Perfil de habilidades do desenvolvimento em crianças com holoprosencefalia e holoprosencefalia like

OBJETIVO: investigar e comparar o desempenho nas habilidades relacionadas ao desenvolvimento motor, cognitivo, linguístico, de socialização e autocuidados de indivíduos com holoprosencefalia e com holoprosencefalia-like. MÉTODO: participaram deste estudo 20 indivíduos com diagnóstico de holoprosencefalia, na faixa etária de 18 a 72 meses, de ambos os sexos, divididos em 2 grupos. O grupo 1 (G1) composto por 12 indivíduos com sinais clínicos do espectro da holoprosencefalia, e o grupo 2 (G2) com holoprosencefalia-like composto por 8 indivíduos com sinais clínicos do espectro da holoprosencefalia-like. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação do Inventário Portage Operacionalizado que avalia as áreas alvos deste estudo. Para a análise estatística utilizou-se análise descritiva da mediana e dos valores mínimos e máximos e foi aplicado o teste estatístico de Mann Whitney (< 0,05% para significância). RESULTADOS: os grupos 1 e 2 apresentaram alterações em todas as áreas do desenvolvimento avaliadas. Entretanto, os indivíduos do G1, com holoprosencefalia apresentaram maiores comprometimentos nas habilidades: motora, cognitiva, de linguagem, de socialização e autocuidados, quanto comparados aos indivíduos do G2, com holoprosencefalia-like. CONCLUSÃO: o desempenho nas áreas motoras, cognitivas, de linguagem, de socialização e autocuidados de indivíduos com holoprosencefalia e holoprosencefalia-like foi aquém do esperado, principalmente naqueles indivíduos com holoprosencefalia, que se justifica pelo maior comprometimento no sistema nervoso central. A natureza destas alterações pode estar associada ao universo de alterações neurológicas e craniofaciais descritas nestes quadros clínicos e também à influência do ambiente social.

Physiotherapeutic stimulation: Early prevention of lymphedema following axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer treatment

The aim of this study was to confirm the effectiveness of early physiotherapeutic stimulation for lymphatic flaw progression in patients with breast cancer undergoing axillary dissection This was a randomized experimental study oil 22 patients who underwent lymphoscintigraphy in their arms on two different occasions, firstly without stimulation and secondly after randomization into two groups without physiotherapeutic stimulation (WOPS, n=10) and with physiotherapeutic stimulation (WPS, n=12) The lymphoscintigraphy scan was performed with (99m)Tc-phytate administered into the second interdigital space of the hand, ipsilaterally to the dissected axilla, in three phases dynamic, static, and delayed whole body imaging Physiotherapeutic stimulation was earned out using Foldi's technique In both groups, images from the two examinations of each patient were compared Flow progression was considered positive when, on the second damnation, the radiopharmaceutical reached areas more distant from the injection site Statistical analysis was used to evaluate frequencies, percentages and central trend measurements, and non-parametric tests were conducted Descriptive analysis showed that the WPS and WOPS groups were similar M terms of mean age, weight, height, body mass index and number of lymph nodes removed There were statistically significant associations between physiotherapeutic stimulation and radiopharmaceutical progression at all three phases of the study (p < 0 0001) Early physiotherapeutic stimulation in beast cancer patients undergoing radical axillary dissection is effective, and can therefore be indicated as a preventive measure against lymphedema

Alteração de flora vaginal em gestantes de baixo risco, atendidas em serviço público de saúde: prevalência e associação à sintomatologia e achados do exame ginecológico

Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência das alterações de flora vaginal em gestantes de baixo risco, sua associação à sintomatologia referida e exame ginecológico. É estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido no serviço público de atenção básica de Botucatu, SP, no período de 2006 a 2008, com 289 gestantes, amostradas de forma estratificada por unidade. Realizou-se exame do conteúdo vaginal, utilizando-se coloração pelo método de Gram e pesquisa de Trichomonas vaginalis em meio líquido de Diamond. Desconsiderando-se as associações, a prevalência de flora vaginal alterada foi de 49,5%, sendo as mais frequentes: vaginose bacteriana (20,7%), candidíase vaginal (11,8%) e flora intermediária (11,1%). Os dados apontam elevada prevalência das alterações de flora vaginal, com pouca associação à sintomatologia, mas associação com achados do exame ginecológico. Considerando-se as repercussões maternas e perinatais indesejáveis e a prática laboratorial exequível, sugere-se o estabelecimento de rotina para diagnóstico das alterações de flora vaginal em gestantes de baixo risco.

The importance of knowing the home conditions of patients receiving long-term oxygen therapy

Purpose: Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is one of the main treatments for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Patients receiving LTOT may have less than optimal home conditions and this may interfere with treatment. The objective of this study was, through home visits, to identify the characteristics of patients receiving LTOT and to develop knowledge regarding the home environments of these patients.Methods: Ninety-seven patients with a mean age of 69 plus or minus 10.5 years were evaluated. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive analysis. Data were collected during an initial home visit, using a questionnaire standardized for the study. The results were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Seventy-five percent of the patients had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 11% were active smokers. The patients' mean pulse oximetry values were 85.9% plus or minus 4.7% on room air and 92% plus or minus 3.9% on the prescribed flow of oxygen. Most of the patients did not use the treatment as prescribed and most used a humidifier. The extension hose had a mean length of 5 plus or minus 3.9 m (range, 1.5-16 m). In the year prior to the visit, 26% of the patients received emergency medical care because of respiratory problems. Few patients reported engaging in leisure activities.Conclusion: The home visit allowed us to identify problems and interventions that could improve the way LTOT is used. The most common interventions related to smoking cessation, concentrator maintenance and cleaning, use of a humidifier, and adjustments of the length of the connector hose. Therefore, the home visit is a very important tool in providing comprehensive care to patients receiving LTOT, especially those who show lack of adequate progress and those who show uncertainty about the treatment method.

Estrabismo: detecção em uma amostra populacional e fatores demográficos associados

OBJETIVOS: Identificar a frequência de ocorrência de desvios oculares e as características dos portadores em uma amostra populacional. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, observacional e probabilístico, entre os anos de 2004 e 2005, envolvendo 11 cidades da região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo. Foram examinados 10.994 indivíduos, sendo utilizada para este estudo uma subamostra desta população, identificada pelo diagnóstico de estrabismo. A população foi abordada por uma equipe treinada e padronizada para os procedimentos da pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de análise descritiva, frequência de ocorrência, análise de contingência e testes de associação (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: A frequência de ocorrência de estrabismo na população estudada foi de 1,4% (148 portadores de estrabismo), sem diferença entre sexos. Portadores de esodesvios (ET) eram 46,3%, 38,2% casos de exodesvio (XT) e 15,4% de desvios verticais associados a horizontais ou síndromes. A análise de contingência mostrou que 3 indivíduos (2,3%) estrábicos apresentavam cegueira e 7 (5,43%) apresentavam baixa visão em um dos olhos. Tanto a ET, quanto a XT estiveram presentes em indivíduos com graus variáveis de miopia (até -5,75 para XT e -2,50 para ET) e de hipermetropia (até +9,00 para XT e +8,00 para ET). A associação entre estrabismo e o equivalente esférico obtido na refração estática não mostrou diferença significativa (p>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A frequência de ocorrência de estrabismo em uma amostra populacional foi de 1,4%, sem diferença entre sexos ou tipo de desvio ocular. A presença de cegueira e de baixa visão associadas aos desvios oculares reforçam a necessidade de tratamento precoce.

Dentists' level of knowledge of the treatment plans for periodontal ligament injuries after dentoalveolar trauma

This study investigated the level of knowledge held by dentists about the possible treatment plan procedures for periodontal ligament injuries after dentoalveolar trauma. A 5-item self-applied questionnaire was prepared with questions referring to the professional profile of the interviewees and to the treatment plan they would propose for periodontal ligament injuries secondary to dentoalveolar trauma. The questionnaires were filled out by 693 dentists attending the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Brazilian Society for Dental Research, and the data obtained were subjected to descriptive analysis. Either the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was applied to assess associations among variables, at a 5% level of significance. The results revealed that dentists experienced difficulty in establishing a treatment plan for subluxation, and for extrusive, lateral and intrusive luxations. In general, holding a dental specialty degree had no influence on the knowledge about treatment plan procedures for the most severe injuries. It could be concluded that the dentists participating in this study, whether specialists or not, did not have sufficient knowledge to treat most of the periodontal ligament injuries resulting from dentoalveolar trauma adequately.

Periodontal Tissue Engineering After Tooth Replantation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Curcumin modulates the immune response associated with LPS-induced periodontal disease in rats

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Evaluation of partially dentate patients' knowledge about caries and periodontal disease

Objective: This investigation evaluated the knowledge of dental caries and periodontal disease among removable partial denture (RPD) wearers.Method: A total of 127 partially dentate patients participated in this observational study. A structured questionnaire, which included eight questions referring to knowledge about aetiology and prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease, was developed in the local language (Portuguese) and used to collect the data of all the partial denture wearers. A descriptive analysis of data was performed by means of drafting tables.Results: The results demonstrated that 68.5% of patients interviewed had previously received information about oral health care. With regard to bacterial plaque, it was observed that only 34.6% reported having knowledge of this. Whereas, in relation to caries, 76.4% of the interviewees replied that they knew the meaning of this. Nevertheless, 28.3% referred to caries as a whole in the teeth, 16.5% as bad teeth and 9.4% bacteria/creatures on the teeth. Only 17.3% of the partially edentulous patients evaluated were shown to know what disease of the gingiva was.Conclusion: By means of the methodology applied, it could be concluded that the patients who wore RPDs presented deficient knowledge with regard to the prevention, aetiology and development of dental caries and periodontal disease.

Plankton richness and abundance in several different hydrological situations in lakes lateral to a river: a case study in the mouth zone of a tributary into a tropical reservoir.

A descriptive analysis of the responses of plankton from lakes lateral to a river in its mouth zone into a tropical reservoir to water level variations is presented. Three situations were reported: 1) a comparison of species richness and diversity and of algae population abundance in prolonged drought and in periods of connection of lakes to the river, 2) the spatial distribution of abundance and richness of Rotifera species in four isolated water bodies formed by fragmentation of a lateral lake during a period of prolonged drought and in the same areas during a period of integrity as an ecosystem, 3) the variability of total zooplankton and Cladocera densities at the end of the isolation period of a lateral lake and after the recovery of connection with the river and in a year of continuous connection with the lotic ecosystem. Various idiosyncrasies were observed in connected lateral lakes, like the surface hydrologic connectivity, a primary factor in species richness modifcations and a secondary controlling factor of plankton abundance. Underground hydrologic connectivity, through the river[forward arrow] lake water fux during the high-water period and lake [forward arrow] river during drought period, appears to have an important role in richness and abundance variations of planktonic populations in the lake isolated from the river.

The Effects of a 785-nm AlGaInP Laser on the Regeneration of Rat Anterior Tibialis Muscle After Surgically-Induced Injury

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on muscle regeneration. For this purpose, the anterior tibialis muscle of 48 male Wistar rats received AlGaInP laser treatment (785 nm) after surgically-induced injury.Background Data: Few studies have been conducted on the effects of LLLT on muscle regeneration at different irradiation doses.Materials and Methods: The animals were randomized into four groups: uninjured rats (UN); uninjured and laser-irradiated rats (ULI); injured rats (IN); and injured and laser-irradiated rats (ILI). The direct contact laser treatment was started 24 h after surgery. An AlGaInP diode laser emitting 75 mW of continuous power at 785 nm was used for irradiation. The laser probe was placed at three treatment points to deliver 0.9 J per point, for a total dose of 2.7 J per treatment session. The animals were euthanized after treatment sessions 1, 2, and 4. Mounted sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and used for quantitative morphological analysis, in which the number of leukocytes and fibroblasts were counted over an area of 4480 mu m(2). The data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni t-test.Results: Quantitative data showed that the number of both polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes in the inflammatory infiltrate at the injury site was smaller in the ILI(1), ILI(2), and ILI(4) subgroups compared with their respective control subgroups (IN(1), IN(2), and IN(4)) for sessions 1, 2, and 4, respectively (p < 0.05). on the other hand, the number of fibroblasts increased after the fourth treatment session (p < 0.05). With regard to the regeneration of muscle fibers following injury, only after the fourth treatment session was it possible to find muscle precursor cells such as myoblasts and some myotubes in the ILI(4) subgroup.Conclusion: During the acute inflammatory phase, the AlGaInP laser treatment was found to have anti-inflammatory effects, reducing the number of leukocytes at the injury site and accelerating the regeneration of connective tissue.

Knowledge of general dentists in the current guidelines for emergency treatment of avulsed teeth and dental trauma prevention

A high prevalence of dental trauma exists and its effects on function and esthetics deserve the attention of general dentists. The aim of this study was to assess the level of general dental practitioners' (GDPs) knowledge about guidelines for dental avulsion and its prevention using a questionnaire. The 21-item questionnaire was distributed among 264 GDPs and the survey was realized between August-November 2006. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using descriptive analysis and Pearson's Chi-square test to determine associations between knowledge regarding emergency treatment and dentists from public or private dental schools and years of experience. The results showed that the participants exhibited appropriate knowledge concerning procedures in cases of tooth avulsion and its prevention. The number of correct answers was low in relation to recommended treatment at the site of injury. Storage medium, preparation of the alveolus and splint time for receiving the avulsed tooth received a high number of correct answers. One statistically significant association between years of experience and recommended treatment at the site of the injury in the case an avulsed tooth (KH2 = 9.384, P = 0.009). In conclusion, this survey showed appropriate knowledge of dental avulsion management and its prevention among the surveyed dentists. The findings also showed that communication between dentists and the population is deficient, especially concerning practitioners of high risk and contact sports.

Ferric iron uptake genes are differentially expressed in the presence of copper sulfides in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain LR

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Crystal Structure Determination of Mebendazole Form A Using High-Resolution Synchrotron X-Ray Powder Diffraction Data

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Variabilidade espacial e controle estatístico do processo de perdas na colheita mecanizada do algodoeiro

Dentro do processo produtivo, a colheita, se mal conduzida, poderá causar prejuízos quali-quantitativos no produto final. Dessa forma, esse trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar as perdas quantitativas, no solo e na planta, na colheita mecanizada de algodão, no ano agrícola de 2006, em Ipameri-GO, em um talhão de 1,4 ha, sendo georreferenciados 41 pontos, distanciados de 50 m no sentido da curva de nível e 9 m entre fileiras. As amostras foram coletadas colocando-se uma armação de 4,5 m² sobre o solo, coletando todo o algodão caído no solo e, em seguida, fez-se a coleta do algodão que permaneceu na planta após a passagem da colhedora. Além das perdas quantitativas determinaram-se o teor médio de água do algodão e o Rendimento Potencial Máximo (RPM). Foram construídas cartas de controle para verificar a qualidade da operação de colheita. Observou-se que as perdas na colheita do algodão foram altas, principalmente as perdas no solo (PS), indicando que a colhedora não apresentou boa eficiência de colheita. As perdas no solo não apresentaram dependência espacial, enquanto as perdas na planta e totais apresentaram dependência moderada e forte, respectivamente. O processo de colheita de algodão não se encontra dentro dos padrões de qualidade, sob o ponto de vista de controle estatístico de processo, devendo ser revistas as condições de colheita.