Radiação solar em superfieies horizontal e vertical com exposição norte

In the field of agrometeorological studies we are in need of the estimation of the solar radiation frequently. At the present study the authors have worked out some dat:t regarding the hours of sunshine during the months of August, September, October, November, December and January of 1957, 1958 and 1959. Based on such hours of sunshine in the Agrometeorological Station, located at the Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" - U.S. P., in Piracicaba, the authors calculated the solar radiation received on a plane and horizontal surface, from the method proposed by Glover and Mc Culloch. With those results the authors estimated the percentual part of radiation that would be received on vertical wall facing north.

Absorção de fosfatos mono e diâmonico marcados com radiofósforo, em presença e ausência de uréia, pela parte aérea de mudas de abacaxizeiro (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.)

O presente trabalho, desenvolvido em casa-de-vegetação com abacaxizeiro cultivar "Smooth cayenne", para observação do efeito de MAP e OAP com e sem uréia adicionados em solução a 1%, via axila da folha D, mostrou que: ambas as fontes tiveram efeitos semelhantes no suprimento de fósforo e a uréia não melhorou a eficiência de absorção, mostrando ainda uma tendência negativa na distribuição do 32p entre as partes estudadas.

Altura e exposição de enxertia em mudas de laranja "pera' (Citrus sinensis (L: ) osbeck) sobre porta-enxerto de limão 'cravo' (Citrus limonia osbeck)

Em condições de campo, borbulhas de laranja 'Pera' foram enxertadas sobre porta-enxertos de limão 'Cravo'. As alturas de enxertia utilizadas foram 5, 10, 20 e 40 cm acima do colo dos porta - enxertos nas exposições norte, sul, leste e oeste. Utilizou-se como método de forçamento do enxerto, o corte parcial do porta-enxerto pouco acima da enxertia com envergamento (pique). As alturas e as exposições de enxertia não afetaram o pegamento dos enxertos. Ovigor das mudas não foi afetado pelas exposições de enxertia, mas foi pelas alturas. As alturas de 5 e 10 cm promoveram maior desenvolvimento e maior diâmetro da haste principal do enxerto.

Amphibians and reptiles of the Chicago area, by Clifford H. Pope.

Fieldiana. Zoology. Special Publications.

Lower Devonian Fenestrata (Bryozoa) of the Prague Basin, Barrandian area, Bohemia, Czechoslovakia / Frank K. McKinney -- and Jirí Kríz --.

n.s. no.15(1985)

Pennsylvanian invertebrates of the Mazon Creek area, Illinois / Eugene S. Richardson, Jr. --

v.12:no.2(1956)

Estudo comparativo entre o desenvolvimento de plântulas de milho após período de exposição a vários potenciais hídricos

Submetendo sementes de milho com e sem tratamento fungicida, a ambientes de germinação variáveis quanto à disponibilidade de água (0 a -12atm), o presente trabalho avaliou o desenvolvimento posterior das plântulas postas em ambientes sem limitações hídricas. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a ocorrência de déficit hídrico, durante o início do processo de germinação, promove reduções posteriores no comprimento das estruturas embrionárias e, de forma mais acentuada, do epicótilo; apesar disso, esse efeito se atenua com o passar do tempo pela elevação progressiva na velocidade de crescimento em ambientes que oferecem menores potenciais hídricos. Paralelamente, o tratamento fungicida das sementes pode não trazer vantagens em ambientes hidricamente deficientes; esta afirmação, contudo, considera o papel toalha como meio fornecedor de água o que, em contrapartida, exige cautela na sua extrapolação para as condições proporcionadas pelo solo.

New crinoids from the Chicago area / by Arthur Ware Slocom, Asst. Curator, Section of Invertebrate Paleontology. Oliver Cummings Farrington, Curator, Dept. of Geology.

v.2:no.10(1907)

Indian sites and chipped stone materials in the northern Lake Michigan area / Lewis R. Binford and George I. Quimby.

v.36:no.12(1963)

Reproductive biology of the sesarmid crab Armases rubripes (Decapoda, Brachyura) from an estuarine area of the Sahy River, Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The aim of this work was to gain knowledge about reproductive biology of the crab Armases rubripes (Rathbun, 1897) from an estuarine area of the Sepetiba Bay. Samples were taken monthly from February 2003 to January 2004 in the Sahy River estuary (22º56'S; 44º01'W), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The crabs were collected by hand during 15-minute catch-effort sessions conducted by two people. In the laboratory, the specimens were separated by sex, carapace width was measured and gonadal stage was checked macroscopically. A total of 830 individuals were caught - 304 males, 373 females (60 ovigerous females) and 153 juveniles. The ovigerous females were found almost year-round, except in November and April, showing a continuous reproductive period. They presented a size range from 8.2 to 15.0 mm carapace width (12.1 ± 1.7 mm). Color and macroscopical aspects determined five gonadal stages for males and females (immature, rudimentary, intermediary, developed and resting). First sexual maturity was estimated at 6.5 mm of carapace width for males and 8.1 mm for females. Individual fecundity varied from 200 to 11,460 eggs (4,458 ± 2,739 eggs). Mean egg size was 0.248 ± 0.026 mm, varying from 0.213 to 0.333 mm, while the volume ranged from 0.0051 to 0.0188 mm³ (0.0082 ± 0.0029 mm³).

Diet and microhabitat use by two Hylodinae species (Anura, Cycloramphidae) living in sympatry and syntopy in a Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest area

We analyzed the diet and microhabitat use for two Hylodinae anurans (Cycloramphidae), Hylodes phyllodes Heyer & Cocroft, 1986 and Crossodactylus gaudichaudii Duméril & Bibron, 1841, living in sympatry at an Atlantic Rainforest area of Ilha Grande, in southeastern Brazil. The two species live syntopically at some rocky streams. The two species differed strongly in microhabitat use. Hylodes phyllodes occurred mainly on rocks, whereas C. gaudichaudii was observed mostly on the water. Regarding diet, coleopterans, hymenopterans (ants), and larvae were the most important prey item consumed by both species. Data suggest that microhabitat use appears to be an important parameter differentiating these frogs with respect to general resource utilization.

The frogs and toads of the Chicago area / by Karl P. Schmidt, Asst. Curator of Reptiles and Amphibians.

no.11(1929)

Pennsylvanian invertebrates of the Mazon Creek area, Illinois. Trilobitomorpha arthropleurida, Eugene S. Richardson, Jr. --

v.12:no.5(1959)

Relative growth and morphological sexual maturity of Chasmagnathus granulatus (Crustacea, Varunidae) from a mangrove area in southeastern Brazilian coast

The relative growth and morphological sexual maturity of Chasmagnathus granulatus Dana, 1851 are presented for the first time to a mangrove population. The crabs were obtained during low tide periods, in the mangrove of Jabaquara Beach, Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All crabs in intermolt stage were sexed and had their body parts measured as follows: body height (BH), carapace length (CL) and width (CW), major cheliped propodus height (PH) and length (PL) for each sex, gonopod length (GL) and abdomen width (AW) for males and females, respectively. The relative growth was described using the allometric equation y=ax b and the size at onset sexual maturity was achieved using the software Mature I. The size of specimens ranged from 4.1 mm to 39.5 mm CW. The growth pattern was different between sexes in the cheliped relationships; the relationships BH vs. CW evidenced positive allometry for juveniles; PL vs. CW and PH vs. CW positive allometry for most crabs except juvenile females; AW vs. CW and GL vs. CW evidenced positive allometry for juveniles and isometry for adults. The relationships that best indicated the change from the juvenile to the adult phase were PH vs. CW for males and AW vs. CW for females. The size in which 50% of males from this population are mature is at 19.7 mm of CW (F=144.14; p<0.05) and for females it is at 19.2 mm of CW (F=166.54; p<0.05). The sizes obtained in this mangrove population are larger than those from previous studies, that could be attributed to a species plasticity concerning the habitat structure.