[Magnificentiores selectioresque Urbis Venetiarum prospectus quos olim Michael Marieschi, Venetus pictor et architectus in plerisque tabulis depinxit, nunc vero ab ipsomet acurate delineante, incidente, tyspisque mandante, iterum in sexdecim aereis tabulis in lucem aeduntur]. [5], Magnificum Aedium Divalium impluvium varie, et eleganter exornatum, ac in eius extrema parte Testudines Basilicae D: Marci supereminentes : [estampe] / Mich.l Marieschi del.t et inci.t

Référence bibliographique : Toledano, Marieschi, 4c

[Magnificentiores selectioresque Urbis Venetiarum prospectus quos olim Michael Marieschi, Venetus pictor et architectus in plerisque tabulis depinxit, nunc vero ab ipsomet acurate delineante, incidente, tyspisque mandante, iterum in sexdecim aereis tabulis in lucem aeduntur]. [7], Forum minus D: Marci ab asteruariis conspectum, cum carceribus, et Curia ad dexteram ; et e regione Telonium, ac Templum D: Mariae Salutis cesnuntur ; ubi Canalis magnus initium habet. : [estampe] / Mich.l Marieschi del.t et inci.t

Référence bibliographique : Toledano, Marieschi, 5f

[Magnificentiores selectioresque Urbis Venetiarum prospectus quos olim Michael Marieschi, Venetus pictor et architectus in plerisque tabulis depinxit, nunc vero ab ipsomet acurate delineante, incidente, tyspisque mandante, iterum in sexdecim aereis tabulis in lucem aeduntur] ; [17]. Platea ac Templum D: D: Joannis et Pauli et proxime magnum Sodalitium D: Marco Eu: dicatum: eminet in medio statua equestris aenea Bartholomaeo Colleonio erecta S: C: : [estampe] / Mich.l Marieschi del.t et inci.t

Référence bibliographique : Toledano, Marieschi, 27b

[Magnificentiores selectioresque Urbis Venetiarum prospectus quos olim Michael Marieschi, Venetus pictor et architectus in plerisque tabulis depinxit, nunc vero ab ipsomet acurate delineante, incidente, tyspisque mandante, iterum in sexdecim aereis tabulis in lucem aeduntur] ; [17]. Platea ac Templum D: D: Joannis et Pauli et proxime magnum Sodalitium D: Marco Eu: dicatum: eminet in medio statua equestris aenea Bartholomaeo Colleonio erecta S: C: : [estampe] / Mich.l Marieschi del.t et inci.t

Référence bibliographique : Toledano, Marieschi, 27b

Eximii prospectus Atrii ex pluribus architecturæ caracteribus excogitatus; cuius exemplum in teatro depictum plauderetur. Totum a Michaele Marieschi recens inuentum, ac incisum. : [estampe] ([2e état ?]) / [Michele Marieschi]

Référence bibliographique : Toledano, Marieschi, HC

Disseny d'una instal·lació fotovoltaica connectada a xarxa sobre el teulat d'una vivenda unifamiliar

Els punts que es duent a terme en la realització d'aquest projecte són: dimensionat de la superfície captadora, dimensionat equip conversió DC-AC (inversor), dimensionat cablejat elèctric per interconnexió entre camp FV i la xarxa de baixa tensió, dimensionat de la protecció de la instal·lació i dimensionat protecció sobre les persones

Viabilidade de sementes de acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC): avaliação da vitalidade dos tecidos

A morfologia interna e a viabilidade de sementes de acerola (Malpighia emarginata DC.) foram estudadas utilizando-se o tetrazólio (cloreto de 2, 3, 5 trifenil tetrazólio). Dos clones testados, o Flórida Sweet foi o que apresentou a menor percentagem de sementes com embriões normais (10%) como também em reação às sementes sem embriões (8%) e o maior percentagem de sementes com embriões deformados (81%). O clone 07-OS apresentou maior percentagem de sementes com embriões normais (51%) e um número considerado elevado de sementes sem embriões (34%). Os demais clones apresentaram valores intermediários. Para todos os clones avaliados, as sementes com embriões normais apresentaram 100% de embriões viáveis. Essas sementes submetidas ao teste de tetrazólio por um período de 12 horas, apresentaram-se com uma coloração vermelha intensa, considerada ideal para a avaliação positiva da viabilidade das sementes. Estes resultados não podem, entretanto, ser tomados para prognóstico e o cálculo da taxa de germinação e dormência, apenas indicando que as sementes estão vivas.

Converter-flux-based current control of voltage source PWM rectifiers - analysis and implementation

Pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) rectifier technology is increasingly used in industrial applications like variable-speed motor drives, since it offers several desired features such as sinusoidal input currents, controllable power factor, bidirectional power flow and high quality DC output voltage. To achieve these features,however, an effective control system with fast and accurate current and DC voltage responses is required. From various control strategies proposed to meet these control objectives, in most cases the commonly known principle of the synchronous-frame current vector control along with some space-vector PWM scheme have been applied. Recently, however, new control approaches analogous to the well-established direct torque control (DTC) method for electrical machines have also emerged to implement a high-performance PWM rectifier. In this thesis the concepts of classical synchronous-frame current control and DTC-based PWM rectifier control are combined and a new converter-flux-based current control (CFCC) scheme is introduced. To achieve sufficient dynamic performance and to ensure a stable operation, the proposed control system is thoroughly analysed and simple rules for the controller design are suggested. Special attention is paid to the estimationof the converter flux, which is the key element of converter-flux-based control. Discrete-time implementation is also discussed. Line-voltage-sensorless reactive reactive power control methods for the L- and LCL-type line filters are presented. For the L-filter an open-loop control law for the d-axis current referenceis proposed. In the case of the LCL-filter the combined open-loop control and feedback control is proposed. The influence of the erroneous filter parameter estimates on the accuracy of the developed control schemes is also discussed. A newzero vector selection rule for suppressing the zero-sequence current in parallel-connected PWM rectifiers is proposed. With this method a truly standalone and independent control of the converter units is allowed and traditional transformer isolation and synchronised-control-based solutions are avoided. The implementation requires only one additional current sensor. The proposed schemes are evaluated by the simulations and laboratory experiments. A satisfactory performance and good agreement between the theory and practice are demonstrated.

Sliding Mode Control for Switched Mode Power Supplies

Control applications of switched mode power supplies have been widely investigated. The main objective ofresearch and development (R&D) in this field is always to find the most suitable control method to be implemented in various DC/DC converter topologies. Inother words, the goal is to select a control method capable of improving the efficiency of the converter, reducing the effect of disturbances (line and load variation), lessening the effect of EMI (electro magnetic interference), and beingless effected by component variation. The main objective of this research work is to study different control methods implemented in switched mode power supplies namely (PID control, hysteresis control, adaptive control, current programmed control, variable structure control (VSC), and sliding mode control (SMC). The advantages and drawbacks of each control method are given. Two control methods, the PID and the SMC are selected and their effects on DC/DC (Buck, Boost, and Buck-Boost) converters are examined. Matlab/SimulinkTM is used to implement PID control method in DC/DC Buck converter and SMC in DC/DC (Buck, and Buck Boost) converters. For the prototype, operational amplifiers (op-amps) are used to implement PID control in DC/DC Buck converter. For SMC op-amps are implemented in DC/DC Buck converter and dSPACETM is used to control the DC/DC Buck-Boost converter. The SMC can be applied to the DC/DC (Buck, Boost, and Buck-Boost) converters. A comparison of the effects of the PID control and the SMC on the DC/DC Buck converter response in steady state, under line variations, load variations, and different component variations is performed. Also the Conducted RF-Emissions between the PID and SMC DC/DC Buck Converter are compared. The thesis shows that, in comparison with the PID control, the SMC provides better steady-state response, better dynamic response, less EMI, inherent order reduction, robustness against system uncertainty disturbances, and an implicit stability proof. Giving a better steady-state and dynamic response, the SMC is implemented in a DC/DC resonant converter. The half-wave zero current switching (HWZCS) DC/DC Buck converter is selected as a converter topology. A general guideline to select the tank component values, needed for the designing of a HWZCS DC/DC Buck, is obtained. The implementation of the SMC to a HWZCS DC/DC Buck converter is analysed. The converter response is investigated in the steady-state region and in the dynamic region.

Germinação in vitro e armazenamento do pólen de Eugenia involucrata DC (Myrtaceae)

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de estabelecer condições adequadas para testes de germinação in vitro do pólen de cerejeira-do-rio-grande (Eugenia involucrata DC), bem como verificar a possibilidade de armazená-lo em freezer (-16,5°C). O pólen foi coletado de flores em estádio de balão e logo após a antese. Os meios de cultura testados foram o meio padrão (10% de açúcar e 1% de ágar em água destilada) e este acrescido de duas concentrações de H3BO3 (0,65mM e 1,3mM). Foram testadas as temperaturas de incubação de 25 e 30ºC. O período de incubação foi de três horas, para todos os tratamentos. A incubação a 25°C, em meio de cultura-padrão, proporcionou boas médias (61,4%) de germinação in vitro. Pólen coletado de flores após a antese apresentou maiores porcentagens de germinação. O boro não influenciou na germinação média do pólen. O pólen de cerejeira-do-rio-grande manteve sua viabilidade (60,0%) após 90 dias de armazenamento a -16,5°C. Entretanto, após 220 e 280 dias, esta foi reduzida para 40,6% e 24,2% e, após 530 dias, houve perda total de viabilidade.

Stable carbon isotopes in archaeobotanical remains and palaeoclimate

Es descriu una metodologia recent per a inferir la precipitació en el passat basada en l’anàlisi de la composició isotòpica del carboni (δ13C) en restes arqueobotàniques. Un cop descrita la base fisiològica de la tècnica, s’il·lustra l’aplicabilitat de δ13C mitjançant un exemple referent al NE peninsular. Hom pretén proporcionar una estimació quantitativa de l’evolució de la precipitació estacional (primavera) i anual al llarg dels darrers quatre mil anys basada en δ13C. Les mostres analitzades comprenen carbons (pi blanc) i llavors carbonitzades (blat i ordi), i s’obtenen estimes pluviomètriques superiors en el passat que actualment, amb una tendència gradual cap a condicions progressivament més àrides. No obstant això, aquesta tendència no esdevé uniforme, i es detecten dues fases de major precipitació (1800-900 aC; 300 aC - 300 dC) alternadament amb períodes relativament secs (900-300 aC; 900 dC - present). Dels resultats presentats també es desprèn que la importància relativa de la pluja primaveral en el passat fou variable. Des d’aproximadament el 300 aC en endavant, el període primaveral subministrà una major proporció de pluja anual que actualment. Contràriament, durant el període 1800-800 dC la seva contribució va esdevenir inferior, i va aparèixer una fase transitòria (800-300 aC) que mostra una recuperació sobtada en aportació primaveral. Posteriorment a aquesta fase la sincronia de canvis en δ13C en granes i carbons suggereix l’arribada del clima mediterrani a la regió.