Ações relacionadas ao acompanhamento de crescimento e desenvolvimento no âmbito da atenção básica para enfermeiro

Tópico 1 - Ações relativas ao acompanhamento de crescimento e desenvolvimento no âmbito da AB O tópico demonstra como cada um dos encontros com a criança e a família é oportunidade para o fortalecimento de laços e para ações de promoção de saúde por meio da puericultura contando com diferentes profissionais para avaliação de diferentes aspectos e identificação de fatores de risco. Mostra a importância do processo sistemático de discussão e pactuação da equipe de saúde para o acompanhamento da criança e da família. Ressalta a necessidade do uso da linguagem na comunicação facilitadora. Trata, também, da importância dos dados sobre pressão arterial, dos riscos de problemas oftalmológicos, de atrasos no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, dos procedimentos padrão para avaliação auditiva. Tópico 2 – Orientações relativas à saúde bucal O tópico aborda a importância da enfermagem e dos demais profissionais de saúde no trabalho de prevenção da saúde bucal da criança. Mostra a necessidade do aconselhamento, da orientação e das ações desde o pré-natal, em relação à saúde bucal da mãe, do 1º ao 6º mês, do 6º mês a 1 ano e a partir dos 18 meses. Tópico 3 – Orientações relativas à vacinação O tópico mostra a importância da atenção ao Calendário de Vacinação Obrigatória (site MS) em termos nacionais e locais e o papel especial da enfermagem em reforçar sua importância junto à família. Trata, também, do Calendário Básico de Vacinação, das condições de vacinação segura e dos eventos adversos pós-vacina (EAPV), e das notificações do Manual de Vigilância. Tópico 4 – Orientações sobre alimentação da criança O tópico aborda a importância da alimentação adequada, a Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil e Rede Cegonha (ENPACS), Brasil Carinhoso. Trata da alimentação complementar de acrianças até 2 anos: informações gerais, qualidade e preparação de alimentos, crianças não amamentadas e desmame precoce, ingestão de água, bem como da importância de traçar linha de cuidados para promoção de saúde a partir de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar e integral de AB. Apresenta, ainda, indicações de leitura complementar e de uma reflexão sobre o trabalho em equipe. Conteúdo Online do módulo de Atenção integral à saúde da criança: Atenção integral à saúde da criança: Ações relacionadas ao acompanhamento de crescimento e desenvolvimento no âmbito da atenção básica para enfermeiro. Unidade 3 do módulo 11 para dentista que compõe o Curso de Especialização Multiprofissional em Saúde da Família.

Etapas de desenvolvimento na adolescência

Material utilizado na unidade 1 do módulo 9 "Saúde do adolescente" do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família produzido pela UNA-SUS/UFMA, com apresentação visual trabalhada para atender aos alunos participantes do programa Mais Médicos. Apresenta as características das etapas de desenvolvimento na adolescência.

Atuação do enfermeiro na prevenção da doença hipertensiva específica da gravidez

Este estudo abordou a assistência pré-natal, e a avaliação dos fatores de risco, identificando os sinais e sintomas para o desenvolvimento da doença hipertensiva específica da gravidez. Esta doença constitui a intercorrência clinica mais comum da gestante, apresenta incidência de 10%, sendo responsável por maior índice de morbimortalidade materna e perinatal. O estudo objetivou propor um plano de ação que norteie a equipe de saúde na prevenção da doença hipertensiva especifica da gravidez. Buscou-se, primeiramente, fundamentação teórica por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica em base de dado, bem como em livros e Manuais do Ministério da Saúde e da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Minas Gerais, com os descritores: pré-natal, hipertensão e gravidez de alto risco As publicações reafirmam a importância da assistência de enfermagem para que não ocorram complicações para a gestante que vive em situação de risco para o desenvolvimento da doença hipertensiva específica da gravidez, sendo a ação educativa e assistencial imprescindível. Enfim o enfermeiro desempenha um papel relevante, uma vez que compete a ele criar estratégias e juntamente com a equipe de saúde realizar ações educativas, que contribuam para que a gestante receba todas as orientações e acompanhamento adequado e chegue ao final da gestação saudável e sem complicações. Espera-se, portanto, que a concretização do plano de ação possa nortear o trabalho da equipe de saúde como um todo no atendimento à gestante.

Linguagem, cultura e alteridade: imagens do outro

Language, culture, and otherness are complementary and also confliting issues representing the central debate on childhood and the child who carries the signals of social and/or ethinical of exclusion. The debate on the social still connected to universal and absolute values and trues, therefore the theme needs a reavaliation on the realm of relativism. Questioning the fact that culture and otherness are expressed by language which are not always visible and explicit, requering a close and deep look at many social realities enpoorvered suburbs and rural areas, white and black children, homeless children, we kept their voices and speaches, their images from their own drawings to understand the way the percept mean they live and they are. These children have a word for school, and also about the process and agents to say by many different ways to express how they look their own world and how the world look at them.

Polímeros biomiméticos em química analítica. Parte 2: aplicações de MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymers) no desenvolvimento de sensores químicos

The aim of this paper is the description of the strategies and advances in the use of MIP in the development of chemical sensors. MIP has been considered an emerging technology, which allows the synthesis of materials that can mimic some highly specific natural receptors such as antibodies and enzymes. In recent years a great number of publications have demonstrated a growth in their use as sensing phases in the construction of sensors . Thus, the MIP technology became very attractive as a promising analytical tool for the development of sensors.

Ecomateriais: desenvolvimento e aplicação de materiais porosos funcionais para proteção ambiental

Fundamental aspects of the conception and applications of ecomaterials, in particular porous materials in the perspective of green chemistry are discussed in this paper. General recommendations for description and classification of porous materials are reviewed briefly. By way of illustration, some case studies of materials design and applications in pollution detection and remediation are described. It is shown here how different materials developed by our groups, such as porous glasses, ecomaterials from biomass and anionic clays were programmed to perform specific functions. A discussion of the present and future of ecomaterials in green chemistry is presented along with important key goals.

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de nanocápsulas de poli (L-lactídeo) contendo benzocaína

In this paper we describe the preparation poly (L-lactide) (PLA) nanocapsules as a drug delivery system for the local anesthetic benzocaine. The characterization and in vitro release properties of the system were investigated. The characterization results showed a polydispersity index of 0.14, an average diameter of 190.1± 3 nm, zeta potential of -38.5 mV and an entrapment efficiency of 73%. The release profile of Benzocaine loaded in PLA nanocapsules showed a significant different behavior than that of the pure anesthetic in solution. This study is important to characterize a drug release system using benzocaine for application in pain treatment.

Desenvolvimento de um algoritmo para identificação e correção de spikes em espectroscopia Raman de imagem

Raman imaging spectroscopy is a highly useful analytical tool that provides spatial and spectral information on a sample. However, CCD detectors used in dispersive instruments present the drawback of being sensitive to cosmic rays, giving rise to spikes in Raman spectra. Spikes influence variance structures and must be removed prior to the use of multivariate techniques. A new algorithm for correction of spikes in Raman imaging was developed using an approach based on comparison of nearest neighbor pixels. The algorithm showed characteristics including simplicity, rapidity, selectivity and high quality in spike removal from hyperspectral images.

Desenvolvimento, produção e caracterização de nanocristais de fármacos pouco solúveis

Poorly soluble drugs have low bioavailability, representing a major challenge for the pharmaceutical industry. Processing drugs into the nanosized range changes their physical properties, and these are being used in pharmaceutics to develop innovative formulations known as Nanocrystals. Use of nanocrystals to overcome the problem of low bioavailability, and their production using different techniques such as microfluidization or high pressure homogenization, was reviewed in this paper. Examples of drugs, cosmetics and nutraceutical ingredients were also discussed. These technologies are well established in the pharmaceutical industry and are approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

Desenvolvimento e validação de método espectrofotométrico para determinação de corante à base de luteína adicionado em iogurte desnatado

A simple analytical method for extraction and quantification of lutein colorant added to yogurt was developed and validated. The method allowed complete extraction of carotenoids using tetrahydrofuran in vortex, followed by centrifugation, partition to diethyl ether/petroleum ether, and drying. The carotenoids dissolved in ethanol were quantified by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This method showed linearity in the range tested (1.41-13.42 µg g-1), limits of detection and quantification of 0.42 and 1.28 µg g-1, respectively, low relative standard deviation (3.4%) and recovery ranging from 95 to 103%. The method proved reliable for quantification of lutein added to yogurt.

Desenvolvimento e avaliação de uma servoválvula de baixo custo para a aplicação de insumos líquidos

The present work aimed the development of a low cost servo-valve that answers to an electronic control signal, for variable rates liquid inputs application. A literature research to define which valve type should be used was made. A mechanically activated proportional valve with an electronically controlled servo-engine was designed and evaluated. Since developed the servo-valve, the system was submited to a number of tests .The evaluation of its behavior was obtained in terms of repeatability, hystheresis and linearity. The test was accomplished in a bench, specially developed for this aim. As a result, were obtained three curves of opening percentage as function of flow rate, describing three opening and closing increments in two different work pressures. The servo-valve presented a good repeatability, reasonable hysteresis and a typically quadratic curve. This one maintained the low cost target. These results were very satisfied because the non-linearity and the hysteresis could be easily corrected by software.

Calibração da Reflectometria no Domínio do Tempo (TDR) para a estimativa da concentração da solução no solo

Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) is a reliable method for in-situ measurements of the humidity and the solution concentration at the same soil volume. Accurate interpretation of electrical conductivity (and soil humidity) measurements may require a specific calibration curve. The primary goal of this work was to establish a calibration procedure for using TDR to estimate potassium nitrate concentrations (KNO3) in soil solution. An equation relating the electrical conductivity measured by TDR and KNO3 concentration was established enabling the use of TDR technique to estimate soil water content and nitrate concentration for efficient fertigation management.

Durabilidade de compósito biomassa vegetal-cimento modificado por polímero

The durability of the cellulose-cement composites is a decisive factor to introduce such material in the market. Polymers have been used in concrete and mortar production to increase its durability. The goal of this work was the physical and mechanical characterization of cellulose-cement composites modified by a polymer and the subsequent durability evaluation. The work also evaluated the dispersion of acrylic polymer in composites made of Pinus caribaea residues. The physical properties observed were water absorption by immersion and bulk density. Rupture modulus and toughness were determined by flexural test. The specimens were obtained from pads, produced by pressing and wet curing. Samples were subjected to accelerated aging tests by repeated wetting and drying cycles and hot-water bath and natural aging. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed verifying the fiber and composite characteristics along the time. For the composite range analyzed, it was observed the polymer improved the mechanical properties of composites besides a significant decreasing in water absorption. The use of polymer improved the performance of vegetable fiber-cement composites when compared to the conventional mortar, due to water absorption decreasing.

Perfis temporais NDVI MODIS, na cana-soca, de maturação tardia

This paper describes the development of a relational database and a tool for viewing MODIS NDVI temporal profile, using data from MOD09Q1 product, specifically the surface bidirectional reflectance factor relative to the RED and NIR wavelength, mosaic of 8-day temporal composition, and the quality band, in sugarcane fields in the state of São Paulo, for analysis of the late stubble-cane maturation. From sugarcane farms were obtained the historical data about yield, soil, variety, location of the each pixel for each subregion monitored. All data were integrated in a database developed in PostgreSQL. The tool was implemented using Java language and allowed a fast and automatic way of analyzing sugarcane phenological patterns. It concluded that the MODIS NDVI temporal profile using data from MOD09Q1 product is able to subsidize the monitoring of phenological changes in the sugarcane.

Composição florística de uma floresta ripária na Reserva Estadual de Porto Ferreira, SP

The point-centred quarter method (63 points) was applied in Porto Ferreira State Reserve (21º49'S and 47º25'W) in an area (1.08ha) on the right margin of Moji Guaçu river, including two woody individuals per quarter - one with DBH < 10cm and at least 130cm high, the other with DBH > 10cm. The results obtained were compared with those published by other authors for a riparian forest (Mata da Figueira) at Moji Guaçu Ecological Station (about 100 km upstream on the same river). At Porto Ferreira 107 species were found, of which 80 were exclusive, compared with the Mata da Figueira where of the 59 species listed, 31 were exclusive. The two area shared 27 common species, thus accounting for a low Sørensen similarity of 48.6%. The great environmental heterogeneity of the floodplains, as well as the degree of anthropic disturbance, could account for this floristic variation. The greatest numbers of species were shown by Leguminosae (20), Myrtaceae (17), Rutaceae (9), Euphorbiaceae (7), and Lauraceae, Meliaceae, Moraceae and Rubiaceae (6 species each). There appears to be little difference at the family level among the periodically flooded and non-flooded forests of the State of São Paulo, but the species show different degreees of preference for habitat. The floristic composition of the two areas presented a mixture of typical species with others of non-flooded forests. The latter would occur on the floodplain probably by a) adaptation of the root system to relatively short flooding periods; b) shorter periods of flooding on the higher points of the microrelief of the floodplain, and c) greater aeration due to running water.