Stikhotvorenīi︠a︡ K.R. [i.e. Konstantina Romanova]

Mode of access: Internet.

Geschichte der Regierung und Bildung von Baden unter Carl Friedrich.

Mode of access: Internet.

Conjunctival UV autofluorescence - prevalence and risk factors

Purpose: Autofluorescence of ultraviolet (UV) light has been shown to occur in localised areas of the bulbar conjunctiva, which map to active cellular changes due to UV and environmental exposure. This study examined the presence of conjunctival UV autofluorescence in eye care practitioners (ECPs) across Europe and the Middle East and its associated risk factors. Method: Images were captured of 307 ECPs right eyes in the Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Kuwait, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom using a Nikon D100 camera and dual flash units through UV filters. UV autofluorescence was outlined using ImageJ software and the nasal and temporal area quantified. Subjects were required to complete a questionnaire on their demographics and lifestyle including general exposure to UV and refractive correction. Results: Average age of the subjects was 38.5±12.2 years (range 19-68) and 39.7% were male. Sixty-two percent of eyes had some conjunctival damage as indicated by UV autofluorescence. The average area of damage was higher (p=0.005) nasally (2.95±4.52mm2) than temporally (2.19±4.17mm2). The area of UV damage was not related to age (r=0.03, p=0.674), gender (p=0.194), self-reported sun exposure lifestyle (p>0.05), geographical location (p=0174), sunglasses use (p>0.05) or UV-blocking contact lens use (p>0.05), although it was higher in those wearing contact lenses with minimal UV-blocking and no spectacles (p=0.015). The area of UV damage was also less nasally in those who wore contact lenses and spectacles compared to those with no refractive correction use (p=0.011 nasal; p=0.958 temporal). Conclusion: UV conjunctival damage is common even in Europe, Kuwait and UAE, and among ECPs. The area of damage appears to be linked with the use of refractive correction, with greater damage nasally than temporally which may be explained by the peripheral light focusing effect.

Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, II Duque de Alba y su inventario de libros (1531): Una biblioteca patrimonial

Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, que nació hacia 1460 y murió en 1531, lidera en Castilla el linaje de la casa de Alba en el tránsito de la Edad Media al Renacimiento. Primo carnal de Fernando el Católico, y colaborador íntimo de los Reyes, desarrolla una amplia labor de mecenazgo artístico y literario, de la cual son ejemplos relevantes los apoyos a poetas como Juan del Encina, Juan Boscán o Garcilaso de la Vega. A pesar de esta actividad, la crítica no se ha ocupado con detalle de este personaje por haberle eclipsado un tanto su nieto, el Gran Duque de Alba. Este artículo reproduce el inventario de la biblioteca de Don Fadrique (formado por los libros que fueron catalogados a su muerte), inédito hasta ahora y que nos muestra una rica biblioteca patrimonial de ciento ochenta y seis obras. Entre los libros religiosos encontramos biblias, tratados de oración y libros de horas; se hallan también algunos títulos indispensables de las tradiciones franciscana y dominica, que nos muestran a un personaje interesado en las nuevas corrientes devocionales de finales del siglo XV, en el escolasticismo y en las mujeres santas y visionarias del Medievo.

Nya utmanare – nya strategier? : Etablerade partier bemöter ny konkurrens

The purpose of this study is to examine the strategic choice of mainstream parties in relation to the competition of voters posed by a niche party and their most important issue, in this case radicalist rightwing populists and the migration issue. The study uses a comparative approach to examine the mainstream parties Social Democrats and Moderates reaction to the niche parties New Democracy 1991-1994 and Sweden Democrats 2010-2015. Using Meguid´s PSO-theory and by performing an qualitative analyse of the parties rhetoric and political suggestions in the parliamentary debates as well as in government bills and reservations in committee reports, the study aims to describe mainstream parties position on the issue and if and how they change position and strategy. The results of the study shows that both mainstream parties over all applies an adversarial strategy, aiming to maintain distance to the niche party and its position but with time and due to changes in the political environment, changes in position and strategy takes place and the mainstream parties applies a slightly more accommodative strategy.

Nya utmanare – nya strategier? : Etablerade partier bemöter ny konkurrens

The purpose of this study is to examine the strategic choice of mainstream parties in relation to the competition of voters posed by a niche party and their most important issue, in this case radicalist rightwing populists and the migration issue. The study uses a comparative approach to examine the mainstream parties Social Democrats and Moderates reaction to the niche parties New Democracy 1991-1994 and Sweden Democrats 2010-2015. Using Meguid´s PSO-theory and by performing an qualitative analyse of the parties rhetoric and political suggestions in the parliamentary debates as well as in government bills and reservations in committee reports, the study aims to describe mainstream parties position on the issue and if and how they change position and strategy. The results of the study shows that both mainstream parties over all applies an adversarial strategy, aiming to maintain distance to the niche party and its position but with time and due to changes in the political environment, changes in position and strategy takes place and the mainstream parties applies a slightly more accommodative strategy.

Gymnasielärares skrivpraktiker : Skrivande som professionell handling i en digitaliserad skola

The aim of this thesis is to contribute to deeper knowledge about the writing practices of teachers in upper secondary school. Schools are under constant pressure to respond to the needs and expectations of an ever-changing society and political intentions. A major factor in this change which is taking place in schools is digitalization. Another factor is the adoption of new governing principles for schools involving management by goals and results, which brings increased demands for written documentation of teachers' work. In order to describe and problematize this development the thesis is based on a combination of Critical Discourse Analysis and New Literacy (Clark and Ivanič, 1997). The theoretical framework rests upon an understanding of writing as social action and the idea that texts both affect and are affected by the social environment. The empirical study focuses on twelve teachers and their writing practices, analyzed during week-long field visits over three years. The teachers' talk about their writing is used together with analyses of texts and images to investigate parts of teachers' writing which, according to the teachers, are considered complex and problematic. The findings indicate significant differences between the writing practices of the individual teachers, where each teacher has his or her own system of texts fulfilling different purposes. Despite these differences it is still possible to identify recurrent themes in the discursive conditions for teachers' writing: efficiency, reuse, authority, audit, relationships to addressees, and room to maneuver. The study illustrates possible dilemmas for teachers' writing at the intersection of teachers' professional responsibility and demands for accountability.

The Napoleon myth. Containing a reprint of "The grand erratum,"

Mode of access: Internet.

The youngest soldier of the Grand Armée.

Mode of access: Internet.

Isolation and Characterization of a Natriuretic Peptide from Crotalus oreganus abyssus (Grand Canyon Rattlesnake) and its Effects on Systemic Blood Pressure and Nitrite Levels

Studies on the therapeutic potential of venom peptides have significantly advanced the development of new peptide drugs. A good example is captopril, a synthetic peptide drug, which acts as an anti-hypertensive and potentiating bradykinin, inhibiting the angiotensin-converting enzyme, whose precursor was isolated from the venom of Bothrops jararacussu. The natriuretic peptide (NPs) family comprises three members, ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide), BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) and CNP (C-type natriuretic peptide), and has an important role in blood pressure regulation and electrolyte homeostasis. In this study, we describe, for the first time, the isolation and characterization of a novel natriuretic-like peptide (Coa_NP), isolated from Crotalus Oreganus abyssus venom. The peptide has 32 amino acids and its complete sequence is SKRLSNGCFGLKLDRIGAMSGLGCWRLINESK. The Coa_NP has an average molecular mass of 3510.98 Da and its amino acid sequence presents the loop region that is characteristic of natriuretic peptides (17 amino acids, NP domain consensus; CFGXXXDRIXXXSGLGC). Coa_NP is a natriuretic peptide of the ANP/BNP-like family, since the carboxy terminal region of CNP has its own NP domain. The functional experiments showed that Coa_NP produced biological effects similar to those of the other natriuretic peptides: (1) a dose-dependent decrease in mean arterial pressure; (2) significant increases in plasma nitrite levels, and (3) vasorelaxation in thoracic aortic rings that were pre-contracted with phenylephrine. The structural and biological aspects confirm Coa_NP as a natriuretic peptide isolated from snake venom, thus expanding the diversification of venom components.