1000 resultados para Perda de potência ativa


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The purpose of this work was the inlay’s characterization from the water supply networks of Rio Claro-SP city; as well analyze the influence of network’s aging in the actual system. To do this, some samples of inlays were collected and made chemistry analysis and X-Ray Diffraction Spectrometry. The history of the source water quality was also analyzed, to make possible to known the origins of the inlays. To evaluate the performance of the network, some different scenarios have been simulated, varying the resistance coefficient of the water supply networks of Rio Claro-SP. The characterization results showed that there are basically oxide and hydroxide of iron (magnetite and goethite) and quartz in the inlays, which are materials of high hardness. The hydraulic simulations indicated that the simulated scenarios had a variation of ~2000% in terms of loss of energy

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This work analyzed the loss of sensible heat from one fluid to be considered homogeneous heat distribution on a thermal reservoir with cylindrical geometries composite insulating layers. We studied two thermal reservoirs with a volume of 20 liters, and the first has a layer thickness of 75 mm of expanding polyurethane foam wrapped in the polycarbonate container and the second container has only layer thickness of 5 mm of polycarbonate, as insulation of fluid of the external environment. The experimental results are compared with theoretical results obtained through a calculation script, displayed and detailed during the work development, from the theory of energy balance. The maximum error introduced between the theoretical and experimental results were 3.5% and 1.4% respectively for the Boilers with or without a polyurethane coating

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The objective of this work is to analyze the viability of incorporation in a microcomputer box of a nobreak with an ultracapacitor as energy storage device, substituting the conventional chemical battery. An advantage of this inclusion is cost reduction because a specific metallic or plastic frame won’t be necessary to protect the components of the nobreak; the microcomputer metallic frame offers the necessary protection for both equipments. Moreover, a large quantity of internal space of microcomputers box isn’t used, and is possible to use it to wrap up the nobreak. This work uses data about average power consumption of microcomputers; operation of switching mode power supplies for microcomputers; electrical and mechanical characteristics of ultracapacitors and operation of power circuits of nobreaks, with the purpose of present a study of energy storage capacity that an ultracapacitor should have to allow a safe switching off of a microcomputer in case of electrical network fail. It was noticed that the use of ultracapacitors is feasible to feed an 180 W load for 75 s, using a capacitive bank with sixteen ultracapacitors, with a total capacitance of 350 F and voltage of 10,8 V. The use of the proposed nobreak increases the reliability of the microcomputer by reducing the probability of user data losses in case of an electrical network fail, offering a high cost/benefit product. The substitution of the battery by an ultracapacitor allows a quick nobreak recharge, with low maintenance costs, since ultracapacitors have a lifetime bigger than batteries; beyond reducing the environmental impact, because they don’t use potentially toxic chemical compounds

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O nitrato de fenticonazol é um derivado imidazólico de amplo espectro de ação contra patógenos dermatófitos, como Malassezia furfur e leveduras, a principal delas Candida albicans. É necessário que se possa garantir a qualidade dos medicamentos produzidos. O controle de qualidade é uma ferramenta que assegura a qualidade, eficácia e segurança desses produtos até o momento de sua utilização e faz-se necessário que métodos analíticos sejam desenvolvidos e validados para o doseamento desses fármacos. A grande importância dos métodos microbiológicos utilizados no controle de qualidade de fármacos com atividade antimicrobiana é demonstrar sua atividade biológica por meio de seu efeito inibitório no crescimento de micro-organismo. A diminuição da atividade antimicrobiana ou potência pode indicar alguma alteração sutil na molécula, que é pouco detectável em um método analítico físico-químico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e validar o método microbiológico difusão em ágar para o produto nitrato de fenticonazol creme vaginal. O método de difusão em ágar foi desenvolvido utilizando meio de cultura ágar Sabouraud e cepa de Candida albicans ATCC 64548 como micro-organismo teste. Para o ensaio foi utilizado o delineamento 3 x 3, conforme preconiza a Farmacopeia Brasileira (2010). A validação do método proposto demonstrou linearidade entre os diâmetros dos halos de inibição e o logaritmo da concentração na faixa de 50,0 a 200,0 μg/mL. O método obteve resultados precisos e lineares com r2=1. A exatidão foi comprovada pelo intervalo de tolerância de 98,83%, dentro dos limites permitidos. O método foi validado de maneira satisfatória, podendo ser utilizado em análises do Controle de Qualidade deste fármaco.

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In this work we report the development of a tube amplifier built to be used in magnetic probe diagnostic of plasma. The probe is used to measure the magnetic field in the theta-pinch system presently running in our university. We present the calculations and procedures to determine the configuration of circuits and specify the components of the power supply, the preamp stage and the power stage. The circuit configuration and the characteristics of the components was obtained. A representative model of the system behavior gave the transfer function of the amplifier. Theoretical predictions of frequency response and the feedback effects were compared to the experimental values and showed very good agreement. The amplifier works between a frequency bandwidth of 20 an 30 kHz and supply a maximum power of 12 W

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Due to the need of more agility, dynamism and reliability in stock management, the market has turned its attention to RFID, which offers a practical solution and live up to the big corporations' expectations. The search for continuous improvement establishes a direct link with RFID, for its technology offers accurate real time information in any monitored given place. RFID is a radio frequency communication technology. A reader communicates to a tag through waves. This tag can be active, with a battery, or passive, in which its power is supplied by currents induced by the field variation it is exposed to. The RFID technology has a well defined basic principle, but there are many constructive ways of implementing it. The adaptability as well as the flexibility regard to the several kinds of stock in industry, reaching their particular needs. RFID can lower maintenance costs in stock by collecting data more accurately, lowering human error and optimizing the item handling at its reception, exit and while it is inside the company. This paper presents an example of RFID technology applied in a company's stock management. It is possible to prove that there are, in fact, great advantages in implementing this technology, as it creates the opportunity for continuous improvement in stock management, with better application of material, labour and quality tools, since the data collected through an automatized process using RFID are more reliable and dynamic

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Introdução: A lesão mais comumente encontrada na população ativa é a entorse de tornozelo. Cerca de 40% destes casos continuam a manifestar sensação de instabilidade articular mesmo após a fase aguda da lesão, caracterizando a instabilidade funcional do tornozelo (IFT). A IFT está relacionada com déficits proprioceptivos e redução na capacidade de produção de força e potência muscular. Haja vista que o basquetebol é um esporte com grande incidência de lesões no tornozelo faz-se necessário o entendimento de métodos de avaliação de baixo custo, que possam contribuir para a prevenção deste tipo de lesão em atletas. Objetivo: Nesse sentido, o presente estudo, tem como objetivo identificar os parâmetros de torque, atividade eletromiográfica, senso de reposicionamento articular e a pontuação em teste funcional em jogadoras de basquetebol com tornozelo estável. Correlacionar os valores de torque, atividade eletromiográfica e do senso de reposionamento articular com a pontuação dos testes funcionais em individuos saudáveis. Método: Participaram deste estudo 6 atletas do gênero feminino praticantes do basquetebol com idade entre 18 e 25 anos. As voluntárias realizaram os seguintes testes: torque isocinético concêntrico em inversão (INV) e eversão (EVE) nas velocidades de 60º e 120º, cinco testes funcionais e teste de reposicionamento articular com os ângulos-alvo de 10º e 20º de inversão. Após a verificação da normalidade de distribuição dos dados com o teste Shapiro-Wilk, utilizou-se o teste de Correlação Spearman para verificar a correlação dos testes funcionais com o pico de torque, o sinal EMG e o reposicionamento articular. Resultados: Não foi encontrados resultados esperados no estudo, exceto na correlação negativa para os valores de RMS do TA na velocidade de 120º nas contrações isocinética...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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The main objective of this study was to analyze the reliability of blood lactate concentration ([La]), oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (FC) in an intermittent protoco, performed at 95%VO2max with passive or active recovery in untrained subjects. Participated of this study, active healthy males with 20 to 25 years, which were doing aerobic exercises witha weekly frequency of 3 sessions at least. The individulas performed, in different days, the following protocols in a cyclergometer: 1) An incremental test until exhaustion to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and the intensity at VO2max; b) Two transitions at 95%VO2max for the determination of the VO2 kinetics parameters and; c) Two intermittent tests until exhaustion, with repetitions at 95% IVO2max and with durantion defined as being half of the duration of the slow component. The duration of the recovery was half of the duration of the effort (effort:pause of 2:1). This test was performed with passive (GP) and active recovery (GA). The VO2 and FC were measured continulously in both tests. Blood collections were performed for the determination of the [La]. There was significant correlação in both groups for VO2 (ATIVA - 0.94, PASSIVA - 0.75), [La] (ATIVA - 0.83, PASSIVA - 0.90) and FC (0.93) only for the passive group. Thus, it can be concluded that the cardiorrespiratory and metabolic responses present good realiability in an intermittent exercise with active or passive recovery

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The expansion of the electrical system is currently a subject of great importance to the development of Brazil. For its realization, large projects are needed, requiring large-scale investment and realization processes of great complexity. Thus, this type of project has a high strategic importance for the performance of companies that conduct. Seeking a way to determine a method to align traditional practices for measuring quality to the corporate strategic needs, this work is the study of the use of the balanced scorecard methodology, applying quality management and operational excellence, with a focus on projects in power systems. We analyzed some cases of successful application of the methodology in business segments in the next study, culminating in a proposed model of the method

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The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of previous exercise on the determination of critical power (CP). Seven apparently healthy nontrained males, of 18 to 25 years, participated of this study. The subjects were submitted, in different days to the following protocols in a cyclergometer: 1) one progressive test until voluntary exhaustion for the determination of lactate threshold (LL), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and its corresponding intensity (IVO2max); 2) six constant workload tests at 95,100 and 110% IVO2max until exhaustion with and without a previous exercise at 70% , in random order. The exhaustion times (tlim) at 95, 100 and 110% IVO2max were adjusted forme thress models of two parameters to estimate CP and anaerobic work capacity (AWC) [P=CTAn/tlim)+CP; tlim = CTAn/(P-PC); P=PC.tlim+ CTAn]. The model with the lowest standard error was considered for the estimation of CP. The tlim at 95% IVO2max was similar without (501 ± 140 s) and with previous exercise (473 ± 99 s). However, the tlim at 100% (381 ± 103 s and 334 ± 101 s) and 110% IVO2max (267 ± 163 s and 227 ± 68 s) was significantly longer with previous exercise. There was no significant difference in CP and AWCat conditions without (200 ± 27 W and 23 ± 11 kJ, respectively) and with previous exercise (212 ± 30 W and 18 ± 8 kJ, respectively). It can be concluded that the parameters of the relationship between power and time were not modified by the previous severe exercise

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This paper presents a comparative study based on literature and examples in the literature, the two main technologies for the transmission of electricity at high voltage: alternate current transmission and direct current transmission. Inside the direct current transmission will be shown two technologies currently employed, transmission by current source and transmission by voltage source, contributing to a better understanding of them. The ultimate goal is to provide a text for consultation to identify key characteristics that influence the choice of future transmission lines

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A inatividade física é uma das principais causas de morte no mundo, e um dos principais fatores de risco para doenças não transmissíveis. Os fatores de risco destas doenças podem ser prevenidos com modificações no estilo de vida, que reduz eventos cardiovasculares e aumenta a sobrevida de pacientes portadores ou em risco de coronariopatias. Entendendo de como estes agentes casuais se predispõem ao surgimento de cardiopatias, o acompanhamento de fatores de risco ajudam na identificação de sinais antecessores à doença, que podem ser modificados, atenuados e até mesmo revertidos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi de verificar a influência de um ano de prática regular de Atividade Física nas variáveis bioquímicas (bioquímicas (glicose, triglicérides, HDL, LDL, e colesterol total), circunferência de quadril e abdominal e Indice de Massa Corporal (IMC) de seus praticantes. Participaram do presente estudo 25 mulheres com idade superior a 40 anos participantes iniciantes do Programa de Exercício Físico na Atenção Básica da cidade de Rio Claro-SP. As atividades foram realizadas com frequência de três vezes por semana, em sessões de 60 minutos. Foram realizadas três análises laboratoriais (início, após 4 meses e um ano de intervenção) das variáveis bioquímicas (glicose, triglicérides, HDL, LDL, e colesterol total). Os principais resultados do presente estudo demonstraram que após quatros meses de intervenção a circunferência abdominal e o LDL apresentaram menores valores do que no início do programa. Entretanto, após um ano de intervenção a circunferência do quadril, abdominal, LDL, glicose e colesterol total apresentaram maiores valores do que quando comparado com os valores após os 4 meses. Com base nos resultados antropométricos percebe-se que houve melhores resultados aos quatro meses de intervenção do que com um ano de intervenção. Provavelmente o que ocorreu no caso do presente estudo se deve pela...