New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM)

LEÃO, Adriano de Castro; DÓRIA NETO, Adrião Duarte; SOUSA, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de. New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM). Computers in Biology and Medicine, v. 39, p. 853-859, 2009

Extralimital Senegalese species during Marine Isotope Stages 5.5 and 11 in the Canary Islands (29 degrees N): Sea surface temperature estimates

[EN] The presence of Harpa doris Röding, 1798 in marine deposits of the last interglacial period, ~. 130-120. ka (marine isotope stage or MIS 5.5) in the Canary Islands (Gran Canaria, Lanzarote and Fuerteventura) enabled us to compare this occurrence with its present habitat in the Gulf of Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands, well to the south. This comparison leads to the conclusion that sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the waters around the Canary Islands during the last interglacial period were at least 3.3. °C higher than today. H. doris is found in association with the large gastropod Persististrombus latus (Gmelin, 1791) as well as the coral Siderastrea radians (Pallas, 1766).

Size-selective mortality and environmental factors affecting early marine growth during early marine life stages of sub-yearling Chinook salmon in Puget Sound, Washington

Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-08

New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM)

LEÃO, Adriano de Castro; DÓRIA NETO, Adrião Duarte; SOUSA, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de. New developmental stages for common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) using mass and age variables obtained by K-means algorithm and self-organizing maps (SOM). Computers in Biology and Medicine, v. 39, p. 853-859, 2009

Étude descriptive des impacts des facteurs de coopération sur une pratique professionnelle de type coopératif en animation de stages

L'approche coopérative ayant été définie comme celle favorisant la concertation des partenaires dans la poursuite de cibles communes, la reconnaissance mutuelle du champ de compétence par rapport aux objectifs poursuivis ainsi qu'un équilibre du pouvoir, chacun exerçant une influence sur son partenaire, selon son champ de compétence, nous sommes appelé à nous poser plusieurs questions auxquelles il serait utile de répondre au cours de cette recherche. 1. Quels sont les différents modèles en relation d'aide qui ont marqué et influencé les différents intervenants en relation d'aide, plus particulièrement les animateurs et les animatrices de stages au B.E.P.P.? 2. Quelles sont les caractéristiques et les particularités du modèle de relation d'aide coopérative ainsi que les facteurs de coopération qui y sont rattachés? 3. Quelles sont les principales composantes de la pratique professionnelle en animation de stages et en quoi privilégient-elles dans leur fonctionnement les valeurs rattachées à la coopération? 4. La présence des facteurs de coopération dans la pratique professionnelle de l'animateur et de l'animatrice de stages engendre-t-elle un niveau de satisfaction élevé chez les stagiaires vivant une relation coopérative avec leur animateur ou animatrice de stages? 5. Subséquemment, ces dits facteurs de coopération introduits dans la pratique professionnelle de l'animateur et de l'animatrice de stages favorisent-ils l'atteinte des objectifs de formation du stagiaire? 6. Quels sont les facteurs de coopération les plus perceptibles et les plus définis dans une pratique professionnelle de type coopératif en animation de stages et pouvant engendrer la satisfaction des stagiaires et faciliter l'atteinte de leurs objectifs de formation?

Les qualités de la relation offerte par le professeur aux étudiants en sciences infirmières et leur intérêt pour les stages cliniques

Nombre de professeurs en soins infirmiers ont dû se pencher d'une façon plus ou moins formelle sur l'intérêt manifesté par les étudiants pour leurs stages cliniques. Pour nous, cette préoccupation est grande et constitue le centre de notre réflexion. Que la formation ait lieu dans un collège ou à l'université, le programme comporte pour tous des cours théoriques et des stages cliniques. Ces étudiants, ayant choisi librement la profession d'infirmiers et d'infirmières, nous amènent à penser que leur intérêt pour les cours spécifiques à la profession serait plus marqué. Toutefois, nous avons observé chez certains d'entre eux des comportements infirmant cette allégation. Par exemple: ils n'exécutent et ne lisent que ce qui est prévu dans le syllabus; ils questionnent rarement; ils répondent par un oui ou un non aux interrogations du professeur; ils rendent des travaux peu explicites; ils manifestent de l'empressement à quitter le champ clinique; ils ne collaborent guère avec le personnel; enfin, ils prennent peu d'initiatives permises. Nous avons déjà identifié certains facteurs susceptibles d'influencer l'intérêt des étudiants. Mentionnons entre autres, la spécialité concernée, les exigences du stage, la forme d'évaluation, le personnel de l'institution, le professeur. Dans cette recherche, nous ne retiendrons que le dernier facteur cité en raison de la diversité de son influence. Parce qu'il est personne ressource et modèle, parce qu'il assure le lien entre le milieu et les étudiants et par sa présence continue auprès d'eux, le professeur devient pour nous l'élément central de cette influence. Plusieurs caractéristiques du professeur entrent en jeu dans ses relations avec les étudiants, mais celles qui nous préoccupent plus particulièrement se regroupent dans les attitudes interpersonnelles. Cette étude se propose donc de démontrer la relation qui peut exister entre certaines de ces attitudes et l'intérêt des étudiants pour les stages cliniques. Nous étudierons cette relation en nous appuyant sur une théorie pertinente à notre choix et sur des recherches entreprises dans ce domaine. Suite à la délimitation du problème, nous formulerons une hypothèse; laquelle sera vérifiée par les données recueillies auprès des étudiants infirmiers. Au terme de cette étude, nous analyserons ces résultats et nous nous pencherons sur les implications qu'elle entraîne dans le domaine de l'éducation et de la recherche.

LATERAL BRANCHING OXIDOREDUCTASE acts in the final stages of strigolactone biosynthesis inArabidopsis

Strigolactones are a group of plant compounds of diverse but related chemical structures. They have similar bioactivity across a broad range of plant species, act to optimize plant growth and development, and promote soil microbe interactions. Carlactone, a common precursor to strigolactones, is produced by conserved enzymes found in a number of diverse species. Versions of the MORE AXILLARY GROWTH1 (MAX1) cytochrome P450 from rice and Arabidopsis thaliana make specific subsets of strigolactones from carlactone. However, the diversity of natural strigolactones suggests that additional enzymes are involved and remain to be discovered. Here, we use an innovative method that has revealed a missing enzyme involved in strigolactone metabolism. By using a transcriptomics approach involving a range of treatments that modify strigolactone biosynthesis gene expression coupled with reverse genetics, we identified LATERAL BRANCHING OXIDOREDUCTASE (LBO), a gene encoding an oxidoreductase-like enzyme of the 2-oxoglutarate and Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase superfamily. Arabidopsis lbo mutants exhibited increased shoot branching, but the lbo mutation did not enhance the max mutant phenotype. Grafting indicated that LBO is required for a graft-transmissible signal that, in turn, requires a product of MAX1. Mutant lbo backgrounds showed reduced responses to carlactone, the substrate of MAX1, and methyl carlactonoate (MeCLA), a product downstream of MAX1. Furthermore, lbo mutants contained increased amounts of these compounds, and the LBO protein specifically converts MeCLA to an unidentified strigolactone-like compound. Thus, LBO function may be important in the later steps of strigolactone biosynthesis to inhibit shoot branching in Arabidopsis and other seed plants.

Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758): technical report about extraction and recognition of the digestive tract contents in early stages of the life cycle

The study of ichthyio-plankton stages and its relations with the environment and other organisms is therefore crucial for a correct use of fishery resources. In this context, the extraction and the analysis of the content of the digestive tract, is a key method for the identification of the diet in early larval stages, the determination of the resources they rely on and possibly a comparison with the diet of other species. Additionally this approach could be useful in determination on occurrence of species competition. This technique is preceded by the analysis of morphometric data (Blackith & Reyment, 1971; Marcus, 1990), that is the acquisition of quantitative variables measured from the morphology of the object of study. They are linear distances, count, angles and ratios. The subsequent application of multivariate statistical methods, aims to quantify the changes in morphological measures between and within groups, relating them to the type and size of prey and evaluate if some changes appear in food choices along the larvae growth.

First insight into personality traits in Northern pike (Esox lucius) larvae: a basis for behavioural studies of early life stages

Personality traits have been studied for some decades in fish species. Yet, most often, studies focused on juveniles or adults. Thus, very few studies tried to demonstrate that traits could also be found in fish larvae. In this study, we aimed at identifying personality traits in Northern pike (Exos lucius) larvae. Twenty first-feeding larvae aged 21 days post hatch (16.1 +/− 0.4 mm in total length, mean +/− SD) were used to establish personality traits with two tests: a maze and a novel object. These tests are generally used for evaluating the activity and exploration of specimens as well as their activity and boldness, respectively. The same Northern pike twenty larvae were challenged in the two tests. Their performances were measured by their activity, their exploratory behaviour and the time spent in the different arms of the maze or near the novel object. Then, we used principal component analysis (PCA) and a hierarchical ascendant classification (HAC) for analysis of each data set separately. Finally, we used PCA reduction for the maze test data to analyse the relationship between a synthetic behavioural index (PCA1) and morphometric variables. Within each test, larvae could be divided in two sub groups, which exhibited different behavioural traits, qualified as bold (n = 7 for the maze test and n = 13 for the novel object test) or shy (n = 9 for the maze test and n = 11 for the novel object test). Nevertheless, in both tests, there was a continuum of boldness/shyness. Besides, some larvae were classified differently between the two tests but 40 % of the larvae showed cross context consistency and could be qualified as bold and/or proactive individuals. This study showed that it is possible to identify personality traits of very young fish larvae of a freshwater fish species.

Small pelagics in a changing ocean : Biological responses of sardine early stages to warming

Small pelagic fishes are known to respond rapidly to changes in ocean climate. In this study, we evaluate the effects of future environmental warming (+2°C) during the early ontogeny of the European sardine, Sardina pilchardus. Warming reduced the survival of 30-day-old larvae by half. Length at hatching increased with temperature as expected, but no significant effect was observed on the length and growth at 30 days post-hatching. Warming did not significantly affect the thermal tolerance of sardine larvae, even though the mean lethal temperature increased by 1°C. In the warm conditions, sardine larvae showed signs of thermal stress, indicated by a pronounced increase in larval metabolism (Q 10 = 7.9) and a 45% increase in the heat shock response. Lipid peroxidation was not significantly affected by the higher temperature, even though the mean value doubled. Warming did not affect the time larvae spent swimming, but decreased by 36% the frequency of prey attacks. Given the key role of these small pelagics in the trophic dynamics off the Western Iberian upwelling ecosystem, the negative effects of warming on the early stages may have important implications for fish recruitment and ecosystem structure.