Combination Therapy for the Cardiovascular Effects of Perinatal Lead Exposure in Young and Adult Rats

Background: Combination therapy can play a significant role in the amelioration of several toxic effects of lead (Pb) and recovery from associated cardiovascular changes. Objective: To investigate the effects of combination therapy on the cardiovascular effects of perinatal lead exposure in young and adult rats Methods: Female Wistar rats received drinking water with or without 500 ppm of Pb during pregnancy and lactation. Twenty-two- and 70-day-old rat offspring who were or were not exposed to Pb in the perinatal period received meso-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), L-arginine, or enalapril and a combination of these compounds for 30 additional days. Noradrenaline response curves were plotted for intact and denuded aortas from 23-, 52-, 70-, and 100-day-old rats stratified by perinatal Pb exposure (exposed/unexposed) and treatment received (treated/untreated). Results: Systolic blood pressure was evaluated and shown to be higher in the 23-, 52-, 70-, and 100-day age groups with Pb exposure than in the corresponding control age groups: 117.8 ± 3.9*, 135.2 ± 1.3*, 139.6 ± 1.6*, and 131.7 ± 2.8*, respectively and 107.1 ± 1.8, 118.8 ± 2.1, 126.1 ± 1.1, and 120.5 ± 2.2, respectively (p < 0.05). Increased reactivity to noradrenaline was observed in intact, but not denuded, aortas from 52-, 70-, and 100-day-old exposed rats, and the maximum responses (g of tension) in the respective Pb-exposed and control age groups were as follows: 3.43 ± 0.16*, 4.32 ± 0.18*, and 4.21 ± 0.23*, respectively and 2.38 ± 0.33, 3.37 ± 0.13, and 3.22 ± 0.21, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions: All treatments reversed the changes in vascular reactivity to noradrenaline in rats perinatally exposed to Pb. The combination therapy resulted in an earlier restoration of blood pressure in Pb-exposed rats compared with the monotherapies, except for enalapril therapy in young rats. These findings represent a new approach to the development of therapeutic protocols for the treatment of Pb-induced hypertension.

Herstellung und Eigenschaften Al-reicher TiAl Legierungen

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Maschinenbau, Diss., 2010

Technologische Erfordernisse beim Aluminium-Dünnwand-Kokillengießen

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Maschinenbau, Diss., 2010

Nutrição mineral de hortaliças: XXIV - carência de macronutrientes em berinjela (Solanum melongena L.)

Plantas de berinjela (Solanum melongena L. var. Híbrida F1, Piracicaba nº 100) foram cultivadas em vasos contendo sílica lavada. As plantas foram irrigadas com solução nutritiva purificada e submetidas aos seguintes tratamentos: completo, omissão de B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo e Zn. Os sintomas de carência desses elementos foram identificados e descritos. Aquilatou-se a possibilidade de recuperação de plantas deficientes fornecendo-se o elemento. Finalmente, as plantas foram separadas em: raiz, caule superior e inferior, folhas velhas e novas, frutos, e analisadas para B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. A análise química das folhas afetadas pelas carências apresentou os seguintes valores (ppm): B- 48-71; Cu- 1-2; Fe- 169-204; Mn- .42-80; Zn- 37-38. Nas folhas sadias os valores foram (ppm): B- 70-82; Cu- 8; Fe- 192-283; Mn- 54-118; Zn- 52-54.

Verification of system properties of polynomial systems using discrete-time approximations and set-based analysis

Magdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Diss., 2015

role of reactive oxygen species and mitochondria in T-cell activation

Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Fakultät für Naturwissenschaften, Dissertation, 2016

Nutrição mineral de gramíneas tropicais VI: Níveis de cálcio afetando a composição de micronutrientes no milheto forrageiro (Pennisetum amerioanum)

A fim de pesquisar o efeito dos níveis de 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 e 300 ppm de cálcio na solução nutritiva sobre a composição de micronutrientes no milheto forrageiro, foi conduzido um experimento na casa de vegetação, durante trita e oito dias. Após este período as plantas foram coletadas e divididas em folhas adjacentes a espiga, folhas não adjacentes, espigas e colmos que foram secas a 70°-80°C e analisadas para B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn. Os micronutrientes acumularam-se na seguinte ordem: B-157,7 mg nas folhas adjacentes; 1308,5 mg nas folhas não adjacentes; Zn - 152,3 mg nos nos colmos e 1254,6 mg nas espigas; Cu - 10,3 mg nas folhas adjacentes e 118,5 mg nas espigas; Fe - 344,8 mg nas folhas e 4344,1 mg nos colmos e até 1749,3 mg nas folhas não adjacentes; Mn - 120,5 mg nos colmos e 1749,9 nas folhas não adjacentes. Verificaram, ainda, os autores que os níveis de cálcio reduziram a concentração de Zn, Cu, Fe e Mn nas plantas. Os níveis de cálcio não reduziram a absorção de B. Finalmente constataram que sob o ponto de vista de nutrição animal os níveis de cálcio não afetaram os requerimentos mínimos dos elementos.

Poda em uvaieira (Eugenia uvalha CAMB.)

Uvaieiras com quatro anos de idade foram submetidas a podas no mês de agosto de 1984, consistindo a observação em três tratamentos: a) Controle, sem podas, b) Corte de ramos finos, com até 5mm de diâmetro e c) Corte de ramos com até 10mm de diâmetro. A poda mostrou-se muito prejudicial à produção de frutos ocorrida no mesmo ano, apresentando médias de 4,118, 0,860 e 0,230 quilogramas por planta, para os tratamentos controle, poda leve e poda severa,respectivamente. Na safra seguinte, as produções dos diferentes tratamentos tenderam a equilíbrio ocorrendo médias de produção de 7,297, 5,111 e 4,531 quilogramas por planta para os tratamentos controle, poda leve e poda severa.

Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College.

v.118 (1958)

Buccal apparatus and gastrointestinal tract dimensions associated to the diet of early life stages of Centropomus undecimalis (Centropomidae, Actinopterygii)

The present study aims to compare the buccal apparatus and gastrointestinal tract of early life stages of Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792), and relate them to its diet. A total of 190 individuals collected with a channel net in the Catuama estuary (07º40'9.9''S, 34º50'36.7''W), northern coast of the state of Pernambuco, were examined. Morphometrical and meristic data were analyzed for the two initial developmental periods (larval and juvenile). Their digestive tube was morphologically characterized and its content identified. The longest transverse axis of food items was measured, and compared to the standard length (SL) and mouth gape size (D) of the individuals. Body measurement regressions differed significantly (p<0.001) between larvae and juveniles. The stomachs with food content (n=118 individuals) presented a proportion of 62% full and 30% empty (being 8% damaged). They differed in relation to the fullness level and presented a coiled shape when empty. The number of food items in relation to SL and D did not present an evident correlation. Larvae (SL<10 mm) feed on small copepods, while juveniles (SL=11.1 to 64.7 mm) ingest larvae of various decapod species, showing a distinct diet between these initial developmental stages.

Bird community in an Araucaria forest fragment in relation to changes in the surrounding landscape in Southern Brazil

The dynamics of the bird community in a small forest fragment was evaluated along seven years in relation to changes in the surrounding landscape. The study area is an Araucaria forest fragment in Southern Brazil (state of Paraná). The sampling period covered the years 1988 through 1994 and the mark-release-recapture method was utilized. The landscape analysis was based on Landsat TM images, and changes in exotic tree plantations, native forest, open areas (agriculture, pasture, bare soil, and abandoned field), and "capoeira"(native vegetation < 2 m) were quantified. The relationship between landscape changes and changes in abundance diversity of forest birds, open-area birds, forest-edge birds, and bamboo specialists was evaluated. Richness estimates were run for each year studied. The richness recorded in the study area comprised 96 species. The richness estimates were 114, 118 and 110 species for Chao 1, Jackknife 1 and Bootstrap, respectively. The bird community varied in species richness, abundance and diversity from year to year. As for species diversity, 1991, 1993 and 1994 were significantly different from the other years. Changes in the landscape contributed to the increase in abundance and richness for the groups of forest, open-area and bamboo-specialist species. An important factor discussed was the effect of the flowering of "taquara" (Poaceae), which contributed significantly to increasing richness of bamboo seed eaters, mainly in 1992 and 1993. In general, the results showed that landscape changes affected the dynamics and structure of the bird community of this forest fragment over time, and proved to have an important role in conservation of the avian community in areas of intensive forestry and agricultural activities.

Botanisches Zentralblatt; referierendes Organ für das Gesamtgebiet der Botanik.

jahrg. 32, bd. 118 (1911)

Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) dos estados do Piauí e Ceará, Brasil: espécies conhecidas, nova tribo, nova espécie e novos registros

Uma nova espécie de Compsibidion Thomson, 1864 é descrita do Piauí. Sydacini, nova tribo de Cerambycinae, é validada. As espécies de Cerambycidae atualmente registradas para o Piauí (118) e para o Ceará (126) são apresentadas. São acrescentados vinte e dois novos registros para o Piauí e onze para o Ceará. Duas espécies são excluídas da fauna do Ceará: Hippopsis lemniscata lemniscata (Fabricius, 1801) e Oncideres saga (Dalman, 1823).

Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences.

no. 118 (1975)