Kipus: revista andina de letras. 11 (Reseñas)

Presenta las reseñas de los siguientes libros: Marcelo Báez, TIERRA DE NADIA, Quito: Libresa, 2000; 106 pp. -- Byron Rodríguez, BESTIARIO DE CENIZAS, 2a. ed., Quito: Eskeletra, 1999. -- Viviana Cordero, EL TEATRO DE LOS MONSTRUOS, Quito: coedición Libresa / B@ezOquendo, 2000; 310 pp. -- Fernando Cruz Kronfly, LA CARAVANA DE GARDEL. -- Jorge Dávila Vázquez, CÉSAR DÁVILA ANDRADE, COMBATE POÉTICO Y SUICIDIO, Cuenca: Universidad de Cuenca, 1999; 348 pp. -- Euler Granda, QUE TRATA DE UNOS GATOS, Quito: Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana, 1999. -- Edgar Freire, El BARRIO DE lOS PRODIGIOS (MEMORIAS DE UN NIÑO), Quito: Libresa, 1999; 178 pp. -- Jostein Gaarder, VITA BREVIS, Madrid: Siruela, 1997; 130 pp. -- Michael Handelsman, Lo AFRO Y LA PLURINACIONALIDAD: EL CASO ECUATORIANO VISTO DESDE SU LITERATURA, Mississippi: University of Mississippi, 1999; 196 pp. -- Iván Oñate, LA NADA SAGRADA, Quito: Eskeletra, 1999. -- Jorge Volpi, EN BUSCA DE KLINGSOR, Barcelona: Seix Barral, 1999. -- Rosa Montero, LA HLJA DEL CANÍBAL, Bogotá: Espasa, 1998; 338 pp. -- María E. Moscoso, LA CANCIÓN DE ROKOLA, Quito: El Conejo, 1999. -- Kenzaburo Oé, DINOS CÓMO SOBREVIVIR A NUESTRA LOCURA Barcelona: Anagrama, 1995. -- Pablo Rocca, compilador, PÁGINAS DE GUERRA (1806-1935), Montevideo: Banda Oriental, 1995; 87 pp. -- Javier Ponce, RESÍGNATE A PERDER, Quito: Seix Barral. 1998; 135 pp. -- Eduardo Rosenzvaig, LA CEPA. ARQUEOLOGÍA DE UNA CULTURA AZUCARERA, Buenos Aires: Universidad Nacional de Tucumán / Ediciones Letra Buena, 1999; tomo III, 608 pp. -- Abdón Ubidia, REFERENTES. ENSAYOS, Quito: El Conejo / UASB / Abya-Yala, 2000; 195 pp.

Cristianización del Imaginario y religiosidad de los Indios de Puerto Viejo durante la Colonia

El espíritu de esta investigación es el de desentrañar el proceso dinámico a través del cual se conjugaron la religión y religiosidad occidental cristiana con la religiosidad de los aborígenes en una zona periférica de los Andes Septentrionales. Conocer qué características particulares modelaron estos indios en el contexto de la América andina colonial. A su vez, relacionar esa dimensión cultural, con las prácticas concretas de supervivencia que se realizaban en un lugar dado. En tanto que el período cubierto en nuestro trabajo es el de la Colonia, el espacio concreto es el Partido de Puerto Viejo, perteneciente a la antigua provincia de Guayaquil, ubicada en la costa de los Andes Septentrionales. La tesis está estructurada en función de una cronología de la interacción cultural. El primer capítulo aborda el momento del encuentro/conquista, pero no desde la perspectiva de los hechos, sino de los imaginarios de los europeos y los aborígenes. A través de cada uno de los cronistas europeos, mestizos e indios que dejaron su testimonio sobre Puerto Viejo, buscamos penetrar en su mundo interior para conocer qué tipos de mitos usan para decodificar la nueva realidad de la Mar del Sur, cuyo primer territorio asequible es Puerto Viejo. Luego, qué reconfiguración se producen en sus categorías mentales a causa del impacto de la otra realidad hallada, en el caso de los cronistas occidentales. A través de un segundo capítulo buscamos ubicarnos en la otra orilla y establecer cuáles son los rasgos esenciales de la religiosidad de los indios de Puerto Viejo, vigentes en el momento de la Conquista, tarea aún más compleja que la anterior, porque para ello debemos utilizar los mismos testimonios de los cronistas europeos, aunque apelamos también al de los mestizos e indígenas, los cuales, sin embargo, estás más relacionados con la cultura Inca. En el tercer capítulo tratamos el aspecto del impacto cultural de la Conquista, la iniciación del proceso de evangelización, extirpación y sustitución de idolatrías; introducción de las doctrinas, cultos y otras instituciones religiosas; y finalmente la práctica de rituales. En suma, es en esta parte donde intentamos conocer el carácter de la transición e interacción cultural y qué tipo de religiosidad se deriva de ello en los indios. En un capítulo final analizamos las dimensiones concretas en donde se desenvuelve la religiosidad de los indios de Puerto Viejo. Operamos la relación entre este espacio real biodiverso, donde está la geografía sagrada y las prácticas indígenas para la supervivencia, es decir, las relaciones de producción, extracción, comercio y poder. Así mismo, esas prácticas para la supervivencia nos llevaron a tratar el tema del sistema de saberes que también se inserta en la tupida red que constituye la cultura de los indios de Puerto Viejo. El aspecto de los imaginarios religiosos y luego, la religiosidad misma de los indios de Puerto Viejo durante la Colonia, se tropieza con el problema de las fuentes primarias. No obstante se puede apelar a los cronistas tempranos, entre los cuales utilizamos a los de origen hispano – soldados, sacerdotes y escribanos oficiales -, y a los de origen indígena y mestizo. Varios de ellos mencionan brevemente el momento del primer encuentro y Conquista de Puerto Viejo. Utilizamos también informes oficiales y crónicas tardías para hallar respuestas sobre los siglos XVI, XVII y XVIII. Analizamos igualmente, documentos del Archivo de la Diócesis de Cuenca, que por lo demás, no están catalogados, así como algunas copias de originales que permanecen en La Casa de Horacio de Portoviejo. Así mismo, tomamos eventualmente transcripciones parciales de documentos primarios que aparecen en otros trabajos y cuyos originales no están localizados en los archivos oficiales.

Kipus: revista andina de letras. 33 (Reseñas)

Presenta las reseñas de los siguientes libros: Germán Ferro Medina (coord.), Árboles ciudadanos en la memoria y en el paisaje de Bogotá, Bogotá, Instituto Distrital de Patrimonio Cultural, 2010, 248 pp. -- Iván Oñate, La nada sagrada, Quito, Mayor Books, 2010, 2a. ed. -- Marcelo Báez, Catador de arenas, Quito, Libresa, 2010, 187 pp. -- Vicente Robalino, El animal de la costumbre, Quito, El Tábano, 2010. -- Carlos Vallejo, Oficio de navegantes Quito, Ministerio de Cultura, 2010, 66 pp. -- Raúl Vallejo, El alma en los labios, Quito, Gobierno de la Provincia de Pichincha, Colección Cochasquí, 2011, 3a. ed., 264 pp. -- Julio Pazos, Escritos de cordel, Quito, El tábano Ediciones, 2011, 77 pp. -- Jorge Aguilar Mora, La bella molinera, Maryland, Ediciones El Juglar, 2011, 48 pp. -- Catalina León Pesántez, El color de la razón, pensamiento crítico en las Américas, Quito, Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Sede Ecuador/ Universidad de Cuenca/Corporación Editora Nacional, 2013, 276 pp.

Insurgencia festiva en Oruro-Bolivia. Entre muertos, tolqas, "diablos", morenos y otros "demonios"

A partir de un giro epistémico en mi propio modo de reflexionar y de relacionarme con la dinámica festiva en Oruro, por la necesidad de una comprensión diferente de aquella dinámica, se ha logrado producir un itinerario a partir del cual se recoge el desplazamiento de Francisco Pizarro desde Panamá hasta Cajamarca entre 1523 y 1532. Así, se ha logrado comprender de otro modo el proceso de conquista y los dispositivos instalados para la dominación. Entonces recién fue posible mostrar la consecuencia del “Carnaval”, como encubrimiento festivo en el espacio de Oruro, conocido también como la Serranía Sagrada de los Urus. Junto con lo anterior se ha detectado procesos contestatarios a la dominación colonial, desplegados desde formas locales de producción y reproducción de la vida desde el siglo XVI, de las cuales la última y la más relevante es la insurgencia festiva del Anata Andino en el espacio festivo de Oruro que ha sido consecuencia de la acumulación política en la población indígena asentada en la región adyacente a esta ciudad. La particularidad de la temática, que aborda el proceso de instalación de la idea de “Carnaval” y la fundación de un espacio urbano apropiándose de otro y subsumiéndolo desde la Fiesta Patronal, ha servido para mostrar lo festivo y lo político de manera integral, donde lo cultural se reproduce como práctica y lo político se manifiesta como Horizonte de sentido en conflicto entre dominación y liberación.

Natal como destino turístico : um estudo das imagens (re)veladas pela mídia, pelos turistas e suas implicações educacionais e culturais

This thesis is a result of a research on Natal/RN as a tourist destination. We understand that cities are chosen as tourist destinations beyond its cartographic localization, from other dimensions of meanings that, in its set, constitute images. These images are, probably, very different of the images constructed by native and resident populations, who possess relations of identity with the place. The knowledge of the meanings that others attribute to this city as tourist destination, bring us near to the symbolic bonds established by individuals or social groups on the act of their choices, as well as bring us near to the interaction process city-tourists where the expectations are confirmed or not. The images divulgated by the media also participate of the complex formation of the tourist image that is being constructed and available for the different public, in different social contexts. The tourism constitutes a symbolic asset of the modern society, being considered by the studious, as one of the most expressive phenomena of the modernity, for involving each year displacement and the interaction of thousand of people of different cultures in the entire world. All this people s mobilization points to practical social related to personal motivations, to the entailed desired to the idea to travel and to exceed borders. It is already consensus that tourism is a phenomenon of economic growth, generating jobs, income, professional, qualification, bringing improvements for the host cities. Since 1995, in Brazil, the tourism as a sector of the economy, passed to be considered one of the national priorities, and in this perspective, the national politics of the tourism invested in infrastructure of Brazilian cities with high tourist potential, objecting to increase the flows of Brazilian and foreign tourists. Owing to this fact, the country still invests in programs of tourist marketing, mainly divulging the images of the natural beauties of Brazil abroad. And for Brazilians, the campaigns appeal to rescue the feeling to be Brazilian, associating the idea to travel and know its country. Natal city possesses an excellent positioning in the tourist marketing, being predominantly divulgated in national and international level, for its naturalistic singularity, where the images of its natural enchantments as warm water beaches, white dunes, warm weather, constant breeze and an always blue sky are shown as the favorite scene on this city. From what was viewed above that the choice of a tourist destination articulates from a determined imaginary of a place, already constructed or in process of construction, we consider the knowledge of this imaginary a basic learning for the population of the city and especially, for educators, in the formation of professionals in this area and for tourism managers, elaborators of public politics. Based on this estimative, we developed this research that had as a general objective to identify the images that illustrate Natal city as a tourist destination - our objective of study, particularly the meanings and senses attributed by the tourist marketing (hotel s folders) and by the tourists that visited the city during this study. The discussions and reflections that had guided this research had been given from the theoretical link between imaginary and social representation, also considering some interfaces between the fields of communication and symbol. From the studied authors, Baczko (1985) clarifies that the study of social imaginary is directed for the mechanisms and structures of the social life, especially for the intervention accomplishes and efficient of the representations and symbols in the practical collectives, as well as in its direction and orientation . Following this same thought, Moscovici (1978) says that the social representation are produced in communicational and symbolic contexts, and these representations once that already constituted circulate socially as almost tangible entities. Based on this fundament and on the analyze of Barthes (1990), particularly in the approach given to the reading of photographic image, we could observe on hotel s folders that each page evidences senses and meanings of functionality of internal and external spaces, pointing to the way of leisure offered by the keepers of city which is the hotels. About, the leisure that they offer, it is directed to young public, giving meaning to the young myth of personalized leisure tourism on children, young and adults images. The image about security that hotels offer and the singular image of Natal city as a paradise place, provide an idealization of pleasure through the sun, dunes, and beaches and also due to the hospitability of the natives who are assigned as educated . For the tourist that participated on this research, Natal city is tied only by the imaginary of leisure and nature which constitute the emotional link of the relation media-city-tourist. And with such force and fullness of directions the city discloses without tensions and contradictions as a place protected by a mythical and sacred aura. The study also demonstrates us that the potiguar culture remains (almost) forgotten, due to the silenced in this imaginary. In this perspective, we highlight that this culture silence is very close related to the disvalue of education in its general meaning. We defend that the imaginary apprehended constitutes a new reading and a new looking and understanding the tourist reality that comes historically consolidating in this city. In this direction, we glimpse that this study and its future dismemberments can collaborate with the process of rescue the cultural values of the potiguar people, in the way that the meaning of tourist may be redefined, and the tourist image of the city can be also disclosed for its identities particularities of its culture

Historical aspects of Belly Dance and its practice in Brazil

Dance is regarded as one of the oldest art forms, which is based on evidence from prehistoric paintings found in caves; man expressed himself through body language prior to the development of spoken and written forms of communication. Dance was then used during important events, common to their era and culture, and often in religious rituals, to ensure good harvests - their economic activity. Belly-dance appeared approximately eight thousand years B. C. E. as a sacred dance firstly practiced by priestesses, and after that, it was popularized amongst women from Mesopotamia. Virtually considered an ancient form of physical exercise, it is still practiced by Bedouin women as a preparation for spontaneous delivery. In Brazil, belly-dance is widely practiced and our corporal culture enables its learning and improvement, resulting in professional dancers.

Identidades y sentido de pertenencia y sus tensiones contemporáneas para la cohesión social: ¿del derrotero a las raíces y

Incluye Bibliografía

Um estudo sobre elementos matemáticos presentes na narrativa da descrição do Templo de Jerusalém

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Mistagogia da música ritual católica romana: estudo teórico-metodológico

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Nos passos dos congos

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Qualidade de compostos orgânicos produzidos com resíduos do processamento de plantas medicinais

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Sobre o brilhante efeito: história e narrativa visual na Amazônia em Antônio Parreiras (1905 – 1908)

A tela A Conquista do Amazonas de Antônio Parreiras procura representar o domínio lusitano sobre os povos amazônicos, demonstrando a soberania do branco, fato este essencial para o início da república brasileira. Neste caso, o quadro é uma tentativa de reviver as grandes conquistas lusitanas, utilizando-se de uma analogia, como se a implantação Republicana ganhasse uma dimensão grandiosa, característica das conquistas europeias do período colonial. Portanto, ter um fato passado, capaz de gerar uma unidade, era considerado essencial à formação de uma nação. Sendo caracterizada como um princípio espiritual; considerada sagrada e baseada em um passado heroico. Neste caso, a nação era uma solidariedade em larga escala, constituída da percepção dos sacrifícios feitos no passado. O artista desempenhou um papel fundamental, buscando as origens da existência da nação, imaginando-a, de modo a apresentá-la aos cidadãos, confrontando-os, mesmo nos locais mais distantes da nação.

A eloquência no pensamento político de Thomas Hobbes

A presente pesquisa propõe-se a analisar os pressupostos teóricos que servem de apoio para Hobbes fundamentar a sua ciência civil, a qual aparentemente denotaria certa contradição quanto ao fato de ele lançar mão da eloquência enquanto arte da retórica implicitamente nos Elementos da Lei e no Do cidadão ao alinhar parte da bíblia sagrada à obediência civil. Ao mesmo tempo em que claramente o autor nas obras citadas acima condena o referido aspecto da eloquência, paradoxalmente, nas suas duas obras políticas posteriores, Leviatã e Behemoth, Hobbes lança mão explicitamente desta, chegando à conclusão de que ela é necessária como força coadjuvante da razão para conformar as paixões humanas na obediência civil.

As construções de identidades nacionais: as óticas poéticas de Agostinho Neto e Fernando Pessoa

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

Algumas reflexões sobre a condição da mulher brasileira da colônia às primeiras décadas do século XX

This article, about reflections on the condition of Brazilian women from the Colony to the first decades of the twentieth century, reveals the historical position of them and the attitudes and behaviors related to gender and sexuality. Subdued, it was treated as a sexual object, arousing all sorts of misogyny by men. Rebel, veiled or ostensibly, could serve their own desires. Throughout history, the Church and medical institutions which jointly accounted for, significantly, established the meaning and place of women. In Colony period, the woman is a ward from the Catholic ideology, but from the nineteenth century, after Independence, this power control arises to Medicine. The physician submits the religious discourse, naturalizing the status of women as one that breeds, namely the insertion of the medical issues of family scientifically legitimate colonial patriarchy. This is accentuated in the early twentieth century, when medicine consolidated setting standards and rules for marriage, to motherhood and family life. We note how the feminine universe was (and it is nowadays) ambivalent, with "one foot" in virtue and another in sin, with a tendency to contain and another to trespass. On the one hand we have the home and motherhood, validated in marriage, in which the woman is cared for and dependent on her husband. Reflecting on the motherhood of Virgin Mary, comes to the sacred dimension of the idealized woman saint by the Church. At the same time, however, feels the need for freedom, identity and independence, needing to give a voice to the desire to have their sexuality and all that it is due in full. The manifestation of the desire and the call for sexual satisfaction, and put in permanent conflict personal, psychological and social split between moral entrenched across generations and cultural transformations resulting from decades of the 20th Century.