Evidence for a protective role of metallothionein-1 in focal cerebral ischemia

Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of metal binding proteins that have been proposed to participate in a cellular defense against zinc toxicity and free radicals. In the present study, we investigated whether increased expression of MT in MT-1 isoform-overexpressing transgenic mice (MT-TG) affords protection against mild focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Transient focal ischemia was induced in control (wild type) and MT-TG mice by occluding the right middle cerebral artery for 45 min. Upon reperfusion, cerebral edema slowly developed and peaked at 24 hr as shown by T2-weighted MRI. The volume of affected tissue was on the average 42% smaller in MT-TG mice compared with control mice at 6, 9, 24, and 72 hr and 14 days postreperfusion (P < 0.01). In addition, functional studies showed that 3 weeks after reperfusion MT-TG mice showed a significantly better motor performance compared with control mice (P = 0.011). Although cortical baseline levels of MT-1 mRNA were similar in control and MT-TG mice, there was an increase in MT-1 mRNA levels in the ischemic cortex of MT-TG mice to 7.5 times baseline levels compared with an increase to 2.3 times baseline levels in control mice 24 hr after reperfusion. In addition, MT-TG mice showed an increased MT immunoreactivity in astrocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and neurons 24 hr after reperfusion whereas in control mice MT immunoreactivity was restricted mainly to astrocytes and decreased in the infarcted tissue. These results provide evidence that increased expression of MT-1 protects against focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

A single dose of kainic acid elevates the levels of enkephalins and activator protein-1 transcription factors in the hippocampus for up to 1 year

Neuronal plasticity plays a very important role in brain adaptations to environmental stimuli, disease, and aging processes. The kainic acid model of temporal lobe epilepsy was used to study the long-term anatomical and biochemical changes in the hippocampus after seizures. Using Northern blot analysis, immunocytochemistry, and Western blot analysis, we have found a long-term elevation of the proconvulsive opioid peptide, enkephalin, in the rat hippocampus. We have also demonstrated that an activator protein-1 transcription factor, the 35-kDa fos-related antigen, can be induced and elevated for at least 1 year after kainate treatment. This study demonstrated that a single systemic injection of kainate produces almost permanent increases in the enkephalin and an activator protein-1 transcription factor, the 35-kDa fos-related antigen, in the rat hippocampus, and it is likely that these two events are closely associated with the molecular mechanisms of induction of long-lasting enhanced seizure susceptibility in the kainate-induced seizure model. The long-term expression of the proenkephalin mRNA and its peptides in the kainate-treated rat hippocampus also suggests an important role in the recurrent seizures of temporal lobe epilepsy.

Construction of neocentromere-based human minichromosomes by telomere-associated chromosomal truncation

Neocentromeres (NCs) are fully functional centromeres that arise ectopically in noncentromeric regions lacking α-satellite DNA. Using telomere-associated chromosome truncation, we have produced a series of minichromosomes (MiCs) from a mardel(10) marker chromosome containing a previously characterized human NC. These MiCs range in size from ≈0.7 to 1.8 Mb and contain single-copy intact genomic DNA from the 10q25 region. Two of these NC-based Mi-Cs (NC-MiCs) appear circular whereas one is linear. All demonstrate stability in both structure and mitotic transmission in the absence of drug selection. Presence of a functional NC is shown by binding a host of key centromere-associated proteins. These NC-MiCs provide direct evidence for mitotic segregation function of the NC DNA and represent examples of stable mammalian MiCs lacking centromeric repeats.

Tales and novels,

Added t.-p., engr.: Novels and tales ... N. Y., 1832-34.

The novels of Maria Edgeworth.

v.1-2. Belinda.--v.3-4. Leonora. Ennui.--v.5-6. Vivian. The Absentee.--v.7-8. Patronage.--v.9-10. Harrington. Ormond.--v.11-12. Helen.

Tales and novels /

Each bound vol. has added t.p. engraved, from another edition: Novels and tales / by Maria Edgeworth. In ten volumes. -- New York : Harper.

1997 Women's Rowing Team, U-M Rowing

Front Row: Marita Esteva, Kristie Aiuto, Scarlet McCarthy, Rossalyn Quaye, Jackie Pilette, Marcie Klein, Elizabeth Windram, Alison Massagli, Jeanine Seeger

Row 2: Jennifer Kinon, Jen Mayman, Lauren Maxwell, Erin Fitzgerald, Amy Ravit, Laurel LaCour, Maya Key, Amy Teunis, Nell Hurley, Erica Semeyn, Sarah Kepner

Row 3: Dawn Emick, Katie Roek, Tina Marzo, Courtney Jackson, Kendra Miller, Nora Obringer, Jaime Stilson, Danielle Starring, Anne Reader, Kate MacKenzie, Vita Scaglione

Row 4: Belinda Koo, Michelle Wolbert, Katherine Stone, Stephanie Norwell, Lisa Labadie, Jeanette Stawski, Nazema Siddiqui, Claudia Lopez, Katie Weed

Row 5: Emily Green, Tina Stutzman, Carrie Brecht, Kelly Raczak, Vanessa Giancamilli, Allison Torres, Heather Uhring, Ashley Andersen, Alyson Moskwa

Top Row: assistant coach Emily Ford, assistant coach Pam Carroll, head coach Mark Rothstein, special assistant Brady Bustany, student trainer Jennifer Nauman, student trainer Jennifer Jackson, student trainer Robin Reiter

1998 Women's Rowing Team, U-M Rowing

Front Row: Head Coach Mark Rothstein, Kate MacKenzie, Kelly Raczak, Katie Roek, Emily Green, Mary Gratiot, Nicole Bryson, Dawn Emick, Claudia Lopez, Sarah Domnitz, Marcie Klein, Assistant Coach Emily Ford.

Middle Row: Heather Uhring, Laurel LaCour, Michelle Wolbert, Jeannette Stawski, Tina Stsutzman, Nora Obringer, Sera Coppolino, Belinda Koo, Jen Kinon, Jackie Pilette. Back

Row: Kate Johnson, Jaime Stilson, Alison Hickey, Melanie Duncan, Jen Mayman, Kathy Stone, Vanessa Giancamilli, Vita Scaglione, Jeanine Seeger, Kara Paske

(Not Pictured: Lisa Labadie)

1999 Women's Rowing Team, U-M Rowing

Front Row: Diana Kozloff, Claudia Lopez, Nicole Bryant, Belinda Koo, Marcie Klein, Layne Schiff Daniela Garcia, Fazeela Siddiqui.

Second Row: Jacelyn Ferstle, Sera Coppolino, Julie Brescoll, Alison Hickey, Heather Uhring, Kara Paske, Justin Goble, Melissa Andrzejak, Laurie Burkitt, Molly McMahon, Angela Beirhuizen, Jenny Bryant, Nora Obringer, Jessica Hoppe

Third Row: Kelly Raczak, Jennifer Kinon, Tammy Chang, Courtney Johnson, Christins Meyer, Lisa Hopkins, Caroline Gregory, Susan Shortreed, Nicole Plott, Alexandra Ponikvar, Elizabeth Nelson, Jaime Stilson, Katherine Johnson, Melanie Duncan, Hillary Loomis, Toby Scott, Christine Ribbens, Cheryl Katz.

Fourth Row: Amalia Stefanou, Sarah Price, Michelle Wolbert, Janet Jin, Vita Scaglione, Tamara McBratney, Missy Meier, Melinda Ball, Megan Memmer, Vanessa D'Anna, Carolyn Eichenhorn, Mary Goodwin, Noelle Erbeck, Jeanine Seeger, Monica Howie, Erin Gasser, Laurel Donnel-Fink,

Not Pictured: Julie Muething,

2000 Women's Rowing Team, U-M Rowing

Front Row: Jeanine Seeger, Rachel Brunelle, Belinda Koo, Fazeela Siddiqui, Helen Dalis, Samantha Chao, Haley Choi, Carissa Bragg, Kim Roseland, Erin Brosko, Leslie Field, Danielle Scaglione, Sam Ehrlich

Second Row: Angela Bierhuizen, Petra Juzwishin, Melinda Ball, Hanna Fenster, Catherine Aiken, Christine Milkovich, Megan Harrison, Margaret Conway, Abby Hill, Alyssa Wood, Emoke Bury, Stormy McGee

Third Row: Brooke Goodwin, Nora Obringer, Liz Glenn, Brooke Schultz, Can Aretakis, Kelly Wilson, Pam Reid, Kelly Godchaux, Sarah Melton, Amy Anstandig, Erin Kopicki, Christina Ceo

Fourth Row: Student Athletic Trainer Shayla Sellers, Melanie Duncan, Kristine Johns, Tamara McBratney, Sophie Roberge, Caroline Gregory, Alexandria Ponikvar, Julie Brescoll, Liz Nelson, Christina Meyer, Sera Coppolino, Jen Kinon

Fifth Row: Student Volunteer Sara Price, Student Volunteer Sara Domnitz, Kate Johnson, Justin Goble, Jenny Bryant, Laurel Donnell-Fink, Jaime Stilson, Alison Hickey, Student Athletic Trainer Kiara King

Top Row: Boatman Matt LeBlanc, Assistant Coach Emily Ford, Head Coach Mark Rothstein, Assistant Coach Karen Smyte, Coaching Intern Vita Scaglione

The human factor in mining reclamation /

Mode of access: Internet.