smoothing document language model with local word graph

ACM SIGIR; ACM SIGWEB

A INFLUÊNCIA DA GESTÃO DE PORTFÓLIO NA ALOCAÇÃO DE RECURSOS EM UMA ORGANIZAÇÃO PÚBLICA DE TI

As organizações públicas se esforçam, cada vez mais, no sentido de aumentarem sua eficiência e qualidade, para oferecerem melhores serviços para os cidadãos. A utilização, por parte dessas empresas, de práticas essencialmente desenvolvidas para organizações privadas, tem demonstrado esta preocupação. Para cumprimento de sua missão, as organizações apostam na definição clara de sua estratégia; entretanto, tão importante quanto defini-la é executá-la, e esse trabalho comumente é realizado por meio de projetos. Os projetos necessitam de alocação de parte significativa dos recursos da organização, que geralmente são muito escassos, sejam eles financeiros, equipamentos ou recursos humanos. Segundo alguns autores, o gerenciamento de portfólio é um meio de proporcionar maior alinhamento entre a estratégia e os projetos, realizando a alocação de recursos conforme a direção pretendida pela organização. Além disso, a gestão de portfólio possibilita a conclusão de produtos com maior agilidade, aumento da quantidade de projetos finalizados com os mesmos recursos, redução do prazo dos projetos e aumento no índice de sucesso. Assim, a questão que orientou este estudo foi “quais são os fatores que influenciam o gerenciamento de portfólio e, consequentemente, a alocação de recursos em projetos?”. Dessa maneira, o objetivo geral da pesquisa foi identificar e descrever os fatores que influenciam o gerenciamento de portfólio e a alocação de recursos em projetos, em uma organização pública de grande porte, do setor de tecnologia da informação. A descrição dessa influência ocorreu a partir da percepção dos profissionais que atuam nos Escritórios de Projetos da empresa. A metodologia contemplou um estudo de caso único, viabilizado por uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados envolveu análise documental, aplicação de questionário e realização de entrevistas, caracterizando uma triangulação de dados, e permitindo maior compreensão sobre o fenômeno estudado. Com relação aos resultados, quanto ao primeiro objetivo específico, foi analisado e descrito como se encontravam alguns princípios, características e atividades de gestão de portfólio e alocação de recursos. Foi identificado que os princípios estão evoluindo para sustentar uma gestão de portfólio mais adequada, porém ainda carecem de maior investimento para beneficiarem a organização. Com relação ao segundo objetivo específico, foi analisado e descrito como que o trabalho promovido ou realizado nos Escritórios de Projetos influenciam na gestão de portfólio e alocação de recursos. Foi identificado que a influência ocorre por meio de atividades com diferentes níveis de sofisticação e rigor e em âmbitos hierárquicos distintos. No que diz respeito ao terceiro objetivo específico, foram identificados os principais fatores que influenciam a gestão de portfólio e a alocação de recursos, e foi descrito como eles exercem essa influência. Os fatores percebidos estão relacionados à definição explícita da estratégia, critérios de priorização, revisão periódica de portfólio, ferramentas, visibilidade do pool de recursos, patrocínio, pessoas e estrutura organizacional. Para cada fator, foi relatado se seu impacto foi positivo ou negativo, uma vez que, pelo porte da organização, há situações oportunas em alguns setores que, por não existirem em outros, tornam-se desfavoráveis. Os fatores e seus impactos contaram com o suporte da teoria nas condições favoráveis e adversas, servindo como meio para reforçar a importância do tema. Acredita-se que a principal contribuição do trabalho foi no sentido de demonstrar, empiricamente, os fatores que influenciam a gestão de portfólio e alocação de recursos em projetos em âmbitos distintos, e as consequências do nível variável de rigor e utilização de atividades de gerenciamento de portfólio

Changes in innovation styles - comprehensive study of the changes in innovation styles to identify the causes and effects of different influencing factors and capabilities to create a general innovation pattern.

An investigation in innovation management and entrepreneurial management is conducted in this thesis. The aim of the research is to explore changes of innovation styles in the transformation process from a start-up company to a more mature phase of business, to predict in a second step future sustainability and the probability of success. As businesses grow in revenue, corporate size and functional complexity, various triggers, supporters and drivers affect innovation and company's success. In a comprehensive study more than 200 innovative and technology driven companies have been examined and compared to identify patterns in different performance levels. All of them have been founded under the same formal requirements of the Munich Business Plan Competition -a research approach which allowed a unique snapshot that only long-term studies would be able to provide. The general objective was to identify the correlation between different factors, as well as different dimensions, to incremental and radical innovations realised. The 12 hypothesis were formed to prove have been derived from a comprehensive literature review. The relevant academic and practitioner literature on entrepreneurial, innovation, and knowledge management as well as social network theory revealed that the concept of innovation has evolved significantly over the last decade. A review of over 15 innovation models/frameworks contributed to understand what innovation in context means and what the dimensions are. It appears that the complex theories of innovation can be described by the increasing extent of social ingredients in the explanation of innovativeness. Originally based on tangible forms of capital, and on the necessity of pull and technology push, innovation management is today integrated in a larger system. Therefore, two research instruments have been developed to explore the changes in innovations styles. The Innovation Management Audits (IMA Start-up and IMA Mature) provided statements related to product/service development, innovativeness in various typologies, resources for innovations, innovation capabilities in conjunction to knowledge and management, social networks as well as the measurement of outcomes to generate high-quality data for further exploration. In obtaining results the mature companies have been clustered in the performance level low, average and high, while the start-up companies have been kept as one cluster. Firstly, the analysis exposed that knowledge, the process of acquiring knowledge, interorganisational networks and resources for innovations are the most important driving factors for innovation and success. Secondly, the actual change of the innovation style provides new insights about the importance of focusing on sustaining success and innovation ii 16 key areas. Thirdly, a detailed overview of triggers, supporters and drivers for innovation and success for each dimension support decision makers in putting their company in the right direction. Fourthly, a critical review of contemporary strategic management in conjunction to the findings provides recommendation of how to apply well-known management tools. Last but not least, the Munich cluster is analysed providing an estimation of the success probability of the different performance cluster and start-up companies. For the analysis of the probability of success of the newly developed as well as statistically and qualitative validated ICP Model (Innovativeness, Capabilities & Potential) has been developed and applied. While the model was primarily developed to evaluate the probability of success of companies; it has equal application in the situation to measure innovativeness to identify the impact of various strategic initiatives within small or large enterprises. The main findings of the model are that competitor, and customer orientation and acquiring knowledge important for incremental and radical innovation. Formal and interorganisation networks are important to foster innovation but informal networks appear to be detrimental to innovation. The testing of the ICP model h the long term is recommended as one subject of further research. Another is to investigate some of the more intangible aspects of innovation management such as attitude and motivation of mangers. IV

Going global in small steps: e-internships in SMEs.

Technological developments over the last thirty years increasingly shaped the means by which we recruit, select and appraise employees. Today, technology supports more flexible and geographically dispersed working modes: From teleworkers, to virtual workers, to e-interns (also known as virtual interns). The current article describes how developments in e-HRM and changes in employment forms contribute to the development and increasing popularity of e-internships (better known as virtual internships) amongst small and medium-sized enterprises. In this paper, we reflect on the rise of e-internships across different countries and relate this to e-HRM and technological advances. We explore the opportunities and challenges. These include developing effective global talent and knowledge management practices, managing diversity as well as intellectual and social capital. We furthermore link the employment of e-internship practices to strategic organizational goals and learning. In the final section, we also critically reflect on the high investment required for e-internships to succeed. The discussion on e-internships is set in the literature on e-HRM, virtual teams and knowledge management, which is furthermore supported by interviews conducted with e-interns or internship managers. Keywords: e-internships, virtual internships, computer-mediated communication

Library co-operation and ICT in the UK: an overview

Tedd, L.A. (2003). Library co-operation and ICT in the UK: an overview. Information Services and Use, 23(4), 199-210

Digital libraries: principles and practice in a global environment

Tedd, L.A. & Large, A. (2005). Digital libraries: principles and practice in a global environment. Munich: K.G. Saur.

Applications of outsourcing theory to collaborative purchasing and licensing

Urquhart, C. (2003). Applications of outsourcing theory to collaborative purchasing and licensing. VINE: The Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, 32(4), 63-70.

Systematic assessment of the training needs of health library staff

Urquhart, C., Spink, S., Thomas, R. & Durbin, J. (2005). Systematic assessment of the training needs of health library staff. Library and Information Research, 29(93), 35-42. Sponsorship: National Library for Health (NLH)

Training needs analysis of healthcare library staff, undertaken for South Yorkshire Workforce Development Confederation

Urquhart, C., Durbin, J. & Spink, S. (2004). Training needs analysis of healthcare library staff, undertaken for South Yorkshire Workforce Development Confederation. Aberystwyth: Department of Information Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth. Sponsorship: South Yorkshire WDC (NHS)

Assessing training and professional development needs of library staff. Report for National Library of Health

Urquhart, C., Spink, S. & Thomas, R., Assessing training and professional development needs of library staff. Report for National Library of Health. (2005). Aberystwyth: Department of Information Studies, University of Wales Aberystwyth Sponsorship: National Library for Health (NHS Information Authority)

World Library Summit and visits to libraries in Singapore: a report

Tedd, L.A. (2002). World Library Summit and visits to libraries in Singapore: a report. Program:electronic library and information systems, 36(4), 253-260.

Training for professional librarians in Slovakia by distance-learning methods: an overview of the PROLIB and EDULIB projects

Tedd, L.A., Dahl, K., Francis, S.,Tet?evov?, M.& ?ihlavn?kov?, E.(2002).Training for professional librarians in Slovakia by distance-learning methods: an overview of the PROLIB and EDULIB projects. Library Hi Tech, 20(3), 340-351. Sponsorship: European Union and the Open Society Institute

Procurement of electronic content across the UK National Health Service and Higher Education sectors. Report to JISC executive and LKDN executive.

Spink, S., Urquhart, C., Cox, A. & Higher Education Academy - Information and Computer Sciences Subject Centre. (2007). Procurement of electronic content across the UK National Health Service and Higher Education sectors. Report to JISC executive and LKDN executive. Sponsorship: JISC/LKDN

MUES (Mid Wales - Users - Ethnic Services) Ethnic services provision 2007-08. Report for Libraries for Life: Delivering the entitlement agenda for library users in Wales 2007-09

Thomas, R., Urquhart, C., Crossan, S. & Hines, B. (2008). MUES (Mid Wales - Users - Ethnic Services) Ethnic services provision 2007-08. Report for Libraries for Life: Delivering the entitlement agenda for library users in Wales 2007-09. Aberystwyth: Department of Information Studies, Aberystwyth University. Related policy guidance published separately Sponsorship: CyMAL

MUES (Mid Wales - Users - Ethnic Services) Ethnic services provision 2007-08. Policy guidance for Libraries for Life: Delivering the entitlement agenda for library users in Wales 2007-09

Urquhart, C., Thomas, R., Crossan, S. & Hines, B. (2008). MUES (Mid Wales - Users - Ethnic Services) Ethnic services provision 2007-08. Policy guidance for Libraries for Life: Delivering the entitlement agenda for library users in Wales 2007-09. Aberystwyth: Department of Information Studies, Aberystwyth University. Relates to report of same title - http://hdl.handle.net/2160/609 Sponsorship: CyMAL