Studio e ottimizzazione di un propulsore Diesel per un piccolo velivolo senza pilota

Studio e ottimizzazione di un propulsore a detonazione a gasolio per un piccolo velivolo senza pilota.

Studio e ottimizzazione dell'albero motore di un piccolo Diesel per aeroplani senza pilota

Studio e ottimizzazione dell'albero motore di un piccolo Diesel per aeroplani senza pilota per uso civile quale monitoraggio etc.

Studio e ottimizzazione della rimotorizzazione di un elicottero a turbina con un motore diesel

Studio del dimensionamento del radiatore e del condotto di scarico con eiettore per un motore V12 montato su elicottero.

Sviluppo ed analisi di un sistema dual-fuel diesel/benzina per combustioni di tipo RCCI

Nel presente lavoro è progettato e sviluppato un sistema dual-fuel diesel/benzina per combustioni di tipo RCCI, e sono esposti i risultati sperimentali in termini di prestazioni ed emissioni. E' inoltre descritto e implementato un algoritmo di stima dell'MFB50 a partire dalla sola misura della velocità motore.

Studio e ottimizzazione di un propulsore Diesel applicato a un drone

Progettazione di un motore Diesel 2 tempi sulla base commerciale di un TM100Kb a benzina di derivazione karting. Il motore è capace di 5kW di potenza ad un peso contenuto. La progettazione è orientata agli aspetti sia termodinamici che dinamici. Si effettua una serie di verifiche per capire l'efficienza e l'uso di componenti originali.

Sviluppo di un sistema di sovralimentazione assistito elettricamente per un motore diesel 3.0L V6 ad alta potenza specifica

Questa tesi di laurea nasce dall’esperienza maturata presso l’azienda FCA Italy (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles S.p.A., ex VM Motori) nello stabilimento situato a Cento in provincia di Ferrara, in particolare all’interno dell’ufficio di Ricerca Avanzata CRM (Centro Ricerca Motori), divisione del reparto R&D (Research and Development). Tale esperienza viene riassunta (in piccola parte) in questo elaborato di Tesi, che tratta tematiche inerenti allo sviluppo di un sistema di sovralimentazione assistito elettricamente, applicato ad un propulsore Diesel 3.0L V6 destinato ai segmenti “Premium” del mercato. Il sistema utilizzato, che ha come componente principale un compressore attuato da una macchina elettrica, appartiene all’insieme delle tecnologie cosiddette di e-boosting. Questo tipo di tecnologia, fortemente innovativa e ad oggi non ancora presente sul mercato, ha le potenzialità per rappresentare un significativo passo avanti nel processo di riduzione delle emissioni, dei consumi e del miglioramento delle performance dei moderni motori endotermici alternativi, al punto che un numero crescente di costruttori di motori sta oggi studiando soluzioni come quella oggetto di questo elaborato. L’obiettivo è stato quindi quello di definire, applicare e gestire il sistema di e-boost a banco motore e, successivamente, caratterizzarlo dal punto di vista energetico e testarne le effettive potenzialità. Le fasi in cui ho apportato il mio contributo sono state, in particolare, quelle di definizione e integrazione dei nuovi componenti all’interno del layout motore preesistente, di realizzazione e implementazione delle strategie di controllo in un sistema dedicato in grado di gestire efficacemente i componenti, e di sperimentazione al banco prova. I risultati conseguiti al termine dell’attività sono quindi inerenti allo sviluppo e validazione del sistema di controllo, alla valutazione delle performance del propulsore risultante e alla caratterizzazione e analisi critica del sistema di e-boost dal punto di vista energetico.

Studio ed ottimizzazione di un sistema di raffreddamento per un elicottero diesel.

Studio ed ottimizzazione di un sistema di raffreddamento per un elicottero diesel. Individuazione della configurazione più conveniente.

Simulazione dinamica swirl in motore diesel

Simulazione CFD di un condotto di aspirazione di un motore Diesel.

A Decision-Tree-Based Approach to Smoke Spike Detection in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Smoke spikes occurring during transient engine operation have detrimental health effects and increase fuel consumption by requiring more frequent regeneration of the diesel particulate filter. This paper proposes a decision tree approach to real-time detection of smoke spikes for control and on-board diagnostics purposes. A contemporary, electronically controlled heavy-duty diesel engine was used to investigate the deficiencies of smoke control based on the fuel-to-oxygen-ratio limit. With the aid of transient and steady state data analysis and empirical as well as dimensional modeling, it was shown that the fuel-to-oxygen ratio was not estimated correctly during the turbocharger lag period. This inaccuracy was attributed to the large manifold pressure ratios and low exhaust gas recirculation flows recorded during the turbocharger lag period, which meant that engine control module correlations for the exhaust gas recirculation flow and the volumetric efficiency had to be extrapolated. The engine control module correlations were based on steady state data and it was shown that, unless the turbocharger efficiency is artificially reduced, the large manifold pressure ratios observed during the turbocharger lag period cannot be achieved at steady state. Additionally, the cylinder-to-cylinder variation during this period were shown to be sufficiently significant to make the average fuel-to-oxygen ratio a poor predictor of the transient smoke emissions. The steady state data also showed higher smoke emissions with higher exhaust gas recirculation fractions at constant fuel-to-oxygen-ratio levels. This suggests that, even if the fuel-to-oxygen ratios were to be estimated accurately for each cylinder, they would still be ineffective as smoke limiters. A decision tree trained on snap throttle data and pruned with engineering knowledge was able to use the inaccurate engine control module estimates of the fuel-to-oxygen ratio together with information on the engine control module estimate of the exhaust gas recirculation fraction, the engine speed, and the manifold pressure ratio to predict 94% of all spikes occurring over the Federal Test Procedure cycle. The advantages of this non-parametric approach over other commonly used parametric empirical methods such as regression were described. An application of accurate smoke spike detection in which the injection pressure is increased at points with a high opacity to reduce the cumulative particulate matter emissions substantially with a minimum increase in the cumulative nitrogrn oxide emissions was illustrated with dimensional and empirical modeling.

Gasoline emissions dominate over diesel in formation of secondary organic aerosol mass

Although laboratory experiments have shown that organic compounds in both gasoline fuel and diesel engine exhaust can form secondary organic aerosol (SOA), the fractional contribution from gasoline and diesel exhaust emissions to ambient SOA in urban environments is poorly known. Here we use airborne and ground-based measurements of organic aerosol (OA) in the Los Angeles (LA) Basin, California made during May and June 2010 to assess the amount of SOA formed from diesel emissions. Diesel emissions in the LA Basin vary between weekdays and weekends, with 54% lower diesel emissions on weekends. Despite this difference in source contributions, in air masses with similar degrees of photochemical processing, formation of OA is the same on weekends and weekdays, within the measurement uncertainties. This result indicates that the contribution from diesel emissions to SOA formation is zero within our uncertainties. Therefore, substantial reductions of SOA mass on local to global scales will be achieved by reducing gasoline vehicle emissions.

Post-mortem angiography after vascular perfusion with diesel oil and a lipophilic contrast agent

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to establish optimal perfusion conditions for high-resolution postmortem angiography that would permit dynamic visualization of the arterial and venous systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cadavers of two dogs and one cat were perfused with diesel oil through a peristaltic pump. The lipophilic contrast agent Lipiodol Ultra Fluide was then injected, and angiography was performed. The efficiency of perfusion was evaluated in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. RESULTS: Vessels could be seen up to the level of the smaller supplying and draining vessels. Hence, both the arterial and the venous sides of the vascular system could be distinguished. The chorioallantoic membrane assay revealed that diesel oil enters microvessels up to 50 microm in diameter and that it does not penetrate the capillary network. CONCLUSION: After establishing a postmortem circulation by diesel oil perfusion, angiography can be performed by injection of Lipiodol Ultra Fluide. The resolution of the images obtained up to 3 days after death is comparable to that achieved in clinical angiography.

Stochastic knock detection model for spark ignited engines

This report presents the development of a Stochastic Knock Detection (SKD) method for combustion knock detection in a spark-ignition engine using a model based design approach. Knock Signal Simulator (KSS) was developed as the plant model for the engine. The KSS as the plant model for the engine generates cycle-to-cycle accelerometer knock intensities following a stochastic approach with intensities that are generated using a Monte Carlo method from a lognormal distribution whose parameters have been predetermined from engine tests and dependent upon spark-timing, engine speed and load. The lognormal distribution has been shown to be a good approximation to the distribution of measured knock intensities over a range of engine conditions and spark-timings for multiple engines in previous studies. The SKD method is implemented in Knock Detection Module (KDM) which processes the knock intensities generated by KSS with a stochastic distribution estimation algorithm and outputs estimates of high and low knock intensity levels which characterize knock and reference level respectively. These estimates are then used to determine a knock factor which provides quantitative measure of knock level and can be used as a feedback signal to control engine knock. The knock factor is analyzed and compared with a traditional knock detection method to detect engine knock under various engine operating conditions. To verify the effectiveness of the SKD method, a knock controller was also developed and tested in a model-in-loop (MIL) system. The objective of the knock controller is to allow the engine to operate as close as possible to its border-line spark-timing without significant engine knock. The controller parameters were tuned to minimize the cycle-to-cycle variation in spark timing and the settling time of the controller in responding to step increase in spark advance resulting in the onset of engine knock. The simulation results showed that the combined system can be used adequately to model engine knock and evaluated knock control strategies for a wide range of engine operating conditions.