Las Luces y el otro: ambigüedad del discurso ilustrado en torno al "Negro" en la Francia del siglo XVIII

Antonio Duplá Ansuategui, Piedad Frías Nogales e Iban Zaldúa (editores)

El moro como paradigma del "otro" en el nacionalismo español

Antonio Duplá Ansuategui, Piedad Frías Nogales e Iban Zaldúa (editores)

La imagen del "otro" en la Historia Contemporánea del País Vasco: nacionalismo vasco y socialismo

Antonio Duplá Ansuategui, Piedad Frías Nogales e Iban Zaldúa (editores)

Malcolm X y Steve Biko: la difícil recuperación de una identidad

Antonio Duplá Ansuategui, Piedad Frías Nogales e Iban Zaldúa (editores)

El "otro" en el imaginario europeo: el caso de los maghrebíes en Europa

Antonio Duplá Ansuategui, Piedad Frías Nogales e Iban Zaldúa (editores)

La alteridad en Europa hoy. Racismo e inmigración

Antonio Duplá Ansuategui, Piedad Frías Nogales e Iban Zaldúa (editores)

Relatorios e Synopses dos trabalhos parlamentares da Câmara dos Srs. Deputados : organizados na Secretaria da mesma Camara : 1869 - 1874

Sinopse dos trabalhos da Câmara dos Deputados, de 1869 a 1874.

The El Nino of 1972-1973 in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean

ENGLISH: Beginning in February 1972 the usual seasonal cooling of the surface water of the eastern Pacific Ocean in the region of the Peru Current and along the equator failed to develop. By July tropical coastal and equatorial island stations and ships crossing the equator were recording sea-surface temperatures which were 6° to 8°F (3.3°-4.4°C) above the long-term mean. The anomalies spread over most of the eastern tropical Pacific and westward into the central equatorial Pacific through September. During October surface temperatures at coastal stations along South America were returning to normal, but in November and December 1972 temperatures rose rapidly again, with a near-record temperature anomaly of 8.1°F (4.2°C) above the long-term mean recorded at Puerto Chieama, Peru (7°42'S-79°27'W). After January 1973 sea-surface temperatures began returning to normal over most of the eastern tropical Pacific, and by March 1973 the El Nino had completed its cycle. Monthly sea-surface temperature anomalies over the eastern tropical Pacific are discussed to show the extent and magnitude of warming. Annual temperature profiles at several South American coastal and equatorial island stations are compared with temperature profiles for the 1957-1958 and 1965 EI Nino years. Characteristics of the temperature anomaly profiles at Puerto Chicama during several very warm years for the 1925-1972 period are also compared. Finally, meteorological factors contributing to a relaxation of the southeast trade winds and to the decreased unwilling along the coast of South America in 1972-1973 are examined. SPANISH: A comienzos de febrero de 1972, no se registró el enfriamiento común estacional del agua superficial del Océano Pacífico oriental en la región de la Corriente del Perú y a lo largo del ecuador. En julio las estaciones tropicales, costeras y de las islas ecuatoriales, y los barcos que cruzaban la linea ecuatorial registraron temperaturas superficiales del mar de 6° a 8°F (3.3°-4.4°C) más altas que la media a largo plazo. Las anomalías se esparcieron sobre la mayoría del Pacífico oriental tropical, y al oeste en el Pacífico central ecuatorial. En octubre, las temperaturas superficiales de las estaciones costaneras a lo largo de Sudamérica volvieron a la normalidad, pero en noviembre y diciembre de 1972, las temperaturas de nuevo ascendieron rápidamente con una anomalía de temperatura que alcanzó 8.1°F (4.2°C) sobre la media a largo plazo registrada en Puerto Chicama, Perú (7°42'S-79°27'W). Después de enero 1973 las temperaturas de la superficie del mar volvieron rápidamente a la normalidad en la mayoría del Pacífico oriental tropical y en marzo de 1973 el Niño había completado su ciclo. Se discuten las anomalías mensuales de las temperaturas de la superficie del mar en el Pacífico oriental tropical para indicar la extensión y magnitud del calentamiento. Los perfiles anuales de temperatura en varias estaciones costeras y de las islas ecuatoriales sudamericanas se comparan con los perfiles de temperatura de los años en que ocurrió el Niño en 1957-1958 y 1965. Se comparan también las características de los perfiles de las anomalías de temperatura en Puerto Chicama durante varios años muy cálidos para el período de 1925-1972. Finalmente, se examinan los factores meteorológicos que contribuyen al debilitamiento de los vientos alisios del sudeste y a la reducción del afloramiento a lo largo de la costa sudamericana en 1972-1973. (PDF contains 48 pages.)

Transformaciones en el proceso de morir : la eutanasia, una cuestión en debate en la sociedad vasca

VI,533 p.

The effect of long term exploitation by the gill net fishery on the multispecies fish stocks in Kainji Lake, Nigeria, 1969-1997

The findings are presented of an assessment made of the gillnet fishery in Kainji Lake, Nigeria from 1969 to the present, on the basis of data sets from commercial and experimental gillnet fishing, with the purpose to detect trends in some key fishery monitoring indicators. During this period, there has been an increase in the number of small meshed nets in the fishery resulting in a shift in the mode to lower mesh sizes; consequently, the average mesh size declined gradually in the fishery. This trend is found to be directly correlated with the decline in the CPUE and mean weight of the fish species. It is argued that the observed trend in CPUE and mean weight is forcing the fishermen to switch effort to gears such as traps which have very small meshes and can indescriminately take all sizes of the fish. It is shown that the catch composition by weight of Citharinus citharus, Lates niloticus and tilapias declined in the gillnet fishery in the late 70's and early 80's. Recent data, from 1994 to 1996, however indicates that C. citharus is recovering, but with declining mean weight. This suggests that the exploitation pattern is shifting to the smaller fish through the use of small meshed nets. In general, however, there has not been drastic changes in species bio-diversity in the Lake as a result of predatory effect and ecosystem overfishing as has happened in other great African Lakes. The species composition since lake formation continued to be dominated by fewer that 20 species. The potential yield for the lake has been estimated to be 32,166 tonnes (excluding clupeids) and the required optimum fishing effort to be 1,814 fishing canoes. In view of the relative stability of the species diversity in the lake and the current fish production level, it is proposed here that this MSY be adopted for all species. This would be achieved with the current effort level in the lake assuming that the efficiency of the fishermen and their gears do not improve. It should be reviewed after 10 or more years of catch and effort data collection. (PDF contains 65 pages)

Self-focusing, Raman, and modulation instability of shaped relativistic laser pulse in plasmas

The interaction of shaped laser pulses with plasmas is studied in a strict theoretical framework without adopting the slow-varying envelope approximation (SVEA). Any physical quantities involved in the interaction are denoted as a summation of different real quantities of respective phases. The relationships among the phases of those real quantities and their moduli are strictly analyzed. Such strict analyses lead to a more exact equation set for the three-dimensional envelope of the laser pulse, which is not based on SVEA. Based on this equation set, self-focusing, Raman, and modulation instabilities could be discussed in a unified framework. The solutions of this equation set for the laser envelope reveal many possible multicolor laser modes in plasmas. The energy and the shape of a pulse determine its propagation through plasmas in a multicolor mode or in a monochromic mode. A global growth rate is introduced to measure the speed of the transition from the monochromic mode in vacuum to a possible mode in plasmas. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.

Dynamics of femtosecond laser pulse induced damage in multilayers

We report the single-shot damage thresholds of MgF2/ZnS onmidirectional reflector for laser pulse durations from 50 A to 900 fs. A coupled dynamic model is applied to study the damage mechanisms, in which we consider not only the electronic excitation of the material, but also the influence of this excitation-induced changes in the complex refractive index of material on the laser pulse itself. The results indicate that this feedback effect plays a very important role during the damage of material. Based on this model, we calculate the threshold fluences and the time-resolved excitation process of the multiplayer. The theoretical calculations agree well with our experimental results. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

De samurais a empresarios. La industrialización de Japón

En este trabajo se analiza el proceso de industrialización de Japón, así como los factores que influyeron en el mismo a finales del siglo XIX. En una primera parte se estudia el cambio de régimen político tras la caida del shogunato Tokugawa y el ascenso al poder del emperador Meiji. En una segunda parte se analizan los principales sectores económicos del pais y los efectos que la nueva política gubernamental tuvo sobre ellos. Por último se dedica un apartado a los zaibatsu, conglomerado empresarial característico del Japón de la época.

Avaliação das condições ambientais e de trabalho em salas cirúrgicas e de necropsia - estudos de casos em hospitais públicos e IMLs da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro

A qualidade do ar é um importante indicador de saúde ambiental, sendo o seu monitoramento contínuo necessário. Apesar da relevância do tema, há muitos países em que os limites de exposição para agentes biológicos ainda não foram estabelecidos ou foram definidos de forma inadequada, podendo comprometer a qualidade ambiental. Os ambientes hospitalares, assim como as salas de necropsia podem apresentar problemas de contaminação do ar por agentes microbiológicos, necessitando de monitoramento contínuo a fim de evitar a ocorrência de doenças nos trabalhadores e na população em geral. Este estudo realizou a avaliação microbiológica do ar em hospitais públicos e IMLs da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro em salas cirúrgicas e de necropsia. A pesquisa exploratória e descritiva baseou-se em levantamento bibliográfico e investigação de campo, através de estudos de casos. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas e observação direta nos locais de trabalho, onde foram realizadas as avaliações microbiológicas do ar. As variações em salas cirúrgicas para bactérias e fungos foram respectivamente de 14,99 ufc/m3 88,29 ufc/m3 e de 45,93 ufc/m3 - 742,09 ufc/m3. Já nas salas de necropsia os valores para bactérias e fungos variaram respectivamente de 18,96 ufc/m3 54,9 ufc/m3 e de 144,87 ufc/m3 - 1152,01 ufc/m3. Foram identificados tanto no ambiente cirúrgico como nas salas de necropsia a presença dos seguintes fungos: Aspergillus sp., Neurospora sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp., e Trichoderma sp. Já em relação às bactérias foram identificadas as presenças de Staphilococcus sp., Streptococcus sp. e Micrococcus sp. Foram traçadas recomendações para melhoria da qualidade ambiental e do ar. Os resultados indicaram que os valores são elevados quando comparados com as recomendações das normas internacionais. Foram encontrados valores inferiores aos sugeridos pela CP n. 109 da ANVISA. A presença de microrganismos patogênicos sugere adoção de medidas de controle ambiental. O estudo apontou a necessidade urgente do estabelecimento de valores de referência para ambientes hospitalares no Brasil a fim de garantir condições seguras que não venham a comprometer a saúde dos pacientes e profissionais de saúde envolvidos.