about benthic-pelagic links in these systems. We tested whether organic matter of benthic origin supports zooplankton biomass in a pond in NE Greenland, using stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen in the pond itself and in a 13C-enrichment enclosure experiment. In the latter, we manipulated the carbon isotope signature of benthic algae to enhance its isotopic discrimination from other potential food sources for zooplankton. 2. The cladoceran Daphnia middendorffiana responded to the 13C-enrichment of benthic mats with progressively increasing d13C values, suggesting benthic feeding. Stable isotope analysis also pointed towards a negligible contribution of terrestrial carbon to the diet of D. middendorffiana. This agreed with the apparent dominance of autochthonous dissolved organic matter in the pond revealed by analysis of coloured dissolved organic matter. 3. Daily net production by phytoplankton in the pond (18 mg C/m**2/day) could satisfy only up to half of the calculated minimum energy requirements of D. middendorffiana (35 mg C/m**2/day), whereas benthic primary production alone (145 mg C/m**2/day) was more than sufficient. 4. Our findings highlight benthic primary production as a major dietary source for D. middendorffiana in this system and suggest that benthic organic matter may play a key role in sustaining pelagic secondary production in such nutrient-limited high arctic ponds.