987 resultados para Oppenheim, Moritz DanielOppenheim, Moritz DanielMoritz DanielOppenheimasn1882


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Moritz Stern

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Moritz Stern

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Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) are among the most abundant phospholipids in biological membranes. In many eukaryotes, the CDP-ethanolamine and CDP-choline branches of the Kennedy pathway represent major and often essential routes for the production of PE and PC, with ethanolamine and choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferases (EPT and CEPT, respectively) catalysing the last reactions in the respective pathways. Although the site of PE and PC synthesis is commonly known to be the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), detailed information on the localization of the different phosphotransferases is lacking. In the unicellular parasite, Trypanosoma brucei, both branches of the Kennedy pathway are essential for cell growth in culture. We have previously reported that T. brucei EPT (TbEPT) catalyses the production of ether-type PE molecular species while T. brucei CEPT (TbCEPT) synthesizes diacyl-type PE and PC molecular species. We now show that the two enzymes localize to different sub-compartments of the ER. By expressing a series of tagged forms of the two enzymes in T. brucei parasites, in combination with sub-cellular fractionation and enzyme activity measurements, TbEPT was found exclusively in the perinuclear ER, a distinct area located close to but distinct from the nuclear membrane. In contrast, TbCEPT was detected in the bulk ER.

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Boberach: Die Forderung des Wiener Sicherheitsausschusses, Windischgrätz abzusetzen, wird zurückgewiesen, die Verurteilung von Prager Aufständischen durch die Provisorische Untersuchungskommission gerechtfertigt. Den Ultraradikalen in Wien wird vorgeworfen, daß sie nicht merken, als Mittel zum Zweck mißbraucht zu werden, damit das Deutschtum im Slawentum aufgehen kann, [sowie] Polen, Tschechen und Italiener die Monarchie ruinieren können. Wer eine deutsche Flotte will, darf von Österreich nicht verlangen, Venedig und Italien aufzugeben

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Boberach: Unter den Verfassern der 148 Lieder sind de la Motte Fouqué, Fontane, Arndt, Moritz Graf Strachwitz, Körner

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Boberach: Ein Rückblick auf die deutsche Geschichte lehrt, daß ein Oberhaus der Könige und Fürsten neben dem Volksparlament stehen muß. Auch der Kaiser vertritt das Volk. Der König von Preußen soll Kaiser werden. - Wentzke: Rückblick auf die deutsche Geschichte. Neben dem deutschen Volksparlament muß ein Oberhaus von Königen und Fürsten stehen. Endlich ein Kaiser als Vertreter des Volkes gegenüber dem Ausland und als vollziehende Gewalt, und zwar - der König von Preußen

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Boberach: Selbst in einer republikanischen Verfassung braucht der Adel, der seine historischen Verdienste hat, nicht abgeschafft zu werden. In der Polendebatte wollte Arndt die Teilungen mit dem Schutz vor Rußland begründen und dem Wahn wehren, die Polen könnten Deutschland vor Rußland schützen. Alle 10 Jahre sollen vom Parlament 10 Männer gewählt werden, die "über die geistigen, sittlichen, politischen Zustände" berichten und Vorschläge zu gesetzlichen Änderungen machen sollen. - Wentzke: S. 17 ff. Aus der Kölnischen Zeitung vom 28. März 1848: Verlangt ein deutsches Unterhaus und neben ihm ein Oberhaus der Fürsten. Der deutsche Kaiser und König hat 1. im Volks- und Fürstenparlament die Oberstimme wie auch in der Vertretung nach Außen, 2. unbeschränkten Befehl über Heer und Flotte. Im Frieden hat jeder Fürst in seinem Staat völlig selbständige Verwaltung und Heeresbefehl. S. 39 ff. Antrag vom 18. Juli 1848: Verlangt alle 10 Jahre Ernennung von Zensoren zur Untersuchung der geistigen, sittlichen und politischen Zustände Deutschlands. Der Reichsverweser soll die Macht und Majestät des Volkes darstellen, aber "sie blüht nur in Reichstagsbeschlüssen, es fehlt ihr Fleisch und Bein". Hinweis dagegen auf Preußen

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Welsch (Projektbearbeiter): Rechenschaftslegung des Berliner Verlagsbuchhändlers und Zeitungsverlegers Veit über seine politische Arbeit in der Frankfurter Nationalversammlung (18. Mai 1848 - 20. Mai 1849)

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Enth.: 1. Die Wiener Märtyrer. 2. Die symbolischen Bücher. 3. Traumbuch für Michel. 4. Eljen Kossuth! 5. Apostel und Apostaten

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Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized into membrane-bound organelles in order to provide sheltered reaction rooms for various specific processes. Organelles are not randomly distributed in a cell or operate isolated from each other. At the contrary — some organelles are closely linked and their functions are tightly orchestrated. The most well-known example of two such organelles acting in concert are the ER and the mitochondrion that work together in order to coordinate cellular lipid biosynthesis, maintain Ca2+-homeostasis, regulate mitochondrial division and control mitochondrial/ER shape as well as to synchronize the movement of these organelles within a cell. To study the mitochondrion and its interface to the ER requires a simplified mitochondrial system. African trypanosomes represent such a system. The unicellular parasite that causes devastating diseases in humans and animals has only one large mitochondrion that does not undergo fission/fusion events except for the context of cell division. Moreover, mitochondrial functions and morphology are highly regulated throughout the life cycle of the protozoan. Central to the understanding of how mitochondria control their morphology, communicate with their surroundings and manage exchange of metabolites and transport of biopolymers (proteins, RNAs) is the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM), as the MOM defines the boundary of the organelle. Recently, we have purified the MOM of T. brucei and characterized its proteome using label-free quantitative mass spectrometry for protein abundance profiling in combination with statistical analysis. Our results show that the trypanosomal MOM proteome consists of 82 proteins, two thirds of which have never been associated with mitochondria before. Among these, we identified novel factors required to regulate mitochondrial morphology and the long-elusive protein import machinery of T. brucei. A comparison with the MOM proteome of yeast defines a set of 17 common proteins that are likely present in the mitochondrial outer membrane of all eukaryotes. One of these is the Miro-GTPase Gem1. In yeast, this Ca2+-EF-Hand containing polypeptide is thought to be involved in a protein complex that physically tethers the mitochondrion to the ER. Interestingly, a putative tethering complex in mammalian cells was linked to the mitochondrial fusion/fission machinery. Thus, the concept of a protein complex-mediated connection seems to be a general and conserved feature. We are currently investigating, if such a protein complex exists in T. brucei and if the trypanosomal Gem1 protein is involved. This ER-subdomain associated with mitochondria has been termed mitochondria-associated ER-membranes or MAM. The MAM has recently been implicated to play a key role in Alzheimer’s disease. It is therefore of broad and general interest to establish other eukaryotic model systems in order to investigate the MAM-MOM connection in more detail.

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Boberach: 82 "Stammbuchblätter und Sprüche" und 11 Gedichte u.a. auf Bassermann, den Tod Friedrich von Gagerns, Auerswalds und Lichnowskys, an Leubold, "Ihr Könige gebt Acht" und "Die Kaiserfahrt" verarbeiten Arndts Erlebnisse als Parlamentarier in der Fraktion im Weidenbusch

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BACKGROUND Definitive fate of the coronary endothelium after implantation of a drug-eluting stent remains unclear, but evidence has accumulated that treatment with rapamycin-eluting stents impairs endothelial function in human coronary arteries. The aim of our study was to demonstrate this phenomenon on functional, morphological and biochemical level in human internal thoracic arteries (ITA) serving as coronary artery model. METHODS After exposure to rapamycin for 20 h, functional activity of ITA rings was investigated using the organ bath technique. Morphological analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy and evaluated by two independent observers in blinded fashion. For measurement of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) release, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and protein kinase B (PKB) (Akt) activation, Western blotting on human mammary epithelial cells-1 and on ITA homogenates was performed. RESULTS Comparison of the acetylcholine-induced relaxation revealed a significant concentration-dependent decrease to 66 ± 7 % and 36 ± 7 % (mean ± SEM) after 20-h incubation with 1 and 10 μM rapamycin. Electron microscopic evaluation of the endothelial layer showed no differences between controls and samples exposed to 10 μM rapamycin. Western blots after 20-h incubation with rapamycin (10 nM-1 μM) revealed a significant and concentration-dependent reduction of p (Ser 1177)-eNOS (down to 38 ± 8 %) in human mammary epithelial cells (Hmec)-1. Furthermore, 1 μM rapamycin significantly reduced activation of p (Ser2481)-mTOR (58 ± 11 %), p (Ser2481)-mTOR (23 ± 4 %) and p (Ser473)-Akt (38 ± 6 %) in ITA homogenates leaving Akt protein levels unchanged. CONCLUSIONS The present data suggests that 20-h exposure of ITA rings to rapamycin reduces endothelium-mediated relaxation through down-regulation of Akt-phosphorylation via the mTOR signalling axis within the ITA tissue without injuring the endothelial cell layer.

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Boberach: Behandelt werden Alexander Freiherr von Soiron, Jakob Venedey, Oskar von Wydenbrugk, Gottlieb Christian Schüler, Heinrich Freiherr von Gagern, Ernst Moritz Arndt, Carl Theodor Welcker, Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, Franz Schuselka, Friedrich Siegmund Jucho, Johann Gustav Moritz Heckscher, Felix Fürst von Lichnowsky, Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann, Anton Ritter von Schmerling, Franz Raveaux, Heinrich Simon, Johann Jacoby, Robert Blum, Johann Erzherzog von Österreich, Louis Cavaignac, Friedrich Hecker, Friedrich von Wrangel, Joseph Wenzel Graf Radetzky, Joseph Freiherr Jellachich von Buszin, Hermann Rollett, Alphonse de Lamartine, Georg Jung, Louis Napoleon, Ernst Alfred Fürst zu Windischgrätz, Ferdinand Freiligrath, Ludwig Kossuth, Emanuel Geibel