Androgen receptors and experimental bone loss - an in vivo and in vitro study

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of avocado/soybean unsaponifiables on ligature-induced bone loss and bone repair after ligature removal in rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulates bone resorption by enhancing RANKL (Receptor Activator of NF-κB Ligand) through activation of toll-like receptor 2 in osteoblasts

Periodontitis has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis. In experimental arthritis, concomitant periodontitis caused by oral infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis enhances articular bone loss. The aim of this study was to investigate how lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from P. gingivalis stimulates bone resorption. The effects by LPS P. gingivalis and four other TLR2 ligands on bone resorption, osteoclast formation, and gene expression in wild type and Tlr2-deficient mice were assessed in ex vivo cultures of mouse parietal bones and in an in vivo model in which TLR2 agonists were injected subcutaneously over the skull bones. LPS P. gingivalis stimulated mineral release and matrix degradation in the parietal bone organ cultures by increasing differentiation and formation of mature osteoclasts, a response dependent on increased RANKL (receptor activator of NF-κB ligand). LPS P. gingivalis stimulated RANKL in parietal osteoblasts dependent on the presence of TLR2 and through a MyD88 and NF-κB-mediated mechanism. Similarly, the TLR2 agonists HKLM, FSL1, Pam2, and Pam3 stimulated RANKL in osteoblasts and parietal bone resorption. LPS P. gingivalis and Pam2 robustly enhanced osteoclast formation in periosteal/endosteal cell cultures by increasing RANKL. LPS P. gingivalis and Pam2 also up-regulated RANKL and osteoclastic genes in vivo, resulting in an increased number of periosteal osteoclasts and immense bone loss in wild type mice but not in Tlr2-deficient mice. These data demonstrate that LPS P. gingivalis stimulates periosteal osteoclast formation and bone resorption by stimulating RANKL in osteoblasts via TLR2. This effect might be important for periodontal bone loss and for the enhanced bone loss seen in rheumatoid arthritis patients with concomitant periodontal disease.

Long-term evaluation of oral gavage with periodontopathogens or ligature induction of experimental periodontal disease in mice

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Presença de candida e de anticorpos anti-candida na cavidade bucal de pacientes com periodontite crônica do adulto

The presence of Candida and the production of histolytic enzyms by the isolated samples were observed in the saliva and gingival fluid in adult chronic periodontitis patients and health ones. It was also verified the quantity of antibodies against Candida (IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE) in the saliva and sera of the same patients through ELISA technique. Yeasts of the genus Candida mainly C. albicans were isolated from saliva in higher number from adult chronic periodontitis patients in relation to the controle with statistically significant difference. The meon of the quantity of isolated Candida (UFC/ml) were higher for periodontítis patients, although this difference was not statistically significative. Samples of Candida isolated from both groups produced hystolytic enzymes (hyaluronidase, condroitin sulfatase, proteinase, phospholipase) that are considered patogenicity factors in periodontol diseases. Only one sample of each group (C albicans) didn't produce the four analysed enzymes. The antibodies levels against Candida (IgG, IgM and IgA in saliva, IgG and IgA in sera and IgG and IgM in gingival Fluid), were statistically higher in adult chronic periodontitis patients in relation to periodontically health individuals, suggesting humoral immune response by periodontitis patients to the yeasts of the genus Candida

Claritromicina como adjuvante ao debridamento periodontal no tratamento de periodontite agressiva generalizada: estudo controlado randomizado

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeito de diferentes terapias locais para o tratamento de periodontite crônica em indivíduos diabéticos tipo 2: estudo clínico controlado randomizado triplo cego de boca dividida com acompanhamento de seis meses

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Susceptibilidade antimicrobiana ao metronidazole de microrganismos isolados de periodontite crônica e agressiva

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbial susceptibility to metronidazole from microorganisms isolated from patients with chronic or aggressive periodontitis. The samples were obtained from 50 patients with periodontitis and microorganisms were isolated onto selective and nonselective culture media, identified by biochemical methods and tested for susceptibility to metronidazole. The results evidenced the susceptibility to metronidazole among gram-negative anaerobes and some intermediate susceptibility and resistance among Grampositive anaerobes and facultatives.

Condições de saúde bucal de crianças e adolescentes portadores de síndrome de Down

Patients with Down syndrome have shown different conditions of oral health, and there is a low occurrence of dental caries and a higher susceptibility to periodontal diseases. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases in subjects with Down syndrome. The population was composed of 40 patients with the syndrome, aged 6 to 18 years, of both genders, and an equal number of non-syndromic patients. The periodontal conditions were evaluated by mean of the criteria of PSR and dental conditions were registered following indexes dmft and DMFT. It was found that in children with Down syndrome, the dmft index was 1.17 and DMFT 3.53 while the control group was verified dmft 1.97 and DMFT 2.77. The results of PSR evidenced that 32.5% of children with Down syndrome were periodontally healthy, 65% were gingivitis patients and 2.5% were periodontitis patients, while in the control group, 50% healthy and 50% were gingivitis patients. The results evidenced similar populations of cariogenic cocci between patients with Down syndrome and non-syndromic subjects. It was concluded that the incidence of caries in children with Down syndrome was higher in permanent teeth compared with the control group, while in the occurrence of deciduous teeth caries was slightly higher in the control group, so when children with Down syndrome are subjected to periodic examinations, they present themselves periodontally healthy.

Reparative phase events on periodontal disease progression: interpretation and considerations

Periodontal disease progress by destructive acute phases intercalated by reparative chronic phases. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and histological evidence of the periodontal disease reparative phase by analyzing bone wall conditions inside periodontal pockets and histologic images of periodontal pockets, identified in relevant publications. 81 patients with periodontitis, were randomly assigned into this study. Clinical and radiographic parameters were established to diagnose periodontal disease providing a sample of 133 diseased areas, which were treated by modified Widman flap. Documentation by digital photography were recorded in the surgery. Relevant publications showing histological images of periodontal pockets, were identified in Medline, PubMed and Google data base, were scanned and digitalized. All images obtained were evaluated and the presences of the reparative evidence in the zone around the underlying destroyed alveolar bone were critically analyzed. All periodontal bone defects, showed cortical bone reparations at different levels inside periodontal bone defects. All histologic images of periodontal pockets identified in relevant publications showed repaired gingival-attached connective tissue localized above underlying destroyed alveolar bone. All the evidences analyzed in this study suggested that periodontal disease is predominantly chronic, quiescent, showing reparative phases in different levels.

Procedimentos básicos em periodontia: método lógico para estabilizar a doença periodontal avançada

To treat periodontal disease is essential to establish a control in all etiological factors that cause destructive activity in periodontal tissues. Basic periodontal therapy may be applied to eliminate or/and to control all etiologic factors involved in disease development. In this paper, some aspects to stabilize advanced periodontal disease using basic periodontal therapy are analyzed and discussed.

Periodontite ulcerativa necrosante: tratamento fisico da superficie radicular com Er YAG laser

Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis is associated with bacteria and predisposing risk factors. The treatment is centered in elimination and/or control of the bacteria and predisposing risk factors. However the disease acute phase could induce sequelae as periodontal tissue destruction which may be treated by periodontal surgical procedures.

Doença periodontal, diabete mellitus e hipertensão em gestantes usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)

Purpose: To evaluate the association among periodontal disease, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in pregnant women users of the Brazilian Health System (SUS). Methods: The sample consisted of 86 women, with pregnant age between the 4th and 7 th month, submitted to pre-natal attendance in Health Basic Unities (HBUs). Periodontal condition was evaluated by 2 calibrated researchers (Kappa = 0.91) through the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). A sphygmomanometer was used to check the arterial pressure, what was accomplished by the professionals from the HBUs; glycemia test was accomplished through a blood sample collected from the middle finger with a disposable lancet adapted to a lance device (Accu-Chek Softclix Pro; Roche, USA), and for checking the glycemia level, a glycemia monitor was used (Accu-Chek Advantage II, Roche, USA). Data were written on a numbered register form, avoiding patient identification. After, the same data were statistically analyzed through the Fisher Exact Test, in order to evaluate the existence of association between the variables blood glucose and periodontal disease. In this test, a significance level of 0,05 was adopted. Results – Most of the pregnant woman presented periodontal health (58,1%); 41,9% of the research subjects showed at least one sign of periodontal disease, with 31,4% presenting gingivitis and 10,5% periodontitis. Hyperglycemia was detected in 51,2% and it was not found a value of arterial pressure higher than what is considered to be normal. Conclusion: it was not verified a significant association among the presence of periodontal disease, glycemia alteration and arterial hypertension in pregnant women who comprised this research.

Halitose bucal: importância da saburra lingual e periodontite na sua etiologia

In general the human breath doesn't have smell or it is so only lightly perceptible to the surrounding ones, varying of pleasant the unpleasant, being taken in consideration the sensibility of the person. Halitosis or bad breath doesn't truly represent a disease, being present in a considerable portion of the population. Ethiologically exist several involved factors, could make an appointment breathing, gastric intestinal, organic and psychic disturbances and mainly oral factors, being the microbial colonization of the tongue the most common, beside the pathological situations involving periodontitis, as necrotizing ulcerative gengivitis. For representing a true obstacle biopsicossocial, the halitosis it influences directally in the family life, work, the patients' atmosphere social, being its diagnosis specific, demanding in certain occasions treatment multidisciplinar. In that sense, the present study if report to a literary revision of the theme, approaching the main aspects of the development of the halitosis, as well as its biological origin and its clinical implications.

Antimicrobial activity of plants infusions on oral fusobacteria and their adherence to human erythrocytes

Periodontal disease is the result of the interrelationship between microbiotic aggression and the host’s organic defence. Amongst the microorganisms involved in periodontopathies, Fusobacterium nucleatum is conspicuous by establishing a link between the initial and final colonizers, besides producing toxic compounds and adhering to the host’s cells. Control of bacterial biofilm can be achieved by use of chemical agents, many of which extracted from plants. Thus the object of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity in vitro of some teas, generally taken in a normal diet, on Fusobacterium nucleatum and your adherence to host’s cells. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were established and haemagglutinative test in microplaques was effected. It was ascertained that all plant extracts have inhibitory activity and that infusions of Camellia sinensis (black tea and green tea), Mentha piperita (mint) and Pimpinella anixem (aniseed) added to the bacteria/erythrocyte compound reduced significantly the adherence of microorganisms.