977 resultados para gc-tsd


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采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用测定了水中常见的3种异味化合物,即2-甲基异茨醇、土腥素和β-柠檬醛。研究并讨论了纤维头的类型、盐的种类和浓度、温度、萃取时间、搅拌和解吸时间等因素对异味化合物萃取量的影响。结果表明:在水样中加入30%(W/V)的NaCl溶液,采用65μmPDMS/DVB纤维头,在搅拌的条件下,于60℃顶空萃取40min为异味化合物固相微萃取的最佳条件。在优化的条件下,使异味化合物吸附于纤维涂层后,将其在250℃高温下解吸,再用GC-MS分析。土腥素、β-柠檬醛、2-甲基异茨醇的检出

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胸苷酸合酶(Thymidylate synthase, TS)是进行 DNA 合成所必需的酶类,与细胞分化及肿瘤发生密切相关。淋巴囊肿病毒属于虹彩病毒科成员,是能引起百余种淡、海水鱼感染,并产生肿瘤的病毒病原。在已完成中国淋巴囊肿病毒株 (Lymphocystis disease virus-China, LCDV-C) 基因组序列测定的基础上,本文对位于 LCDV-C 基因组开放阅读框 ORF 011L 的 TS 基因结构、及其推定蛋白结构进行了分析。该基因全长 858bp,GC 含量为 28.2%,编

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在稳定运行三年的复合垂直流构建湿地中试系统中进行了水体中痕量有机物的净化研究。进水为东湖茶港附近的湖水。水流方式为下行流 -上行流 ,进水方式采用间歇式 ,间隔为 8h ,水力负荷为 80 0mm3/(mm2 ·d)。采用C18反相SPE柱富集萃取中试系统的进出水及自来水 ,然后对其进行GC/MS分析 ,结果表明 ,东湖水主要为石油烃污染 ,酞酸酯类污染严重 ,自来水中亦存在痕量有机物的污染。复合垂直流构建湿地中试系统的出水比进水中痕量有机物的种类及数量均有所减少 ,说明这种系统有助于水体中痕量有机物的去

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采用人工合成的 6个串联重复寡聚核苷酸单引物 ,以及 2个加锚的二核苷酸引物 ,利用SPAR和ASSR技术 ,对中华绒螯蟹 (Eriocheirsinensis)基因组进行PCR扩增 ,结果发现 ,对于GC含量丰富的三、四核苷酸引物如(CGA) 5、(GACA) 4 ,在不同退火温度的PCR反应中 ,都能扩增出清晰的条带 ,可以作为PCR扩增引物 ;反之 ,GC含量 <5 0 %的 (CATA) 4 和 (GATA) 4 很难检测到扩增产物 ;在基本PCR条件下 ,2个加锚的二核苷酸引物能扩增出可分辨的条

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Genetic variation at the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) is associated with altered amygdala reactivity and lack of prefrontal regulatory control. Similar regions mediate decision-making biases driven by contextual cues and ambiguity, for example the "framing effect." We hypothesized that individuals hemozygous for the short (s) allele at the 5-HTTLPR would be more susceptible to framing. Participants, selected as homozygous for either the long (la) or s allele, performed a decision-making task where they made choices between receiving an amount of money for certain and taking a gamble. A strong bias was evident toward choosing the certain option when the option was phrased in terms of gains and toward gambling when the decision was phrased in terms of losses (the frame effect). Critically, this bias was significantly greater in the ss group compared with the lala group. In simultaneously acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data, the ss group showed greater amygdala during choices made in accord, compared with those made counter to the frame, an effect not seen in the lala group. These differences were also mirrored by differences in anterior cingulate-amygdala coupling between the genotype groups during decision making. Specifically, lala participants showed increased coupling during choices made counter to, relative to those made in accord with, the frame, with no such effect evident in ss participants. These data suggest that genetically mediated differences in prefrontal-amygdala interactions underpin interindividual differences in economic decision making.

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目的 比较国产和进口盐酸尼卡地平 (Nic)缓释胶囊的药代动力学及生物利用度。方法 选择 12名健康志愿者随机交叉单剂量及多剂量口服两种Nic缓释胶囊 ,采用GC ECD检测 ,内标法定量测定其血药浓度。结果 两种缓释胶囊空腹给药 ,其单剂量及多剂量达稳态后经时血药浓度均呈双峰曲线 ,国产胶囊单剂量给药的主要参数 :Cmax1( 14 2± 8 2 ) μg·L-1,Cmax2 ( 16 9± 5 8) μg·L-1,Tmax1( 0 79±0 45 )h ,Tmax2 ( 5 0 8± 0 79)h ,

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介绍了德国Finnigan公司生产的MAT95型气相和液相色谱(GC/MS)联用仪离子源加热系统故障的分析、检查和排除的方法。类似仪器故障的分析与排除具有较好的参考价值。

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八角枫是八角枫科八角枫属药用植物 ,分布较广。用气相色谱 /质谱 /计算机联用技术 ( GC/MS/DS)分析了水蒸气蒸馏得到的八角枫挥发油 ,鉴定出 5 9种化学成分 ,其主要成分为 :1 ,8-桉叶素 ( 43.32 5 % )、β-侧柏烯 ( 1 0 .71 3% )、丁香酚甲醚 ( 7.0 88% )、α-松油醇( 7.0 1 7% )、α-蒎烯 ( 5 .830 % )等 5种化合物。被鉴定的 5 9种成分 ,共占挥发油总量的97.0 4 %。

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In order to understand how unburned hydrocarbons emerge from SI engines and, in particular, how non-fuel hydrocarbons are formed and oxidized, a new gas sampling technique has been developed. A sampling unit, based on a combination of techniques used in the Fast Flame Ionization Detector (FFID) and wall-mounted sampling valves, was designed and built to capture a sample of exhaust gas during a specific period of the exhaust process and from a specific location within the exhaust port. The sampling unit consists of a transfer tube with one end in the exhaust port and the other connected to a three-way valve that leads, on one side, to a FFID and, on the other, to a vacuum chamber with a high-speed solenoid valve. Exhaust gas, drawn by the pressure drop into the vacuum chamber, impinges on the face of the solenoid valve and flows radially outward. Once per cycle during a specified crank angle interval, the solenoid valve opens and traps exhaust gas in a storage unit, from which gas chromatography (GC) measurements are made. The port end of the transfer tube can be moved to different locations longitudinally or radially, thus allowing spatial resolution and capturing any concentration differences between port walls and the center of the flow stream. Further, the solenoid valve's opening and closing times can be adjusted to allow sampling over a window as small as 0.6 ms during any portion of the cycle, allowing resolution of a crank angle interval as small as 15°CA. Cycle averaged total HC concentration measured by the FFID and that measured by the sampling unit are in good agreement, while the sampling unit goes one step further than the FFID by providing species concentrations. Comparison with previous measurements using wall-mounted sampling valves suggests that this sampling unit is fully capable of providing species concentration information as a function of air/fuel ratio, load, and engine speed at specific crank angles. © Copyright 1996 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

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运用顶空固相微萃取与色谱联用方法(HS-SPME-GC)对水中的残留有机氯化合物进行了分析.对影响HS-SPME-GC分析灵敏度的各种实验因素如涂层种类、萃取温度、平衡时间、离子浓度等进行了讨论,并将该方法与固相萃取法(SPE)、液液萃取法(LLE)作了对比;同时考察了常见环境共存污染物直链烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)对几种方法的影响.

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To characterize the contamination of anthropogenic organic contaminants in the aquatic environment of Chaohu Lake, China, 7 samples for both water and surface sediment were collected in the lake. Organic contaminants were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) and Soxhlet extraction from the water and surface sediment samples, respectively, and then analyzed by GC-MS. One hundred and twenty kinds of organic chemicals were detected in these samples including phenol, benzene series, benzaldehydes, ethanol, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), sulfur compounds, alcoholic halides, amines, ketones, esters, alkenes and alkanes. Among them, 13 kinds of chemicals were identified as priority pollutants listed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), such as phthalate esters (PAEs) and PAHs. Besides, the concentrations of 19 of PAEs and PAHs including, priority pollutants identified were also determined. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, the predominant component of the analyzed pollutants, was in the range from 72.34 ng g(-1) DW to 613.71 ng g(-1) DW, 14.80 ng L-1 to 47.05 ng L-1 in sediment and water, respectively. The results indicated that the northwest part of the lake was heavily polluted by domestic and industrial wastewater.

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Background: Short and long interspersed elements (SINEs and LINEs, respectively), two types of retroposons, are active in shaping the architecture of genomes and powerful tools for studies of phylogeny and population biology. Here we developed special protocol to apply biotin-streptavidin bead system into isolation of interspersed repeated sequences rapidly and efficiently, in which SINEs and LINEs were captured directly from digested genomic DNA by hybridization to bead-probe complex in solution instead of traditional strategy including genomic library construction and screening. Results: A new couple of SINEs and LINEs that shared an almost identical 3'tail was isolated and characterized in silver carp and bighead carp of two closely related species. These SINEs (34 members), designated HAmo SINE family, were little divergent in sequence and flanked by obvious TSD indicated that HAmo SINE was very young family. The copy numbers of this family was estimated to 2 x 10(5) and 1.7 x 10(5) per haploid genome by Real-Time qPCR, respectively. The LINEs, identified as the homologs of LINE2 in other fishes, had a conserved primary sequence and secondary structures of the 3'tail region that was almost identical to that of HAmo SINE. These evidences suggest that HAmo SINEs are active and amplified recently utilizing the enzymatic machinery for retroposition of HAmoL2 through the recognition of higher-order structures of the conserved 42-tail region. We analyzed the possible structures of HAmo SINE that lead to successful amplification in genome and then deduced that HAmo SINE, SmaI SINE and FokI SINE that were similar in sequence each other, were probably generated independently and created by LINE family within the same lineage of a LINE phylogeny in the genomes of different hosts. Conclusion: The presented results show the advantage of the novel method for retroposons isolation and a pair of young SINE family and its partner LINE family in two carp fishes, which strengthened the hypotheses containing the slippage model for initiation of reverse transcription, retropositional parasitism of SINEs on LINEs, the formation of the stem loop structure in 3'tail region of some SINEs and LINEs and the mechanism of template switching in generating new SINE family.

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The compositions and contents of astaxanthin esters and fatty acids in four types of Haematococcus pluvialis cells were studied by HPLC and GC-MS. Results showed that the synthesis and accumulation of astaxanthin was independent of the formation of cysts, but was highly correlated with the synthesis and accumulation of fatty acids, though it is an well known phenomenon that the accumulation of astaxanthin is usually accompanied by the formation of cyst. The red cysts contain more than 30% of fatty acids, with 81% of the unsaturated fatty acids. Taken together, besides a resource of astaxanthin, H. pluvialis would be a good resource of valuable fatty acids.

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Two strains of Raphidiopsis Fritsch et Rich were isolated from a fishpond in Wuhan city, China and rendered axenic, and characterized by a combination of morphological, physiological, biochemical and genetic methods. Morphologically the strains were identified as Raphidiopsis mediterranea Skuja (straight trichomes) and R. curvata Fritsch et Rich (coiled trichomes). These two strains demonstrated slight differences in optimal temperature range and GC content, while sharing some common characteristics including inability to grow hetertrophically, similar salinity tolerance (up to 0.78%) and an identical fatty acid composition. Cyanotoxins were not found in the strain of R. mediterranea, however, the strain of R. curvata contained both deoxycylindrospermopsin and cylindrospermopsin. Phylogenetic affiliations inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that both Raphidiopsis strains clustered with Cylindrospermopsis, demonstrating their phylogenetic ties to Nostocaceae. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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A simple, sensitive, and accurate method for determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in soil has been developed based on headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Permethylated-beta-cyclodextrin/hydroxyl-termination silicone oil (PM-beta-CD/OH-TSO) fiber was first prepared by sol-gel technology and employed in SPME procedure. By exploiting the superiorities of sot-gel coating technique and the advantages of the high hydrophobic doughnut-shaped cavity of PM-beta-CD, the novel fiber showed desirable operational stability and extraction ability. After optimization on extraction conditions like water addition, extraction temperature, extraction time, salts effect, and solvents addition, the method was validated in soil samples, achieving good linearity (r>0.999), precision (R.S.D. < 10%), accuracy (recovery>78%), and detection limits (S/N =3) raging from 13.0 to 78.3 pg/g. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V.