A Catálise no Brasil nos últimos 25 anos: uma história de sucesso

In the last 25 years the research in catalysis has passed from heterogeneous processes mainly applied to petrochemical industries to homogeneous processes applied to fine chemicals and green chemistry. In this context the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ) is playing an important role in the organization of this interdisciplinary area involving researches from different fields of physical sciences.

A história, evolução e crescimento da Eletroquímica: Eletroanalítica nestes últimos 25 anos

This text describes the development of Electrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry in Brazil from the pioneers at the IQ/USP in the 70's to the present day status. It explains how the members of the scientific community organized themselves before the establishment in 1993 of a specific division within the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ) through bi-ennial meetings (Brazilian Symposium of Electrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry - SIBEE). Those SIBEE meetings, in a present number of 12, are described individually giving some emphasis on their organizers, the invited speakers and the statistics and overall structure of the event. The activities of the Electrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry Division of the SBQ from 1993 are also briefly discussed as well as some considerations are made on the present and future of these fields.

Tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació al màster de formació del professorat de secundària d’Educació Física

Durant el curs 2010-11 a la Facultat d’Educació de la Universitat de Vic s’ha impartit la primera edició del Màster de Formació del Professorat d’Educació Secundària especialitat d’Educació Física. I enguany s’hi celebra la segona edició. El màster ofertat des la UVic té com a objectiu formar els futurs professionals de l’educació física de Catalunya. En aquesta formació s’inclou també la capacitació del professorat en l’ús i la relació amb les tecnologies de la comunicació i la informació (TIC)

Marcos da história da radioatividade e tendências atuais

The first days of radioactivity, the discoveries of X-rays, radioactivity, of alpha- and beta- particles and gamma- radiation, of new radioactive elements, of artificial radioactivity, the neutron and positron and nuclear fission are reviewed as well as several adverse historical marks, such as the Manhattan project and some nuclear and radiological accidents. Nuclear energy generation in Brazil and the world, as an alternative to minimize environmental problems, is discussed, as are the medicinal, industrial and food applications of ionizing radiation. The text leads the reader to reflect on the subject and to consider its various aspects with scientific and technological maturity.

Baixem de les tarimes i connectem: recerca en història medieval i innovació docent

We would like to introduce our group of research, [CONTRA TAEDIUM], created by professionals from different fields, that have contributed in this article. Our purpose is to expose our reflections based on our own experiences, not only in research, but also in teaching. We propose new forms of writing history in order to understand the dairy life of the women and men of the past, from birth to death. We would like to point out that interacting all types of sources is essential to understand our history. But, what really makes sense is to bring our students in the historical methodology and involve them in their education. Moreover, it is necessary to design new teaching materials using the new technologies, although it requires team-work and a great, but satisfying, effort

Marta Pessarrodona, traductora

Marta Pessarrodona és una de les traductores més representatives del segle XX en llengua catalana i castellana, juntament amb altres noms femenins que han cultivat l’art de la traducció com Maria Antònia Salvà, Carme Montoriol, Maria Teresa Vernet, Carme Serrallonga, Maria Aurèlia Capmany, Montserrat Abelló, Roser Berdagué, Maria Àngels Anglada, HelenaValentí, Maria Antònia Oliver, Maria Mercè-Marçal, entre d’altres. Tanmateix, per a la majoria, la tasca de torsimanys correspon a una activitat secundària per aquestes autores, en tant que prioritzen la seva faceta com a escriptores i l'ofici de la traducció sovint respon a una voluntat econòmica. De la mateixa manera, Marta Pessarrodona també ha destacat en altres camps de la literatura, concretament en la poesia, però també en l’assaig i la narració curta. Malgrat això, en tota la seva obra té intrínseca la traducció tant pel recurs d’usar paraules d’altres idiomes com també per la temàtica de les seves obres. La seva passió per les diferents llengües i cultures la porten a voler donar-les a conèixer a la nostra llengua i cultura, i per aquest motiu, té una prolífica activitat traductora, que ha restat sempre en la penombra, eclipsada per la seva activitat com a autora, principalment poeta, però també assagista, dramaturga, prologuista i articulista. L’activitat traductològica de Pessarrodona l’ha acompanyat al llarg de la seva carrera com a autora i ha publicat un llarg llistat d’obres, majoritàriament d’autores de parla anglesa, en llengua catalana i castellana. Tanmateix, tot i l’aportació tan important que ha realitzat a la nostra cultura a través de la traducció, la faceta de Marta Pessarrodona com a traductora no ha estat gaire estudiada enfront a la seva activitat com a escriptora, que gaudeix de més rellevància. És per aquest motiu que volem donar reconeixement a aquesta activitat en la qual Pessarrodona hi ha dedicat tant temps i esforç i que ens ha apropat obres cabdals de la literatura universal. Així doncs, l’objectiu principal d’aquest treball és donar a conèixer la faceta traductora de Marta Pessarrodona amb la finalitat de recuperar les veus traductològiques de la nostra història literària. Cal entendre aquesta traductora en relació amb el conjunt de la tradició literària alhora que en el context d’una geneologia femenina de la literatura que ha començat a esbossar-se d’un temps ençà.

Quinina: 470 anos de história, controvérsias e desenvolvimento

After 470 years, a history of development, international seed smuggling and scientific development that caused deep changes in our society, has reached an end. In 1638, the countess of Chinchón contracted a disease while in the Amazon rain forest and was healed by a potion used by the native inhabitants. In 1856, William H. Perkin while attempting to obtain synthetic quinine, discovered the mauveína, a molecule that changed the world. The synthesis of quinine was also the subject of a bitter controversy among two excellent scientists of the 20th century. During centuries, quinine was the only hope against malaria disease and its exploration almost extinguished the Cinchona tree.

Estratégias de pré-concentração em eletroforese capilar: parte 2. Manipulação da velocidade da fase dispersa/secundária

This work describes CE preconcentration strategies based on the effect of manipulation of the disperse/secondary velocity. Introduced by Terabe et al. in 1984, micellar electrokinetic chromatography is a powerful separation approach that increases the usage of electrokinetic phenomena for the separation of nonionic compounds. The main disadvantage of MEKC is the low concentration sensitivity associated with the limited optical path length for on-capillary photometric detection and the limited volume of sample solution that can be injected. This paper compiles on-line concentration strategies for neutral analytes by sample stacking and sweeping in micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

Irradiação de micro-ondas aplicada à síntese orgânica: uma história de sucesso no Brasil

This review article shows the publications in the field of microwave irradiation published by Brazilian researchers over the past 10 years. In South America, Brazil leads the publication of articles with the use of microwave irradiation possessing a large advantage in number of articles published over the others countries. The works were divided into four major areas: Catalysis, Reactions without Solvent, Heterocycles Chemistry, Natural Products and Other, and some could be classified in more than one category.

Efeitos da história térmica nas propriedades do polímero pet: um experimento para ensino de análise térmica

Polyethilenetherephtalate (PET) is commonly used in manufacturing of beverage bottles representing a didactic appeal in thermal analysis education due to its presence in the student's day life. Additionally such polymer presents well defined thermal analytical curves and a well known thermal behavior. TGA curve is used to present the thermal stability. The thermal history effects in the thermal properties of a PET sample from a soft drink bottle are used to demonstrate the effect of different heating/cooling conditions on glass transition, melting, crystallization and crystalline degree using DSC curves.

Investigando a presença da história da ciência em livros didáticos de Química Geral para o ensino superior

This paper aims at analyzing the history of science content of three general chemistry textbooks used in Brazilian universities: the translations of Kotz and Treichel's Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Atkins and Jones's Chemical Principles, and Garritz and Chamizo's Química. Results revealed different trends for the inclusion of history of science in chemistry teaching. Kotz & Treichel and Atkins & Jones used history mainly as curiosity and ornament. Garritz & Chamizo adopted the historical approach as one of the organizing axis of their textbook. Nevertheless, the historical content of the three textbooks may be criticized from current historiographical standpoint.

"Serpentes de Faraó": a história de uma brincadeira pirotécnica e sua aplicabilidade no ensino de princípios químicos básicos

Fun methodologies developed with alternative materials for teaching chemical reactions of carbon are interesting activities for discussing concepts of stoichiometry and thermochemistry. The decomposition of organic matter, CO2 production and coal formation can be demonstrated in the experiment "Pharaoh´s snake". This experiment is attractive since the simple combustion of sucrose generates a peculiar structure of coal. This paper proposes a simple methodology for making the sugar tablets used in the experiment and contextualizes the experimental observations with the chemical reaction of carbon which leads to coal and to the thermodynamics involving combustion processes.

Tempo dos deuses, tempo dos homens: mito e história no político de Platão

O presente artigo realiza uma exegese do grande mito cósmico do Político de Platão, no intuito de mostrar que a representação da historicidade humana por ele alegoricamente elaborada ilustra e antecipa, em um registro simbólico, algumas das soluções teóricas exploradas pelo diálogo em sua conclusão a respeito das relações entre o melhor regime e a história.