Produtividade e qualidade de grãos de híbridos de canola cultivados em diferentes épocas no sudoeste do Paraná

Canola is the third most important oilseed in global agribusiness. Used in several market segments, its cultivation in Brazil began in the 70s The growth of canola cultivation aimed at producing beans intended for oil extraction can provide high economic efficiency of farms, the choice of the time correct for sowing is essential for this purpose is achieved. Objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of canola hybrids (Hyola 61, Hyola 76, Hyola 411, 433 and Hyola Hyola 571) evaluated in six sowing dates started on 09/03 (1 time) 06/04 (2 times ), 04/05 (3 times), 01/06 (4 times), 29/06 (5 times) and 26/07 (6 times). The experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of the Federal Technological University of Paraná - UTFPR, Campus Dois Vizinhos. The field experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with split plots in three replications in two years (2013 and 2014 crop). Evaluated the agronomic characteristics as the number of days between emergence and flowering, number of days duration of flowering, number of days between emergency and physiological maturity, average plant height, plant lodging, grain yield, weight a thousand grains, crude protein content in grain and ether extract in the grains. There were significant differences between the effects of the six sowing dates in all variables, including hybrids and years. The study was able to show that it is possible to grow canola in the Southwest of Paraná. Being the first times more responsive sowing and Hyola 411 and Hyola 433 hybrid proved the most suitable among the variables observed.

Adaptação de cultivares diploides e tetraploides de azevém anual às condições climáticas do sudoeste do Paraná

Annual ryegrass is one of the species that best meets the needs of ranchers of southern Brazil during the winter period of the year. The breeding of ryegrass for many years has been developing superior materials, diploid and tetraploid, which, despite its higher prices for seed are being used by producers because of their better performance and quality. The objective of this research was to evaluate the behavior of different cultivars of Italian ryegrass - diploid and tetraploid, grazing, climate conditions of southwestern Paraná. The experiment was conducted in the city of Pato Branco / PR. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications. The observed cultivars were: LE 284, Camaro, Bakarat, Estações, Ponteio and Nibbio (diploid) and Winter Star, KLM 138, Escorpio, Titan, Barjumbo and Potro (tetraploid). The grazing was mob-grazing type time respecting input of 25 cm and 10 cm high output. It was observed that the cultivars that had high period of pasture use were those that produced larger amounts of forage. For all cultivars the highest forage accumulations occur between the months of August, September and October. Tetraploid have lower population density of tillers, but this does not affect the IAF among cultivars nor the interception of solar radiation before and after the completion of a grazing. NDF and ADF contents linearly increase with advancing in ryegrass cultivars development cycle. On average, tetraploid cultivars produce larger amounts of forage in relation to diploid cultivars.

Avaliação inorgânica de material particulado atmosférico inalável na região norte do Paraná

This study aimed to determine the concentration and inorganic chemical composition of samples from airborne particulate matter inhaled in fine and coarse fractions. Aerosol samples were collected in 2013 and 2014, from sites located in the cities of Londrina and Maringa, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The samples were collected daily (24h) in two campaigns: winter and summer. For the collection, was used a dichotomous sampler with quartz fiber filter with 47 mm in size and 2 µm porosity, 97% efficiency, retaining particles of up to 0.3 µm. Quantification of the airborne particulate matter mass was performed by gravimetry method. The results from Londrina to PM2.5 and MP2,5-10 represent, respectively, 29.2% and 70.8% of airborne particulate matter in the winter campaign (2013), 30.9% (PM2.5) and 69.1 % (MP2,5-10) in the summer campaign (2013), and 35.9% (PM2.5) and 64.1% (MP2,5-10) in the winter 2014 campaign. In the city of Maringa, the results presented the percentage of 42.0% (PM2.5) and 58.0% (MP2,5-10) for the winter season (2014), and 28.8% (PM2.5) and 71.2 % (MP2,5-10) for the summer season (2014). The PM2.5/PM10 ratio was on average 0.3, demonstrating that both cities are developing urban areas. Analysis of the major soluble inorganic species in water (NO3-, SO42- and Cl-) associated with MP2,5-10 were quantified by ion chromatography at the LACA Laboratory in the State University of Londrina, with the largest contribution found in all campaigns was to NO3-. The NO3-/SO42- ratios above 1.0 indicate the local traffic contribution. The analysis of metals associated with PM2.5 was carried out by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS) in the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The Zn, Pb, Cu and Mn concentrations found in all campaigns indicate the contribution of mobile sources to PM2.5. The concentration of BCe in PM2.5 was determined by reflectance, with higher BCe concentrations being found in winter campaigns. In general, Londrina presented the highest concentrations from the species analyzed when compared to Maringá. In addition, the analysis of the air mass trajectories indicated the transportation of pollutants coming mainly from fires in the southeastern region of the country.

Predominant learning styles among pharmacy students at the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil

Background: Learning styles are cognitive, emotional, and physiological traits, as well as indicators of how learners perceive, interact, and respond to their learning environments. According to Honey-Mumford, learning styles are classified as active, reflexive, theoretical, and pragmatic. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the predominant learning styles among pharmacy students at the Federal University of Paraná, Brazil. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study was conducted using the Honey-Alonso Learning Style Questionnaire. Students in the Bachelor of Pharmacy program were invited to participate in this study. The questionnaire comprised 80 randomized questions, 20 for each of the four learning styles. The maximum possible score was 20 points for each learning style, and cumulative scores indicated the predominant learning styles among the participants. Honey-Mumford (1986) proposed five preference levels for each style (very low, low, moderate, high, and very high), called a general interpretation scale, to avoid student identification with one learning style and ignoring the characteristics of the other styles. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: This study included 297 students (70% of all pharmacy students at the time) with a median age of 21 years old. Women comprised 77.1% of participants. The predominant style among pharmacy students at the Federal University of Paraná was the pragmatist, with a median of 14 (high preference). The pragmatist style prevails in people who are able to discover techniques related to their daily learning because such people are curious to discover new strategies and attempt to verify whether the strategies are efficient and valid. Because these people are direct and objective in their actions, pragmatists prefer to focus on practical issues that are validated and on problem situations. There was no statistically significant difference between genders with regard to learning styles. Conclusion: The pragmatist style is the prevailing style among pharmacy students at the Federal University of Paraná. Although students may have a learning preference that preference is not the only manner in which students can learn, neither their preference is the only manner in which students can be taught. Awareness of students’ learning styles can be used to adapt the methodology used by teachers to render the teaching-learning process effective and long lasting. The content taught to students should be presented in different manners because varying teaching methods can develop learning skills in students.

Estrutura e dinâmica de populações de Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766) (Rodentia) em duas áreas urbanas no norte do Paraná, Brasil

This study aimed to evaluate the population ecology of Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766) in two urban areas in the north of Paraná, an open and other protected by assessing the effects of these two different types of environments on the structure and dynamics of the population and its implications for conservation of the species. The monitoring of the populations were performed monthly between June 2014 and March 2015 in Jaboti Lake Park (Apucarana / PR) and Conservation Unit Parque Arthur Thomas (Londrina / PR). To conduct the survey population data was used the methodology of total census (direct counting of individuals).They were evaluated ecological parameters of the populations of capybaras, such as ecological density, abundance, age distribution and birth rate, as well as performed the analysis of the landscape. It was applied to analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the differences between the averages of the abundance of each age group per year of observation, as well as the differences between the average ecological density over the years of observation. The standard relationship between the use of classes and land use in the landscape and the ecological parameters of the capybara populations was evaluated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The trend of variation of average abundance over time to Thomas Arthur Park revealed abrupt decrease of the population in a short period of time (2014 16 ± 9, 14 ± 1 and 2015 7±1) as well as ecological density in 2015 (0.05 ind./ha). On the other hand, the Jaboti Lake Park, showed an increase in absolute abundance, with marked recovery of the population in the same period (2014 38±8,30 and 2015 45±1,73) and coming up with an ecological density in 2015 (2 ind ./ha). The birth rate found Lake Park Jaboti was superior to Arthur Thomas Park, which had a negative rate between 2012 and 2015. The use and land cover analysis showed significant differences from the point of view of the relative contribution of landscape elements in the spatial heterogeneity. Arthur Thomas Park shows areas of dense vegetation and urban areas relatively higher than those observed in Jaboti Lake Park that revealed relatively higher proportions of the areas of agriculture / field and exposed soil. Thus, the present study revealed that the local population structure is directly related to the spatial characteristics of both studied landscapes, as can be seen by the greater abundance and density seen in Jaboti Lake Park compared to Arthur Thomas Park in recent years of study.

Um olhar sobre a lei Maria da Penha no Paraná: avanços e desafios

This study aims to analyze the process of implementation of Maria da Penha Law in Paraná from the perception of persons directly involved in combating violence against women in that state. To achieve this goal, the implementation in Curitiba was taken as the main reference, due to its status as capital, being the headquarter of the political powers and the place where are some feminist social movements. We have chosen qualitative approach of interpretative nature as research methodology, because it is a method that allows the analysis of the responses and as a data collection technique. We also have chosen the individual semi-structured interview as interview mode, because it gives greater freedom to the interviewee to discuss the matter, but it is delimited to the study objectives. The research included nine persons, including members of the Judiciary and Public Ministry, public servants and activists. The importance of the study stems from the relevance of the numbers of violence against women in Brazil, and more specifically by the significant occurrence of this kind of acts in the state of Paraná, which currently occupies the 3rd place in the ranking for the most violent states. The paper also discusses gender relations by understanding that violence against women is the result of an asymmetrical power relationship between men and women; human rights because violence is a blatant disregard of women's human rights; on public policies and technologies to confront this form of violence. Among the policies, the Maria da Penha Law is highlighted as one of the most striking examples of public policy for combating violence against women. The research found out which was the participation of Paraná in the discussion and implementation of Maria da Penha Law, identifying relevant facts and people and also what was the repercussion obtained by this law. As for the implementation in Paraná, it was possible to determine progresses, difficulties and challenges of the process. The greatest advances obtained so far are the facilities of: Court of Domestic and Family Violence against Women in Curitiba, Maria da Penha Patrol and Women's Special City Office of Curitiba. As for the difficulties, they are related, among others things, to the physical structure, training of agents, political will, and even cultural issues, which are directly linked to gender issues. Thus it was found that the law is implemented in the state, but there are still several challenges to be achieved, which consist, mainly, of the structure increment for combating violence; awareness and change of mentality of public officials; training of service agents and a greater social participation in combating violence. We concluded that the need for change in gender relations, which is an educational and social evolutionary process and therefore time consuming, is also a challenge.

Programa ciclovida como política de mobilidade urbana sustentável: estudo empírico na Universidade Federal do Paraná

The urban mobility has in the bicycle its symbol of the most environmentally sustainable modal of transportation of the planet, title conferred by the United Nations Organization (ONU). Nevertheless, the cities suffer with the traffic jam caused by the automobile fleet growth, what implies in a larger displacement time, injuries to the environment, to financials and to the quality of life. In order to build in a sustainable way the urban mobility, public policies are necessary to encourage the preferential usage, by the society, of the mass transit or the non-motorized type of transportation. Objecting cooperate with the public power and the civil society, this study intents to, through an analysis about the UFPR Extension Program - CICLOVIDA, propose a sustainable urban mobility public policy development, with emphasis in the bicycle´s usage. eferentially, it is discussed concepts such as Society, State and Government as well as public policies, which go in cycles to the State´s and Government´s responsibilities; and are presented the Sustainable Urban Mobility Public Policies (PPMUS) in Brazil. Also, it is debated about the transport by bicycle as an option to the sustainable mobility. Methodologically, the study is of an empiric-social nature, with the application of both qualitative and observational methods, what characterizes as an exploratory level of research, with the researcher´s involvement in the participant form, due to her acting on the Program. Regarding the research lineation, it was used the bibliographic and documental form as well as case study, by means of the nonparametric sampling by accessibility or convenience. Related to the data collection technique, it was used structured interviews with self-applied questionnaires and natural participant observation. Aligned with the research´s objective and matter, the outcome confirmed that the Extension Program CICLOVIDA of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) may effectively contribute in the development of a PPMUS proposal with emphasis in the bicycle usage. Thus, it was built a political proposal with a free form writing, objecting subsidize policies both institutional as public MUS through the bicycle usage and therefore, support the mobility, also contributing to the sustainability and to the public development planning.

Internacionalização da educação superior: estratégias e ações da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná

The present dissertation is inserted in the internationalization of the university-level education research field and aimed to analyze the strategies and internationalization actions of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), locus of research. The study sought to establish the current context in which the internationalization is inserted and contextualize the research problematic presenting definitions, concepts, reasons and strategies linked to an international dimension. It also presents a historical context of the internationalization of Brazil and current public policies related to this topic. This research used content analysis to analyze institutional documents (Institutional Development Plans (2004-2017) and Management Reports (2000-2014)); semi-structured interviews (Director of International Relations, Coordinator of programs and actions related to the mobility of students, Head of the Department of Education and Dean of Research and Graduate Studies); information pertaining to the theme from the university’s website and events held in the Campus of the institution. Data were analyzed using the procedures prescribed for this type of analysis with the establishment of three categories: concepts, strategies and actions. Based on the foregoing, in terms of synthesis, could be understood that increasing the participation of UTFPR on the international scene has always been linked to the institution’s policies and goals, yet without an political institutional plan without objectives, strategies and goals established systematically. In the case of the conception of the internationalization of UTFPR it was realized that the theme currently gained more focus and greater coverage in the institution. In this context, Ciência Sem Fronteiras program contributed to, giving greater visibility to UTFPR on the world stage. From then on, specific strategies and actions are being developed in seeking internationalization under institutional perspective, of the servers, the expansion of mobility, and greater visibility of the institution in the international arena, regional integration and promotion of internationalization at the university. Overall, the management of internationalization in the institution does not have a formal project, but has specific strategies and actions seeking their expansion. Thus, the process of internationalization in UTFPR presents itself in an early stage, with strategies and actions seeking to expand the international dimension in the institution who takes singular importance to its expansion and consolidation.

A regionalização como instrumento de governança pública em saúde no estado do Paraná: análise dos vazios assistenciais como subsídio à ação do estado

Everyone has a right to health and the State’s duty is to provide it. SUS (unified health system) main principles are universalization, integrality and equality which are based on the decentralization, regionalization and hierarchization directives and shows the importance of a territorial perspective for planning healthcare actions. Decentralization was the strategy chosen to implant SUS, since municipalities were in charge of providing and organizing the municipal healthcare services. Nevertheless regionalization, that’s to say service, institution and practice integration, was not performed satisfactorily, thus jeopardizing the health system decision making process and causing disputes between municipalities over financial resources instead of developing an interdependent and cooperative net. This way, it is important to analyze if health regionalization has a good potential for being used as public governance tool. The present study aims at giving answers to the following research problem: What are the contributions of regionalism to the State of Paraná public governance applied to health? Besides that, it also aims at assessing the State of Parana health regionalization to identify healthcare gaps and help the State actions through public governance principles applied to healthcare. Therefore, the study used a quantitative-qualitative, exploratory and descriptive research, plus secondary data concerning bibliographic and documental research. The present study analyzed the current hospital bed distribution by compared to the ideal distribution allowing the identification of healthcare gaps in the regional healthcare centers, besides considering medical specialties in the State of Paraná. The study conclusion is that health regionalization is an important tool for reducing healthcare gaps concerning hospital beds permitting the use of seven to ten public governance principles applied to healthcare, as established in the present study, and shows health regionalization is an important pubic governance tool.

Características tecnológicas de espécies de pescado com potencial de criação na região sudoeste do Paraná

The fish meat has a particular chemical composition which gives its high nutritional value. However, this food is identified for being highly perishable and this aspect is often named as a barrier to fish consumption. The southwestern Paraná region, parallel to the country's reality, it is characterized by low fish consumption; and one of the strategies aimed at increasing the consumption of this important protein source is encouraging the production of other species besides tilapia. Within this context, it is necessary to know about the meat characteristics. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the technological potential of pacu, grass carp and catfish species. To do so, at first, it was discussed the chemical and biometric assessment under two distinct descriptive statistical methods, of the three species; and it was also evaluated the discriminating capacity of the study. In a second moment, an evaluation of effects done by two different processes of washing (acid and alkaline) regarding the removal of nitrogen compounds, pigments and the emulsifying ability of the proteins contained in the protein base obtained. Finally, in the third phase, it was aimed to realize the methodology optimization in GC-MS for the analysis geosmin and MIB (2-metilisoborneol) compounds that are responsible for taste/smell of soil and mold in freshwater fish. The results showed a high protein and low lipid content for the three species. The comparison between means and medians revealed symmetry only for protein values and biometric measurements. Lipids, when evaluated only by the means, overestimate the levels for all species. Correlations between body measurements and fillet yield had low correlation, regardless of the species analyzed, and the best prediction equation relates the total weight and fillet weight. The biometric variables were the best discriminating among the species. The evaluation of the washings, it was found that the acidic and basic processes were equally (p ≥ 0.05) efficient (p ≤ 0.05) for the removal of nitrogen compounds on the fish pulps. Regarding the extraction of pigments, a removal efficiency was recorded only for the pacu species, the data were assessed by the parameters L *, a *, b *. When evaluated by the total color difference (ΔE) before and after washing for both processes (acid/alkaline) the ΔE proved feasible perceived by naked eye for all species. The catfish was characterized as the fish that presents the clearest meat with the basic washing considered the most effective in removing pigments for this species. Protein bases obtained by alkaline washes have higher emulsifying capacity (p ≤ 0.05) when compared to unwashed and washed in acid process pulps. The methodology applied for the quantification of MIB and geosmin, allowed to establish that the method of extraction and purification of analytes had low recovery and future studies should be developed for identification and quantification of MIB and geosmin on fish samples.

Implementação de programas de educação ambiental nas escolas municipais de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil

O presente trabalho pretende analisar a implementação dos programas de Educação Ambiental nas escolas de ensino fundamental, da Rede Municipal de Ensino Público, do Município de Curitiba, no estado do Paraná, Brasil. Esta análise tem por objeto de estudo as ações desenvolvidas pelas escolas, no que se refere às condições de saúde e bem-estar, a partir do que estabelecem os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. Buscou-se compreender como os conteúdos definidos por ‘temas transversais' propiciam a constituição de um espaço de transformação em nível municipal. Este trabalho se constrói com base em discussões sobre o conhecimento produzido na área de Educação Ambiental e pelo levantamento de informações por meio de entrevistas e questionários junto aos profissionais ligados aos órgãos municipais responsáveis e às escolas. A análise realizada demonstrou que os projetos implementados vêm surtindo efeito positivo sobre as transformações dos pensamentos relativos às questões ambientais, sofrendo descontinuidades devido às mudanças nas gestões políticas. ABSTRACT; This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Environment Education Programs in the schools of the Municipal Public Education Network, in the City of Curitiba, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The object study on this analysis is the actions developed by the schools, referring the conditions of health and well-being, from what is established by the National Curricular Parameters. We try to understand how the contents defined for 'transversal subjects' can propitiate the constitution of a space of transformation in municipal level. This work is built on discussion about the knowledge produced in the area of Environment Education besides the survey of informations through interviews and questionnaires with professionals connected to the responsible offices and the schools. This analysis demonstrated that the implemented projects is causing positive effects on the transformations of the relative thoughts to the environment questions, come suffering discontinuities due to the changes in the managements politics. RESUMEN; Este proyecto tiene por objetivo examinar la implementación de los programas de educación ambiental en las escuelas de educación básica de la Red Municipal de Educación Pública, en la ciudad de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. El objeto de estudio de la análisis son las medidas adoptadas por las escuelas, con respecto a la salud y el bienestar, de acuerdo con lo establecido por los Parámetros Curriculares Nacionales. Tratamos de comprender como el contenido, tal como se define por "temas transversales" puede ofertar un espacio de transformación en el nivel municipal. Este trabajo se basa en los debates de los conocimientos producidos en el ámbito de la educación ambiental y por las informaciones planteadas a través de entrevistas y cuestionarios con los profesionales de los departamentos responsables y en las escuelas. El análisis mostró que los proyectos ejecutados han tenido efecto positiva en la transformación de ideas sobre cuestiones ambientales, sufriendo discontinuidades debidas a cambios en las gestiones políticas.

Desenvolvimento e caracterização do queijo Santo Giorno, típico do sudoeste do Paraná, produzido com leite cru e fermento endógeno

Two cheese formulations made from raw milk and endogenous yeasts with 30, 60 and 180 days of maturation in two dairy Paraná Southwest were studied to evaluate their quality through physical, physical-chemical, microbiological and sensorial characteristics, as one of the stages of development of a typical regional cheese. The production was accompanied from designing the flowchart processing, where the samples were collected to perform the analysis of proteins, lipids, moisture, ash, carbohydrates, total solids, fat in dry matter, calories; water activity, instrumental texture (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, resiliency and chewiness), instrumental color (CIE Lab); microbiological quality was assessed searching for total and thermotolerant coliforms, coagulase positive staphylococci and Salmonella spp.; the acceptance related to sensory characteristics of color, appearance, flavor, texture, taste and purchase intent was evaluated through the structured hedonic scale. This research contributed information relevant to the production process, such as the realization of the viability in freeze-drying lactic acid bacteria yeast isolated from milk in the Southwestern Mesoregion of Parana and the results of the analysis of the cheese showed similarity between formulations, regarding the physical, physical-chemical characterization, moreover good microbiological quality, where the differences between samples of dairy products were not perceived by sensory panelists. Adjustments in standardization related to technological quality control is an extremely important factor for the success of dairy companies and small producers involved in the project and that they have the option of producing the Santo Giorno, a fine cheese, with the great advantage of adding features of region, with high standard of sanitary conditions and with great consumer acceptance of indicative.

Breves consideraciones sobre la mistanasia y el caso del Hospital Universitario Evangélico de Curitiba, estado de Paraná, Brasil

Con frecuencia, los profesionales de la salud se encuentran limitados a continuar con el tratamiento de sus pacientes, debido a las condiciones estructurales de los hospitales públicos, como la cantidad de camas, la calidad del material hospitalario, la calificación de los propios profesionales públicos, entre otras. En este sentido el artículo tiene como objetivo presentar la negligencia con los derechos de la personalidad y principios fundamentales en el sistema de salud público brasileño, señalando la necesidad de políticas públicas para la mejora del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS, Sistema Único de Saúde en portugués), precisamente en las fallas de su sistema, tomando como ejemplo la banalización de la vida por un médico del Hospital Evangélico de Curitiba, Estado de Paraná. Con este ejemplo se buscó presentar también el verdadero sentido de la eutanasia, y su evolución en la historia de la humanidad, distinguiendo la práctica que se llevó acabo en el Hospital Evangélico de Curitiba, que fue presentado por los medios de comunicación de todo el mundo como el caso de la eutanasia en Brasil. El enfoque del tema es de suma importancia para la bioética, porque tiene como objeto permitir una mejor reflexión sobre el problema y sus posibles soluciones.

ESTRUTURA DO COMPONENTE DE REGENERAÇÃO NATURAL E ARBÓREO DE DOIS MANGUEZAIS NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ

Esse estudo avaliou comparativamente os parâmetros fitossociológicos da regeneração natural e da vegetação arbórea em dois manguezais distintos no Estado do Paraná, um pertencente à Baía de Paranaguá (manguezal de Antonina) e outro à Baía de Guaratuba (manguezal de Guaratuba). Em cada área, três subáreas foram marcadas e amostradas cinco parcelas de 10 x 10 m para avaliação do componente arbóreo e quinze subparcelas de 1 x 1 m para avaliação da regeneração natural. Avicennia schaueriana , Rhizophora mangle e Laguncularia racemosa exibiram domínio e densidade relativa distintos entre as áreas. Manguezais de Antonina e Guaratuba diferiram tanto na estrutura da regeneração natural como no componente arbóreo. A Análise de Coordenadas Principais (PCoA) mostrou que as diferenças entre as áreas em relação às variáveis abióticas do solo estão fortemente relacionadas com os parâmetros estruturais do componente arbóreo dos manguezais. Os fatores edáficos dos manguezais têm grande importância na separação entre as áreas, já que reflete na capacidade de adaptação das plantas.

EVOLUÇÃO ESTRUTURAL DE BRACATINGAIS DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE CURITIBA, PARANÁ, BRASIL

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a evolução estrutural de espécies arbóreas em bracatingais, ao longo de vinte anos. A bracatinga ( Mimosa scabrella Benth.) é a espécie pioneira, de vida curta, que caracteriza os bracatingais. Sob as bracatingas forma-se um sub-bosque com outras espécies arbóreas, que vai assumindo o lugar da bracatinga com o passar dos anos e que é tratado como se fosse lenha da própria bracatinga, quando a área é cortada a cada 7 anos e a regeneração da bracatinga é novamente induzida com o uso do fogo. O processo de sucessão em bracatingais ainda não foi estudado e é útil identificar a idade em que as demais espécies passam a dominar o bracatingal. Trabalhou-se com 320 parcelas, distribuídas em bracatingais com idades variando de 3 a 20 anos, medidas entre 1998 e 2011. Foram medidos os DAP (diâmetro a altura do peito) e altura total de todas as espécies com DAP ≥ 5 cm. Observou-se que, aos 11 anos, o conjunto das espécies supera a bracatinga em número de indivíduos e aos 19 anos as espécies arbóreas já apresentam uma distribuição diamétrica semelhante ao de uma floresta em fase mais avançada. De forma geral observou-se que, após os 10 anos de idade, um bracatingal já começa a tomar forma de um capoeirão.