The Definition of Curriculum Areas in Occupational Health Psychology

Across the international educational landscape, numerous higher education institutions (HEIs) offer postgraduate programmes in occupational health psychology (OHP). These seek to empower the next generation of OHP practitioners with the knowledge and skills necessary to advance the understanding and prevention of workplace illness and injury, improve working life and promote healthy work through the application of psychological principles and practices. Among the OHP curricula operated within these programmes there exists considerable variability in the topics addressed. This is due, inter alia, to the youthfulness of the discipline and the fact that the development of educational provision has been managed at the level of the HEI where it has remained undirected by external forces such as the discipline’s representative bodies. Such variability makes it difficult to discern the key characteristics of a curriculum which is important for programme accreditation purposes, the professional development and regulation of practitioners and, ultimately, the long-term sustainability of the discipline. This chapter has as its focus the imperative for and development of consensus surrounding OHP curriculum areas. It begins by examining the factors that are currently driving curriculum developments and explores some of the barriers to such. It then reviews the limited body of previous research that has attempted to discern key OHP curriculum areas. This provides a foundation upon which to describe a study conducted by the current authors that involved the elicitation of subject matter expert opinion from an international sample of academics involved in OHP-related teaching and research on the question of which topic areas might be considered important for inclusion within an OHP curriculum. The chapter closes by drawing conclusions on steps that could be taken by the discipline’s representative bodies towards the consolidation and accreditation of a core curriculum.

OfficialDiscourses in theeducationalsystems. Competencies: thenew curriculum password

The utility of knowledge has always been assumed to be one of the essential and structural questions in any educational and curriculum narrative. In fact, the utility of knowledge frames different designs for educational systems. Knowledge, as presented in public education systems, originates in the mainstream culture as an “accumulated capital for a future time or cultural ornament” (Beane, 2002, p.19). It is shaped and sequentially arranged in a compartmentalized way that often is far removed from everyday context of students. Moreover, knowledge is frequently framed as being needed for a certain or eventual future requirement. Historically there has always been a hierarchical relation within the formal structure of learning, involving contents (what), time (when), and utility (what for). The traditional difference in social status of the different kinds of knowledge and their utilities is connected with the way education emerges institutionally, as well as the demands of the economy. The concept of competence was born at the center of this tension and has been developing there, and there is must be rebuilt.

Research on the BEIC Curriculum: Unveiling What Lies Under the Tip of the Iceberg

Es un detenido análisis de la investigación The Value of Curricular lntrospection, en que se incorpora la realimentación dada por diversos participantes nacionales y extranjeros en el CILAP 2007, a quienes se les expuso los resultados iniciales de esta investigación. El estudio surgió de la disparidad de criterios entre diversos actores del BEIC, de la ELCL, respecto a la pertinencia que para la enseñanza del inglés a niños en Costa Rica tienen los principios comunicativos denominados interacción, inmersión parcial y aprendizaje por experiencia. Así, mientras diseñadores de currículo y profesores del BEIC consideraban estos principios altamente eficaces, buena parte del estudiantado que realizaba la práctica docente pensaba lo contrario.A detailed analysis is provided here of the research project titled The Value of Curricular Introspection. It also includes the feedback given by the national and foreign participants in CILAP 2007, to whom this study was presented. The investigation emerged from the diverse opinions existing among BEIC-ELCL actors regarding the pertinence of interaction, partial immersion and experiential learning communicative principies for the teaching of English to children in Costa Rica. Thus, whereas BEIC curriculum designers and professors considered these principies to be highly effective, many student-teachers in that program believe just the opposite.

Goma Curriculum, A Character Education Paradigm: Composing a Text for Shaping Classroom Character Culture

The written text, and approaches to reading it, serves well as an analogy for the classroom space as a “text” that teachers are able to compose; and students are able to read, interpret meaning(s) of, and make responses to and about (Rosenblatt, 1988). Researchers point to ways in which the classroom can be conceptualized as a text to be evoked, experienced, and read (Freire & Macedo, 1987; Powell, 2009; Rosenblatt, 1988; Spears-Bunton & Powell, 2009). The present study analyzed secondary data including: 10 transcripts of teacher talks and six self-reports retrieved from the program evaluation archives of DOR Foundation. The data described six teachers’ classroom experiences subsequent to professional development centered on Goma character education curriculum that was used during a summer youth program located in South Georgia. Goma, an acronym that stands for Goal, Objective, Method, and Attitude, is a character education paradigm derived from The Inclusive Community Building Ellison Model, the theoretical framework used for this study. The Model identifies conflict resolution as one of its five foci (Hunt, Howard, & Rice, 1998). Hunt (2006) conceived Goma as part of a 7-Step unitary process, also named the 7-Step pathway, to demonstrate how conflict resolution is accomplished within a variety of contexts. Analysis of the data involved: (a) a priori coding of teacher talks transcripts using the components of the Goma 7-Step pathway as coding categories, (b) emergent coding of teacher talks transcripts for the types of experiences teachers evidenced, and (c) emergent coding of teachers’ self-reports for categories of teachers’ instructional activities. Results of the study showed positive influence of Goma curriculum on participating teachers and their instructional practices. Teachers were shown to have had cognitive, instructional, emotional, and social experiences that were most evident when they reported changes in their attitudes toward their students, themselves, and their instructional practices. The present study provided implications for classroom teachers wherein all aspects of teachers’ instructional practices can be guided by principles of positive character; and can be used to help compose the kinds of “texts” that may likely contribute to a classroom character culture.

La función formativa de la evaluación en un curriculum integral

El tema de esta memoria es La función formativa de la evaluación en un currículum integral. Después de experimentar un proceso de autoevaluación y autorreflexión en cuanto a la propia práctica docente, emergió un mayor interés por investigar acerca del uso, conceptualización y práctica de la evaluación y el currículum en el aula. Ante tal preocupación, se fueron añadiendo otros elementos que configuran la calidad y efectividad de dichas tareas educativas. Entre otros: las realidades contextuales del aula vinculadas con un verdadero aprendizaje; las políticas educativas institucionales y de sistemas de gobiernos; la implementación de procesos evaluativos; las creencias y percepciones de los alumnos y profesores acerca de la evaluación y el currículum; el enfoque racional y puesta en acción del proyecto curricular. Tanto la función de la evaluación del aprendizaje como de la racionalidad curricular que practican los profesores tienen un impacto significativo en la calidad de los procesos formativos de enseñanza-aprendizaje, así como en la motivación y desarrollo de valores de los discentes. La realidad educativa actual pone al manifiesto ciertas incongruencias que se manifiestan en el discurso y la práctica docente en el aula, más particularmente en lo que se relaciona con la construcción y aplicación del aprendizaje en la vida, la formación de valores universales, la aplicación adecuada de la función formativa para que asista al aprendizaje y práctica docente. La literatura revisada destaca que los sistemas universitarios han asignado tradicionalmente una mayor importancia a la función sumativa de la evaluación dentro de su proyecto educativo dando oportunidad a la medición del conocimiento memorizado, antes que a la misión de promover el aprendizaje. Desde una perspectiva racional positivista técnica, la evaluación del aprendizaje ha servido como instrumento calificador cuyos resultados constituyen el criterio casi único para aprobar o desaprobar alguna materia. La realidad del aula declara que la evaluación y el currículum con funciones técnico-científicas no están ejerciendo un impacto efectivo de transformación de procesos de desarrollo, que concurran en un verdadero aprendizaje...

El concepto de educación en la legislación mexicana vigente: análisis y prospectiva, a través del modelo socioformativo de gestión del curriculum por competencias

La presente investigación articula la importancia de la conceptualización de la educación en la legislación mexicana vigente, en un análisis y prospectiva desde el Modelo socioformativo de gestión del curriculum por competencias, con diversas posiciones teóricas de mayor presencia en la teoría de enfoque pragmático que enfatiza el aprendizaje experiencial, social, situado y reflexivo de Dewey, por lo que el eje central se hará entre posiciones de la propuesta de Dewey, el Modelo Socioformativo de Gestión del Curriculum por Competencias de Fraile y Tobón, la Inteligencia Educativa de Laura Frade Rubio, el análisis del discurso pedagógico de la personalidad del maestro de Renzo Titone, la educación como un valor de Bonifacio Barba y la vocación intelectual de Sertillanges. Inicia la investigación con el diagnóstico contextualizado de la conceptualización del término educación por parte de los profesionales de la educación de la Universidad de Guanajuato (UG), lugar en el que se realizó la investigación, a través de la aplicación de un instrumento para la recolección de información que precisó algunos datos, entre ellos está que el 76.2% conceptualiza a la educación como un proceso. Así mismo, se define a la UG como promotora de desarrollo social, generadora de conocimiento a través de la investigación y preservación de la cultura, compromete a los actores de la universidad del siglo XXI a asegurar la educación y la formación necesarias para contribuir al desarrollo de la sociedad, al respeto del entorno natural y de las diversas manifestaciones de la sociedad...

South Carolina’s Arts In Basic Curriculum Project : A History 1987-2007

The Arts in Basic Curriculum (ABC) Project is a multifaceted initiative that has positively impacted arts education in South Carolina and the nation. Founded in 1987 the ABC Project has become a national model and influenced the advancement of education in and through the arts with a multitude of programs, models, and schemes. This is an overview of the full history. Parts I and II will chronicle events that were foundational to the project from inception in 1987 to the celebration of its 20th anniversary in 2007. Part III gives detailed descriptions of ten of the most important facets of the project.

The Arts in Basic Curriculum Project : Looking at the Past and Preparing for the Future

The primary findings of this evaluation are (1) that the ABC Project has built and supported a strong network that measurably strengthens arts education, and (2) for the reform to continue, there must be new initiatives. The Project has made a significant first step toward providing quality opportunities for all children in South Carolina, but the gap between the current state of arts education and the stated goal of the Project is very wide. Therefore, these new initiatives must be bold, innovative, strongly funded, and backed with the energies and passions of those in the core arts education network. The basic recommendation that subsumes all the specific recommendations in this report is to develop a data-informed strategic plan for arts education, then determine funding priorities based on this plan.

Arts in Basic Curriculum : 20-Year Anniversary Evaluation

The Arts in Basic Curriculum (ABC) Project has ensured students throughout South Carolina have a quality, comprehensive arts education for 20 years. Through funding, research, advocacy and training and technical assistance, the Project has been a model for a number of advancements in arts education. The statewide focus, the creation of arts education standards and curriculum, the success of its advocacy and its inroads on arts education assessment and integration mark the ABC Project as a significant leader in the field of arts education. At its 20th anniversary, the ABC Project engaged an independent evaluator to explore the Project’s impact at this stage of its history. This report captures the findings of this 20-year evaluation.

Expérimentation d'un modèle d'enseignement en vue d'améliorer les stratégies d'apprentissage d'étudiantes et d'étudiants engagés dans un curriculum en apprentissage par problèmes.

La révision des programmes d'études collégiaux, qui doivent dorénavant s'inscrire dans une approche par compétences, a donné lieu à des remises en question, tant au niveau des contenus de programme que des méthodes pédagogiques. C'est dans la foulée de cette réflexion, qu'en 2001, les enseignantes et enseignants du programme Soins infirmiers du cégep du Vieux Montréal, de concert avec leurs collègues des disciplines contributives de biologie, psychologie et sociologie, ont opté pour l'apprentissage par problèmes comme méthode pédagogique pour l'enseignement des connaissances déclaratives. Dans cette approche, comme son nom l'indique, l'apprentissage se réalise autour de problèmes que les étudiantes et étudiants doivent résoudre en recourant à la fois au travail de groupe et au travail individuel.

The Proces of Curriculum and Module Design

The outcome of the inductive decision -making process of the leading project management group (PMG) was the proposal to develop three modules, Human Resource Management and Knowledge Management, Quality Management and Intercultural management, each for 10 ECTS credits. As a result of the theoretical and organisational framework and analytical phase of the project, four strategies informed the development and implemen- tation of the modules: 1. Collaboration as a principle stemming from EU collaborative policy and receiving it’s expression on all implementation levels (designing the modules, modes of learning, delivering the modules, evaluation process). 2. Building on the Bologna process masters level framework to assure ap- propriate academic level of outputs. 3. Development of value -based leadership of students through transforma- tional learning in a cross -cultural setting and continual reflection of theory in practice. 4. Continual evaluation and feedback among teachers and students as a strategy to achieve a high quality programme. In the first phase of designing the modules the collaborative strategy in particular was applied, as each module was led by one university, but members from all other universities participated in the discussions and development of the mod- ules. The Bologna process masters level framework and related standards and guidelines informed the form and method of designing the modules.

El género y su articulación con la vivencia de los derechos humanos para la democracia y la paz

ResumenEste artículo pretende vincular el género con la vivencia de los derechos humanos para la democracia y la paz. Además, señala que educar en derechos humanos y género implica lavivencia de valores que permitan la convivencia positiva y pacífica entre todos y todas a partir de la solidaridad, el respeto mutuo, el trato equitativo, la empatía, la igualdad, la generosidad y la aceptación.Palabras clave: género, paz, democracia, derechos humanos, currículum. AbstractThis article aims to link gender with the experience of human rights for democracy and peace. It also notes that human rights education and gender involves the experience of values that allow positive and peaceful coexistence among everyone from the solidarity, mutual respect, equal treatment, empathy, equality, generosity and acceptance.Keywords: gender, peace, democracy, human rights, curriculum.

Participant association and emergent curriculum in a MOOC: can the community be the curriculum?

We investigated how participants associated with each other and developed community in a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) about Rhizomatic Learning (Rhizo14). We compared learner experiences in two social networking sites (SNSs), Facebook and Twitter. Our combination of thematic analysis of qualitative survey data with analysis of participant observation, activity data, archives and visualisation of SNS data enabled us to reach a deeper understanding of participant perspectives and explore SNS use. Community was present in the course title and understood differently by participants. In the absence of explanation or discussion about community early in the MOOC, a controversy between participants about course expectations emerged that created oppositional discourse. Fall off in activity in MOOCs is common and was evident in Rhizo14. As the course progressed, fewer participants were active in Facebook and some participants reported feelings of exclusion. Despite this, activity in Facebook increased overall. The top 10 most active participants were responsible for 47% of total activity. In the Rhizo14 MOOC, both community and curriculum were expected to emerge within the course. We suggest that there are tensions and even contradictions between ‘Community Is the Curriculum’ and Deleuze and Guattari's principles of the rhizome, mainly focussed on an absence of heterogeneity. These tensions may be exacerbated by SNSs that use algorithmic streams. We propose the use of networking approaches that enable negotiation and exchange to encourage heterogeneity rather than emergent definition of community.

Influence Of Cyclosporine On The Occurrence Of Nephrotoxicity After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review.

Cyclosporine, a drug used in immunosuppression protocols for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation that has a narrow therapeutic index, may cause various adverse reactions, including nephrotoxicity. This has a direct clinical impact on the patient. This study aims to summarize available evidence in the scientific literature on the use of cyclosporine in respect to its risk factor for the development of nephrotoxicity in patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A systematic review was made with the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS, SciELO and Cochrane BVS. The keywords used were: bone marrow transplantation OR stem cell transplantation OR grafting, bone marrow AND cyclosporine OR cyclosporin OR risk factors AND acute kidney injury OR acute kidney injuries OR acute renal failure OR acute renal failures OR nephrotoxicity. The level of scientific evidence of the studies was classified according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine. The final sample was composed of 19 studies, most of which (89.5%) had an observational design, evidence level 2B and pointed to an incidence of nephrotoxicity above 30%. The available evidence, considered as good quality and appropriate for the analyzed event, indicates that cyclosporine represents a risk factor for the occurrence of nephrotoxicity, particularly when combined with amphotericin B or aminoglycosides, agents commonly used in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients.