Território usado e recursos hídricos: o uso da água na produção de flores e plantas ornamentais em Holambra-SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

O fitoplâncton como discriminador ambiental dos reservatórios do Sistema Cantareira (SP)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais - Sorocaba

Análise histopatológica de fígado de tilápias (Oreochromis Niloticus) expostas ao herbicida 2,4-D comercial

The action of man has led, over the years, major impacts on the environment, especially in aquatic ecosystems, leading to an impairment of water quality, considered one of the essential factors for the maintenance of vital functions and consequently the life of the planet. Among the activities considered a risk for the environment are linked to pollution from many sources and even entire watersheds, whether by industrial waste, sewage, or for substances used in agriculture, such as pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers. The (2,4-D) 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is used worldwide, and the fact that its genotoxicity is proven by several studies and by its long persistence in soil, which enables the leaching and percolation of compounds affecting water bodies, toxicity studies are relevant and justifiable. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of 2,4-D by examining the liver of the fish Oreochromis niloticus exposed to different dilutions. Portions of liver were collected and fixed for histological and histochemical techniques to detect total proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. lipids. Treatment with 2,4-D herbicide apparently did not alter the lipid profiles, the accumulation of polysaccharides, and the presence of total proteins. The 2.5 and 5.0% were lethal to fish. These mortalities are probably of high toxic and cytotoxic potential of 2,4-D herbicide results. Several histopathological changes were found, such as: loss of cytoplasmic integrity, loss of cell limit, nuclear deformation, vacuolated cytoplasm, tissue disorganization and hydropic degeneration. Statistically significant changes were: hydropic degeneration and vacuolated cytoplasm. It is concluded, therefore, that the qualitative morphological analysis is an important method for observing changes in liver toxicology studies. As the O. niloticus species is an efficient biological indicator of water pollution by 2,4-D

Esttrutura cromossômica e caracterização cariotípica no gênero Characidium (Teleostei, Characiformes, Crenuchidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Diagnóstico e avaliação ambiental das nascentes da Serra dos Matões, município de Pedro II, Piauí

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para processamento de imagens obtidas por fotografias aéreas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Geoquímica das águas da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Descoberto, Brasília/DF - Brasil

The objective of this paper is to investigate the physical and chemical quality of the water of the Descoberto River during the dry and rainy seasons by measuring pH, temperature, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids, turbidity, color, alkalinity and NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, PO₄^3-, NH₄⁺, Cl^- and HCO₃^-, and the elements Sr, Mo, Cd, Y, Ti, Ca, V, Mg, Fe, Si, Ni, Zr, Cu, Al, Cr, Mn, Ba, Co, Zn, P, Na and K. The results showed high concentrations in both seasons, with dilution along the course of the river, minimizing for a while problems that compromise the quality of the water of this source. However, a progressive deterioration can occur due to an increase in the discharge of pollutants, resulting from population growth, agricultural activities and other factors.

O fitoplâncton como discriminador ambiental dos reservatórios do Sistema Cantareira (SP)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais - Sorocaba

Análise histopatológica de fígado de tilápias (Oreochromis Niloticus) expostas ao herbicida 2,4-D comercial

The action of man has led, over the years, major impacts on the environment, especially in aquatic ecosystems, leading to an impairment of water quality, considered one of the essential factors for the maintenance of vital functions and consequently the life of the planet. Among the activities considered a risk for the environment are linked to pollution from many sources and even entire watersheds, whether by industrial waste, sewage, or for substances used in agriculture, such as pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers. The (2,4-D) 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is used worldwide, and the fact that its genotoxicity is proven by several studies and by its long persistence in soil, which enables the leaching and percolation of compounds affecting water bodies, toxicity studies are relevant and justifiable. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of 2,4-D by examining the liver of the fish Oreochromis niloticus exposed to different dilutions. Portions of liver were collected and fixed for histological and histochemical techniques to detect total proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. lipids. Treatment with 2,4-D herbicide apparently did not alter the lipid profiles, the accumulation of polysaccharides, and the presence of total proteins. The 2.5 and 5.0% were lethal to fish. These mortalities are probably of high toxic and cytotoxic potential of 2,4-D herbicide results. Several histopathological changes were found, such as: loss of cytoplasmic integrity, loss of cell limit, nuclear deformation, vacuolated cytoplasm, tissue disorganization and hydropic degeneration. Statistically significant changes were: hydropic degeneration and vacuolated cytoplasm. It is concluded, therefore, that the qualitative morphological analysis is an important method for observing changes in liver toxicology studies. As the O. niloticus species is an efficient biological indicator of water pollution by 2,4-D

Esttrutura cromossômica e caracterização cariotípica no gênero Characidium (Teleostei, Characiformes, Crenuchidae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Diagnóstico e avaliação ambiental das nascentes da Serra dos Matões, município de Pedro II, Piauí

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para processamento de imagens obtidas por fotografias aéreas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Aplicación de un sistema de información geográfica (SIG) al análisis evolutivo de la erosión de suelos como consecuencia de los cambios de uso en la isla de Gran Canaria

[ES] El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las transformaciones de la cobertura del suelo como consecuencia del cambio de modelo económico experimentado en las islas desde los años 60 del siglo XX y sus repercusiones sobre las tasas de erosión. El trabajo se ha desarrollado en dos cuencas de la isla de Gran Canaria de características ecológicas y de uso contrastadas: Guiniguada y Arguineguín, y aborda el periodo comprendido entre 1960 y 2002. La metodología utilizada se basa en la adaptación de la USLE (Ecuación Universal de Pérdida de Suelos) a un SIG (Sistema de Información Geográfica). Los resultados obtenidos confirman que los cambios de uso y la transformación de las coberturas han sido más significativos en la cuenca del Guiniguada, más intensamente humanizada y apenas se han dejado notar en la cuenca de Arguineguín. Las tasas de erosión, sin embargo, no han experimentado grandes modificaciones entre ambas fechas, poniendo de manifiesto una cierta inercia de las condiciones de uso anteriores.

Cerro blanco (Argentina): la mayor supererupción de los últimos 5000 años en los Andes centrales

[ES] Numerosos depósitos de caída de cenizas volcánicas se presentan en las series del Cuaternario superior del noroeste de Argentina, relacionados con erupciones de múltiples volcanes de la Zona Volcánica Central (ZVC) de los Andes. Sin embargo, cuando se considera sólo el holoceno, destacan una serie de depósitos muy discontinuos pero de potencias decimétricas a métricas de naturaleza riolítica en regiones localizadas hasta más de 400 km de los posibles focos volcánicos ubicados en los Andes. La investigación en curso ha permitido verificar que estos depósitos corresponden a una gran erupción del Complejo Volcánico de Cerro Blanco (CVCB) que tuvo lugar hace unos 4200 años y cuyo índice de explosividad volcánica o VEI sería de 7 (en una escala de 0-8). Con un volumen de ~110 km3 de ceniza y un área afectada de ~440.000 km2, es la mayor erupción de los últimos cinco milenios en la ZVC de los Andes. Por otra parte, las implicaciones de los resultados que se están obteniendo van mucho más allá de disponer de un excelente marcador cronoestratigráfico para reconstruir la historia geológica holocena de una extensa área del Cono Sur. La interacción de las cenizas con el viento y el agua en las grandes cuencas hidrológicas afectadas debió movilizar enormes cantidades tanto de material particulado como de elementos químicos a la Llanura Chacopampeana. Cómo impactó esta erupción sobre los registros medioambientales, palinológicos, faunísticos y arqueológicos son aspectos que se están desarrollando en la actualidad. Esta investigación se realiza en el marco del Proyecto QUECA (MINECO CGL2011-23307).