Haplotype characterization of the COI mitochondrial gene in Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from different environments in Jaboticabal, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dos tempos de escola aso dias atuais reminiscências duradousras da experiência escolar

This study it treats on the marks of the school experience in the individuation process of the subject and has as general aim to know of that it forms these experiences, the spite of the curricular and pedagogical questions, influences this process. It searched to interpret the experiences strengthened during the school education and the trajectories of confrontation of the diverse situations lived in the school. It was tried,also,to understand the direction of the critical school events and equally as the familiar way can influence in the choices and formation of the citizens through the pedagogical investment. Furthermore, it was reflected on the reasons that had taken some to remain in the school environment are as student or, later, of the side of there ,as teacher. For in such a way, it realized a qualitative research with a phenomenological inspiration using narratives interviews carried with four subjects, from which if it identified the main characteristics, structure, conditions of origin, the social context, the school strategies, the forms as they had been managed and its consequences. The analysis of the stories clearly left two basic axles about the school experience that if detach in the constitution of the subjects: in a hand, the dynamics of the lived school environment left undeleted marks in the memory that had been determinative for the personal choices; on the other hand,the familiar reference, through its different forms of pedagogical investment,had a decisive influence. The agreed marks of the school and the family had left an important legacy for formation of the subjects and the choices that had made during their lives, especially in the aiming of its professional careers. Invariably, it was perceived in the inquiry, that much of the pupil who if was persists in the adult and professional of today. Thus, the school I it s part of professional I that it exists in each one. The citizen, the person and the professional are derived from the processes of socialization and individuation, which to a large extent are defined during the school life. And it s with the use of this school capital , acquired in the school times, that we have conditions to develop the many social roles in the current days

O ensino da história e o pensamento reflexivo-crítico da professora no 3º ano do Ensino Fundamental

This collaborative research is a qualitative approach, from historical and cultural perspective, made about a teacher of third grade of basic education in the area of history, in the municipality of Caicó / RN. It has as objective to investigate, in a collaborative action, if the design process of teaching and learning the discipline of history based on the relationship before / after allows the development of critical reflective thinking of the teacher in school practices. The theoretical and methodological approaches are supported in the postulates of Vygotsky (1998), Rubinstein (1973) and Linblinskaia (1979), among others, whose understanding has led us to reflect if the teacher develops the reflective critical-thinking in history discipline classes. The complexity of the study led us to an analysis exercise, using different methodological procedures, such as: bibliographic review of the literature, considering also the literature of the history area, interviews, observation in the classroom, video recordings and reflective sessions, enabling clarify the construction and reconstruction of thought that the teacher had been developing during the process of teaching and learning. The test results point to a dichotomy between theory and practice, and also to a certain fragility in the position of professor in teaching and learning the discipline of history, at the third grade of basic education. The teacher recognizes that she requires a theoretical deepening with more intensity, as a process of continuous training to improve the practice of teaching in history school, though, stating in her speech that her teaching practice is based on critical reflection. However, she presents serious limitations in classroom practices. We conclude that, although she has shown willing to work on a critical perspective of reality, showed also poor change at school practices, starting to reflect about her own actions, pointing her limits and the changes needed that didn t become reality yet. It s necessary a formative process for her. The study therefore showed that even with the sessions and reflective of deepening theoretical studies, the teacher does not change its profile, while maintaining its traditional vision in any pedagogical action. This research recommends the formation of school groups for further studies and discussion on the practices of education in history area from a reflective-critical thought perspective as a mean of personal and professional development

Educação do campo e alternância :reflexões sobre uma experiência na Transamazônica/Pará

The study theme is the Rural Familiar House Program (RFHP), through the Rural Familiar House of Uruará-PA city (URFH), from 2000 to 2005. It is considered as base the education offered to the field young people, in the modality of basic education by alternation methodology between the Familiar and School Times in the two first from 5th to 8th grade classrooms. From the argument about the understanding importance and need of knowledge transmission and construction to be established in the inter-section between general references of the social reality and the subjective ones. It constitutes an educative work that both values domain of knowing and the creative capacity of each pupil. Considering that the greatest aim of the education is the human being emancipation, this thematic for the development of the documentary and field research was defined with the delimitated thematic for the educative practice-proposal in alternation, choosing the Program of the RFHs as the reference to carry out an analysis which considered fruitful in the articulation between education and educative work. This study had the objective to contribute for the debate concerning the alternation and to understand presuposals and educative practice of the RFHs what its importance for the young people and its relation with the field educational policy. For this, it was used, mainly, from analytical references of authors, such as Williams, Gramsci, Adorno, Freire, Shiva, Soares, Molina, Tonet, et. all, all were also important for the construction of this work. The studied documentary sources, as well as the verbal ones the actors also interviewed had allowed, in irreplaceable way and significantly, a critical analysis on the pedagogical proposals and the articulation among school, familiar work and education, which was carried out in the formation of URFH, the sessions of alternation between Time School and Time Family. The results are scored with the chapter construction, as they had presented themselves in several sources and the reading which was made. A reading that signals for the affirmation which is possible to overtake the emphasis on technicality, mediated in the practice-theory-practice relation, still present in the alternation, and, thus, to be able to make an educative work that intends to contribute for the young people education with capacity of being, thinking and to act actually as subjects of their history

A rotina de crianças de zero a dois anos na educação infantil e as especificidades infantis

In current upbringing production, children are often conceived as rightful subjects, and concrete and singular people, marked by specificities that schools must respect, mainly their personal wholeness, their care and attention needs, as well as their abilities to learn and produce culture. In the educational practices frame, routine is considered to have a definitive roll in time, space and activities structuring, as with actions and relations of subjects involved. In that perspective, this research aims to analyze routines of zero to two years old children in the upbringing context, relating to their childish specificities. Anchored in the qualitative approach, a Case Study was developed, according the procedures of daily routine observation and semi-structured interviews with six nursery teachers of CMEI Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil, Natal-RN, the research field. The data analysis was based in Speech Analysis principles. The teachers utterances regarding routine and it s roll in the frame revealed significances related to control/regulation of actions theirs and students aiming to streamline tasks; learning relative to routine itself, time and school practices. Thus, prospects of discipline and exercise of power of teachers over students surges, reducing their possibilities to participate. These conceptions reflect the daily routine of the kids and their teachers. By analyzing the methods of routine operation in the time/space/activities frame of CMEI, it was possible to perceive its homogenization of actions and rhythms, not only of the group s children, but the whole institution, which creates, many times, a controlling character that contains/prevents children s initiative. However, it was also possible to observe that in routine recesses, when it s relaxed, and other spaces, times and actions are provided, kids have the opportunity to experience and create different ways of action and relation with time, materials, other kids and teachers, being, as such, respected their specificities. We highlight the importance of reflections regarding routine in upbringing context, as to comprehend it s functions and the need for it s construction to take a multiple character that respects the plurality of situations and singularities of children as persons

Hospital de Pediatria da UFRN: resgatando memórias na construção da história

This study deals with a historical, descriptive and exploratory approach aiming to recall the origin and trajectory of the Pediatrics Hospital at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. This research also deals with the insertion of the nursing department in the same Hospital. This was realized through existing records and discourse collected through interview of professionals-doctors, nurses, midwifes, nursing attendants and psychologists. Thus, a network was established and consisted of qualified informants, composed through reference analysis. Data treatment and analysis was performed based on the collection of oral data. The data was considered according to the font s context, all of which depending on process of comprehension and interpretation. The research was based on the main theme, through oral history used in order to build a historical background. These main themes were then subdivided and other discourses were made present such as: the historical scene, the dream came true and the insertion of nursing, present in the history construction; all of which enabled the research. Thus, in this process, it was possible to identify the most important characters of the origin of children s health services organization and assistance at Rio Grande do Norte. It was possible to perceive that this institution aimed to initiate health services that dealt with an education for future generations. This was observed through the creation of the Faculty of Medicine of Natal and as a consequence, the installation of a Pediatrics Hospital that dealt with medical education. The research made evident that the nursing contributed for a structuring of quality health assistance towards children, even though the resources and working conditions were scarce, extensive work shifts and low professional qualification. It was observed that the there was change in the category s profile, once nurses were introduced in the service. Once this happened, changes in mentality, and innovative processes as well as professional conducts were established. The distinctive relation between acting and doing of doctors and nurses were also dealt with. Thus, the first item is done towards the idealization, projection and prescription. The second issue deals with concretization in realization of something that was not projected and realized, causing suffering and unsatisfaction. At the end, it was possible to confirm that oral history is a very rich element and it is possible through subjects that build history, through their perceptation of the facts and the context in that their are inside

Diversidade genética em maracujazeiro-amarelo utilizando marcadores moleculares fAFLP

Marcadores moleculares fAFLP foram utilizados para estimar a diversidade genética entre 36 acessos de maracujá-amarelo (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) coletados em 18 estados do Brasil. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que os marcadores fAFLP se mostraram consistentes na avaliação da variabilidade genética, detectando e quantificando a ampla divergência genética entre os 36 acessos analisados, bem como a não-formação de estruturação geográfica. Tais resultados podem auxiliar na definição de estratégias mais eficientes a serem utilizadas em programas de melhoramento de maracujá-amarelo.

Elaboração e validação de instrumento para consulta de enfermagem à puérpera no âmbito da atenção básica

A pesquisa teve como objetivo elaborar e validar um instrumento para sistematizar a assistência de enfermagem à puérpera no âmbito da atenção básica. O documento foi construído com base na Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas de Horta, na Padronização de um Conjunto Internacional de Dados Essenciais em Enfermagem e na Nomenclatura de diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem desenvolvida a partir dos resultados da Classificação Internacional para as Práticas de Enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo metodológico desenvolvido em cinco etapas: identificação dos indicadores empíricos relativos à puérpera mediante revisão integrativa da literatura; avaliação dos indicadores empíricos e sua relação com as necessidades humanas básicas por grupo focal com cinco enfermeiras especialistas; estruturação do instrumento mediante a categorização dos indicadores; validação de forma e conteúdo do instrumento pelos especialistas, por meio da técnica Delphi; e aplicação e desenvolvimento das afirmativas de diagnóstico e intervenções de enfermagem. A coleta de dados da primeira etapa ocorreu nos meses de janeiro a março de 2013 nas bases de dados Scopus, Cinahl, Pubmed, Cochrane, e no periódico Journal of Midwifery and Women s Health. A segunda, terceira e quarta etapas se realizaram nos meses de maio a outubro de 2013. Participaram doze e sete especialistas na primeira e segunda rodada de avaliação respectivamente. A seleção dos especialistas ocorreu pela Plataforma Lattes mediante os seguintes critérios de inclusão: ser enfermeiro (a) docente e especialista em enfermagem obstétrica. A consulta a estes profissionais se deu via email e, ao aceitarem participar da pesquisa, assinaram um Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. A pesquisa obteve aprovação da Comissão de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, sob o protocolo nº 184.241 e Certificado de Apresentação para Apreciação Ética nº 11674112.3.0000.5537. Para análise dos dados da primeira etapa, utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e os resultados apresentados em forma de tabelas. Nesta etapa, identificou-se 97 indicadores empíricos e, quando relacionados com as necessidades humanas básicas, 46 desses encontravam-se nas necessidades psicobiológicas, 51 nas psicossociais e 01 nas necessidades psicoespirituais. Com relação à segunda e terceira etapas, os dados passaram por um processo de categorização e análise pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Os indicadores obtiveram um índice de validação de 100%. Na parte de avaliação da puérpera, os itens não validados foram excluídos do instrumento. Os demais itens obtiveram índice acima de 70%, sendo, portanto, o instrumento validado. O instrumento para a consulta de enfermagem é constituído de dados de identificação da puérpera, dados de avaliação das necessidades humanas da puérpera e itens do cuidado de enfermagem. Na versão final foram selecionados 73 Diagnósticos de Enfermagem e 155 Intervenções de Enfermagem a partir da categorização dos indicadores empíricos validados na segunda e terceira etapas do estudo. Com a conclusão do estudo, o enfermeiro disporá de um instrumento para sistematização da assistência à puérpera na atenção básica. Além disso, o documento servirá como ferramenta para o ensino e a pesquisa em enfermagem obstétrica

Uma contribuição crítica para o redesenho de cadeiras de rodas adaptadas para crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral

This work was aimed at making a critical analysis of the product wheelchair, both for using four different models, which were objects of study of the dissertation of Cláudia Regina Cabral Galvão, entitled Critical Analysis of the Mobility Products Seated a wheelchair - Used by Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy in Natal / RN and other municipalities of Rio Grande do Norte . This product is considered an instrument in the social rehabilitation of great importance for people with physical disabilities. This study aims to position the issue and develop comments on technical up grading of certain models according to the needs of the user. Describes features of four models in search searched through catalogs in order to know its advantages and disadvantages of use. Were presented the definitions of ergonomics and ergonomic aspects to be considered on a design, the study of anthropometry and its recommendations. Discussions the methodology of project design in two parts: the first, on the structuring of design problem (formulation, analysis, synthesis and evaluation.) And the second on the project (design and development, implementation and evaluation and solution). With that review will include the possibilities for a new redesign of the wheelchair, based on forms of adaptation in order to achieve the target that was compressed by the average population studied. Seeks to that this project makes an improvement in quality of life of people in wheelchairs by including these people in society but also the improvement of rehabilitation

Aspectos linguístico-ergonômicos em rótulos: avaliação da linguagem verbo-visual de rótulos de embalagens para alimentos achocolatados

We have been living in a world of packed products. The package and the labels support the companies to communicate with the customers in addition to give protection, storage and convenience in proportion to the products that move in the price list. The labels mainly add up a value which helps the companies differ their products and increase the value of the brands among the final customers. However, the information given in the label are not clear sometimes. It displays a verbal-visual defective language resulted from a poor visibility, legibleness and comprehensibleness of the verbal and visual marks. The aim of this research is to verify, according to the costumers‟ view, the level of the clarity in the informative texts, harmony and ergonomic conformity of the package labels in the chocolate powder of the Claralate brand, considering the linguistic aspects presented on the labels. The criteria to evaluate the chocolate package selected were based on the linguistic field: the organization and the structure of the text derided from the classification of the textual genre; the clarity and the comprehension of the language utilized on those labels. From the ergonomic view, the informative and ergonomic conformity, based on the following requirements: legibility, symbols, characters, reading fields and intermission of the written lines. Therefore, the research done july 2007 and added july 2011 had a structured questionnaire in the interview put to the 118 customers of the chocolate package that go shopping in one of the two supermarkets in Floriano, Piauí São Jorge and/or Super Quaresma. The main results of the investigation show that the linguistic aspects in the informative texts of the labels provide the customers‟ expectancy partially, while the consideration of the informative ergonomic analyzed can contribute to the improvement of the information and consequent visual progress of those, on the labels of chocolate package investigated. As recommendation towards the maker of the product, the outcome of the research indicates: harmonize the proportion of the letters and numbers; enlarge the letters size; make the visual information more comprehensive determined by the reading field; put the expiry date in a better visual place

Gestão de organizações sem fins lucrativos: uma avaliação de desempenho através do balanced scorecard

The methodology Balanced Scorecard (BSC) focuses on the major critical issues of modern organizations, whether with or without profit. The measurement of the effective performance of the latter is by evaluating the successful implementation of organizational strategy. The aim of this paper is to present the development of a system of performance measurement strategy for a nonprofit organization, whose object of study is the Associação de Apoio as Comunidades do Campo - AACC, in the context of the BSC methodology of Kaplan and Norton. The methodology of this case study is an exploratory, descriptive and qualitative, and diagnose the coherence of the Strategy Map in an organization, based strategic planning from 2010 to 2012. Initially conducted a literature review covering the main aspects of strategy maps and performance evaluation involving the translation of the BSC and strategy evaluation. The main results of the proposed approach refers to evaluation of overall scores for each dimension of the BSC methodology, financial, customer, internal processes, learning and growth. These results are able to help the organization evaluate and revise their strategy and, in general, to adopt management methods more accurately. Data collection is centered on interviews with semi-structured questionnaire. The findings highlight on balancing and alignment of strategic objectives, low causality map, strategic communication insufficient and fragmented. For interviewees organizational culture is the biggest impediment to structuring a management model based on indicators and strategic process should be initiated by non-financial indicators gradually. The performance indicators of the AACC/RN portray more meritocracy operational procedures of social projects in the context of the Strategic Map determined in a shortterm over the long term. However, there is evidence of improved performance management and strategic taken as a basis of planning as both the strategic map structured. Therefore, the nonprofits need to adopt a form of management that enables planning, setting objectives and targets that provide the continuity of its activities, and generating instruments that can measure the financial performance and non-financial, in order to develop strategic actions for growth and sustainability

Avaliação dos textos informativos em três embalagens de café

O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar uma investigação sobre o nível de clareza dos textos informativos dos rótulos de embalagens de café torrado e moído, considerando os aspectos lingüísticos e ergonômicos presentes nos rótulos do produto. Lingüisticamente analisar se a linguagem utilizada nos rótulos é adequada para a compreensão das informações pelo consumidor, ainda expor como a lingüística preconiza a organização e estruturação dos textos a partir da classificação do gênero textual. Do ponto de vista da ergonomia a pesquisa pretende identificar a conformidade ergonômica presente nas informações dos rótulos das embalagens de café. Devido à evolução das atividades comerciais, a embalagem passou ao longo do tempo a acumular funções, transformando-se em um considerável veículo de comunicação, informação e sedução do seu público consumidor, por isso, a adoção de normas adequadas relativas às informações pode evitar que o consumidor desenvolva conceitos inadequados ou até mesmo empregue erroneamente um produto alimentício em sua dieta. A engenharia de produção considera importante a inserção de melhores práticas de produção e gestão do produto nas empresas, com vistas ao aumento de sua competitividade, compatibilizando as características ergonômicas do produto embalagem, com as necessidades do consumidor enquanto parte integrante do processo de desenvolvimento do produto. A pesquisa propõe, então, um roteiro para avaliação dos rótulos de embalagens, utilizando para isso um questionário com questões fechadas e uma aberta, aplicados em consumidores de café torrado e moído no momento da compra em quatro supermercados de Natal. Os principais resultados da investigação demonstram que os aspectos lingüísticos dos textos informativos foram considerados bons, enquanto os aspectos ergonômicos informacionais analisados podem vir a contribuir para uma melhoria visual das informações contidas nos rótulos das embalagens das marcas de café investigadas

Gestão ambiental em cadeias produtivas agroindustriais: um estudo em um aglomerado produtivo da caprinovinocultura no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte

This thesis aims to investigate the perception and behavior of goat and sheep rural producers from Central Cabugi Region of Rio Grande do Norte state, in terms of the sector competitiveness, the cooperation mechanisms, information and environmental practices integration in the supply chain, including their customers, and also among the local producers and other institutions that support this agribusiness cluster. The research problem is related to the environmental impacts from goat and sheep breeding. This problem can also be intensified by the organization of producers in a cluster. Then, it is important to examine how the environmental issues are considered by the rural producers and their perception of their suppliers, customers and the institutions that support this activity. The methodology used in this work involved literature review of the topics of supply chain management, green supply chain, clusters development and sustainable livestock. An exploratory survey research was also conducted by personal interviews using questionnaires. Three statistic techniques were used to compile the gathered data: descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, and Chi-square tests. Two clusters were found in this study, however, the entire sample believes the sector of goat and sheep breeding is a medium competitive activity. On the other hand, for the variables of the importance of environmental practices for competitiveness , perception of environmental impacts and environmental benefits from farm vegetation management , the research found 2 distinct groups of individuals when those variables were analyzed together the green supply chain management group of variables in the cluster analysis. Beyond competitiveness perception, no degree of difference was found for the use of insecticides too. The chi-square tests present that producers having at least elementary education, lands bigger 100 hectares and located in the cities of Angicos or Lajes tend to have a higher perception to supply chain management and environmental awareness issues than those with no or incomplete first-level education, producing in lands smaller than 100 hectares and located in the cities of Afonso Bezerra or Pedro Avelino. The chi-square tests also show the amount of milk produced, family s income and associational condition are not related with the variables used in the clusters composition. In this context, this work contributes to planning clusters development strategies and enhancing the production chain sustainability. This Master of Science Thesis can also help to introduce the environmental variable in the project, assessment and monitoring of development policies as well

Medição de desempenho na cadeia de suprimentos da energia eólica: proposta de um conjunto de indicadores de desempenho

Performance measurement in highly competitive markets is a necessary measure for those who aim the top positions. The business performance measurement approach have reached relevant results in the literature, however, a different approach has recently appeared that broadened the perception of competition, where companies do not seek the competition among companies only, but also among supply chains. Brazilian Wind energy supply chain is living a structuring and expanding moment, with the major global players in the industry making investments in the country. This research aims to answer which are the key performance indicators that must be considered by the Brazilian wind energy sector companies, which are part in a broad perspective of supply chain competition. The research was executed in two steps: exploratory (literature review and a field research in the companies) and later a survey was conducted with the Brazilian Wind energy companies workers with the purpose to validate the performance indicators found in the exploratory step. The survey evaluated 40 performance indicators distributed among five major activities: Project prospection, building/execution, operation and maintenance, logistics and transverse processes, which summarize the performance of the entire supply chain, pointing the sinergy and the competitive level of the supply chain. The selected performance indicators reflect the high relevance of the costs dimension in the Brazilian energy companies performance, acting as a key performance indicator, is also indicates the limited performance management integration throughout the Brazilian wind energy supply chain

Sensoriamento remoto e geoprocessamento aplicados ao uso da terra em microbacias hidrográficas, Botucatu - SP

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e quantificar o uso da terra em dez microbacias ocorrentes na bacia do Rio Capivara, município de Botucatu - SP, a partir da estruturação de um banco de dados utilizando o Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) - IDRISI. Os resultados mostram que as classes de uso da terra, uso agrícola e pastagem, foram as mais significativas, pois ocuparam mais da metade da área das microbacias. O alto índice de uso da terra por pastagens, capoeiras, reflorestamento e matas reflete a predominância de solos arenosos com baixa fertilidade. As imagens obtidas do satélite LANDSAT 5 permitiram o mapeamento do uso da terra de maneira rápida, além de fornecer um excelente banco de dados para futuro planejamento e gerenciamento das atividades agropecuárias regionais. O SIG-IDRISI permitiu identificar, por meio de seus diferentes módulos para georreferenciamento, classificação digital e modelo matemático, as classes de uso da terra com rapidez.