Contexto, desafios e perspectivas na formação de obstetrizes no Brasil

O artigo descreve o processo de criação do Curso de Obstetrícia da Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades da Universidade de São Paulo. Ele apresenta o projeto político pedagógico e os referenciais teóricos que suportam a formação de obstetrizes, a resistência ou os movimentos que se opõem à formação e ao registro desses profissionais, os desafios que precisam ser superados e, finalmente, as perspectivas nas quais as obstetrizes podem contribuir não só para melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados em saúde, como também para diminuir as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade materna e perinatal e de cesarianas desnecessárias no país.

Impacto de treinamento auditivo na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da voz realizada por estudantes de Fonoaudiologia

OBJETIVO: Analisar o impacto de treino auditivo na avaliação perceptivo-auditiva da voz realizada por estudantes de Fonoaudiologia. MÉTODOS: Durante dois semestres, 17 estudantes que cursavam disciplinas teóricas de fonação (Fonação/Distúrbios da Fonação) analisaram amostras de vozes alteradas e não alteradas (selecionadas para este estudo), por meio da escala GRBAS. Todos receberam treinamento auditivo durante um total de nove encontros semanais, com cerca de 15 minutos de duração cada. Em cada encontro foi apresentado um parâmetro, por meio de vozes diferentes da amostra avaliada, com predominância no aspecto treinado. A avaliação das amostras por meio da escala foi realizada pré e pós o treinamento e em outros quatro momentos ao longo dos encontros. As avaliações dos alunos foram comparadas com uma avaliação de juízas, realizada previamente por três fonoaudiólogos, especialistas em voz. Para verificar a efetividade do treinamento foi usado o teste de Friedman e Índice de Concordância Kappa. RESULTADOS: O índice de acertos dos alunos no momento pré-treinamento foi considerado entre regular e bom. Observou-se manutenção do número de acertos ao longo das avaliações realizadas, para a maioria dos parâmetros da escala. No momento pós-treinamento observou-se melhora na análise da astenia, parâmetro enfatizado a partir das dificuldades apresentadas pelos alunos. Houve diminuição dos acertos no parâmetro rugosidade após este ter sido trabalhado de maneira segmentada em rouquidão e aspereza, e associado a diferentes diagnósticos e parâmetros acústicos. CONCLUSÃO: O treino auditivo potencializa as habilidades iniciais dos alunos, refinando-as para realização da avaliação, além de nortear ajustes em dinâmicas das disciplinas.

Designing a Liberal Arts Curriculum that Develops the Capacity for Effective Practice

A new agenda has been coalescing for residential liberal arts education in the United States. At its core are various forms of experiential learning that had long been relegated to the margins of institutions in which pure intellectual achievement was largely separated from, and prized above, practical application of knowledge. Recent years have brought growing student interest in opportunities to engage in experiential learning, including community service, internships, student-faculty research partnerships, study abroad, or co-operative education. All types of colleges and universities have been investing in these programs and in curricular modifications intended to begin integrating them into a coherent educational program. With support from several major associations, foundations, and research collaborations, this twenty-first century reframing of the aims of education has included a persistent call for better evaluative data to gauge the extent to which college students are actually meeting learning goals that faculty are being encouraged to specify more fully.

Engaged Learning: Enabling Self-Authorship and Effective Practice

There is now broad consensus that higher education must extend beyond content-based knowledge to encompass intellectual and practical skills, personal and social responsibility, and integrative learning. The college learning outcomes needed for success in 21st century life include critical thinking, a coherent sense of self, intercultural maturity, civic engagement, and the capacity for mutual relationships. Yet, research suggests that college students are struggling to achieve these outcomes in part because skills needed to succeed in college are not those needed to succeed upon graduation. One reason for this gap is that these college learning outcomes require complex developmental capacities or “self-authorship” that higher education is not currently designed to promote.

Toward the Equitable Distribution of Enriching Educational Experiences: Faculty Engagement with Racial Minority Students

Peña, Bensimon, and Colyar (2006) noted: “Not only do African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans have lower graduation rates than [do] Whites and Asian Americans, they also experience inequalities in just about every indicator of academic success – from earned grade point average to placement on the dean’s list to graduation rates in competitive majors” (p. 48). While these and other racialized outcomes disparities cannot be attributed to a narrow set of explanatory factors, one thing is known for sure: College students who are actively engaged inside and outside the classroom are considerably more likely than are their disengaged peers to persist through baccalaureate degree attainment. Furthermore, engaged students typically accrue the desired outcomes that are central to liberal education. This is especially true for engagement in what Kuh (2008) refers to as “high-impact” educational experiences – study abroad programs, learning communities, undergraduate research programs, service learning opportunities, and summer internships, to name a few. Unfortunately, racial minority undergraduates are considerably less likely than are their White peers to enjoy the educational benefits associated with these experiences.

Academic Intelligence is not Enough! WICS: An Expanded Model for Effective Practice in School and in Later Life

Is there a psychological basis for teaching and learning in the context of a liberal education, and if so, what might such a psychological basis look like? Traditional teaching and assessment often emphasize remembering facts and, to some extent, analyzing ideas. Such skills are important, but they leave out of the aspects of thinking that are most important not only in liberal education, but in life, in general. In this article, I propose a theory called WICS, which is an acronym for wisdom, intelligence, and creativity, synthesized. The basic idea underlying this theory is that, through liberal education, students need to acquire creative skills and attitudes to generate new ideas about how to adapt flexibly to a rapidly changing world, analytical skills and attitudes to ascertain whether these new ideas are good ones, practical skills and attitudes to implement the new ideas and convince others of their value, and wisdom-based skills and attitudes in order to ensure that the new ideas help to achieve a common good through the infusion of positive ethical values.

NIKH: 1914

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2011: Part 1

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2011: Part 2

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2011: Part 3

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2011: Part 4

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2009

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2010

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2007

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.

The Bison: 2006

This digital object was funded in part through a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. The digitalization of this object was part of a collaborative effort with the Washington Research Library Consortium and George Washington University.