Flora of Jamaica, containing descriptions of the flowering plants known from the island, by William Fawcett and Alfred Barton Rendle.

1

Flora of Jamaica, containing descriptions of the flowering plants known from the island, by William Fawcett and Alfred Barton Rendle.

3

Flora of Jamaica, containing descriptions of the flowering plants known from the island, by William Fawcett and Alfred Barton Rendle.

5

Hortus Jamaicensis, or A botanical description (according to the Linnean system) and an account of the virtues, &c., of its indigenous plants hitherto known, as also of the most useful exotics. Compiled from the best authorities, and alphabetically arranged.

1

Hortus Jamaicensis, or A botanical description (according to the Linnean system) and an account of the virtues, &c., of its indigenous plants hitherto known, as also of the most useful exotics. Compiled from the best authorities, and alphabetically arranged.

2

A handbook of the fungus diseases of West Indian plants.

1910

Ultrastructural characterisation of the cell wall of Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants

The plant cell wall is a strong fibrillar network that gives each cell its stable shape. It is constituted by a network of cellulose microfibrils embedded in a matrix of polysaccharides, such as xyloglucans. To enlarge, cells selectively loosen this network. Moreover, there is a pectin-rich intercellular material, the middle lamella, cementing together the walls of adjacent plant cells. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are a group of enzymes involved in the reorganisation of the cellulose-xyloglucan framework by catalysing cleavage and re-ligation of the xyloglucan chains in the plant cell wall, and are considered cell wall loosening agents. In the laboratory, it has been isolated and characterised a XTH gene, ZmXTH1, from an elongation root cDNA library of maize. To address the cellular function of ZmXTH1, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants over-expressing ZmXTH1 (under the control of the CaMV35S promoter) were generated. The aim of the work performed was therefore the characterisation of these transgenic plants at the ultrastructural level, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The detailed cellular phenotype of transgenic plants was investigated by comparing ultra-thin transverse sections of basal stem of 5-weeks old plants of wild type (Col 0) and 35S-ZmXTH1 Arabidopsis plants. Transgenic plants show modifications in the cell walls, particularly a thicker middle lamella layer with respect the wild type plants, supporting the idea that the overexpression of ZmXTH1 could imply a pronounced wall-loosening. In sum, the work carried out reinforces the idea that ZmXTH1 is involved in the cell wall loosening process in maize.  

Multiplicación, adaptación y utilización de especies autóctonas con interés ornamental y paisajístico

En el momento de plantearnos la necesidad de abordar éste proyecto, partíamos de una situación en la que el Sector Ornamental contribuia de manera significativa a la economía agraria y comercial en España, ocupando una posición relevante en la horticultura española. Su valor económico alcanzó en 1998 el 4,4% de la Producción Vegetal Final, generando alrededor de 31.000 empleos y contribuyendo de manera significativa a la balanza comercial agraria vegetal (Gutiérrez, 1999 y datos facilitados por el M.A.P.A. y la FEPEX). La producción, el comercio y el consumo de los productos de la horticultura ornamental que en el año 2000 giraba en torno a la flor cortada, que representaba el 61% de su valor económico a nivel nacional (Arcas y Romero, 2000), se preveia que fuera evolucionando en los próximos años años a favor de la planta de maceta, tanto la de flor como la destinada a jardinería y/o restauración del paisaje. De hecho, la posición competitiva de España en el mercado comunitario es debido a algunas ventajas, como son: - Diferentes zonas de producción con distintas características edafoclimáticas. - La luminosidad y la T son factores que favorecen la producción. El espectacular incremento de las obras de jardinería y restauración paisajística de promoción tanto pública como privada en los años anteriores al planteamiento del proyecto, estaba suponiendo para el sector un aumento del volumen de negocio que, previsiblemente iba a continuar en años sucesivos. El objetivo general del proyecto era la domesticación de especies autóctonas de las regiones de clima mediterráneo de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares con la finalidad de favorecer la innovación y la diversificación de la oferta en las distintas utilizaciones ornamental y paisajística, contribuyendo a mantener la biodiversidad y sostenibilidad. Para argumentar el uso de nuestra flora autóctona se hacen necesarios estudios para la selección de los posibles ecotipos en función de su variabilidad morfológica y fenológica, para la optimización de su biología reproductiva y para la adaptación de la especie a los distintos aprovechamientos ornamentales y de restauración del paisaje.

Species distribution models reveal apparent competitive and facilitative effects of a dominant species on the distribution of tundra plants

Abiotic factors are considered strong drivers of species distribution and assemblages. Yet these spatial patterns are also influenced by biotic interactions. Accounting for competitors or facilitators may improve both the fit and the predictive power of species distribution models (SDMs). We investigated the influence of a dominant species, Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum, on the distribution of 34 subordinate species in the tundra of northern Norway. We related SDM parameters of those subordinate species to their functional traits and their co-occurrence patterns with E. hermaphroditum across three spatial scales. By combining both approaches, we sought to understand whether these species may be limited by competitive interactions and/or benefit from habitat conditions created by the dominant species. The model fit and predictive power increased for most species when the frequency of occurrence of E. hermaphroditum was included in the SDMs as a predictor. The largest increase was found for species that 1) co-occur most of the time with E. hermaphroditum, both at large (i.e. 750 m) and small spatial scale (i.e. 2 m) or co-occur with E. hermaphroditum at large scale but not at small scale and 2) have particularly low or high leaf dry matter content (LDMC). Species that do not co-occur with E. hermaphroditum at the smallest scale are generally palatable herbaceous species with low LDMC, thus showing a weak ability to tolerate resource depletion that is directly or indirectly induced by E. hermaphroditum. Species with high LDMC, showing a better aptitude to face resource depletion and grazing, are often found in the proximity of E. hermaphroditum. Our results are consistent with previous findings that both competition and facilitation structure plant distribution and assemblages in the Arctic tundra. The functional and co-occurrence approaches used were complementary and provided a deeper understanding of the observed patterns by refinement of the pool of potential direct and indirect ecological effects of E. hermaphroditum on the distribution of subordinate species. Our correlative study would benefit being complemented by experimental approaches.