Atributos físicos do solo em diferentes condições de cobertura vegetal em área de plantio direto

The use of cover crops in the soil causes changes in soil attributes influencing in a series of hydro-physical processes, which also modify the ability of soil to support the many activities that it is intended. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cover crops on physical attributes of the soil. For this, an experiment was carried out on a Typic Hapludox, Jaboticabal State, Brazil, using cover crops of millet, sunn hemp, jack bean, lab-lab and black velvet bean in no-tillage and fallow area (spontaneous vegetation). The characteristics evaluated were the bulk density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity, aggregate stability, penetration resistance and organic matter. The incorporation of cover crops has proved to be a beneficial practice for the physical attributes of the soil, allowing a greater aggregate stability compared to fallow in the depth of 0-0.05 m. All cover crops presented values of soil penetration resistance below the critical value of 2 MPa.

Relação do meio físico com o manejo sustentável de plantio de eucalipto em áreas de terrenos acidentados - A Fazenda Santa Edwirges, Vale do Paraíba, Sudeste do Brasil

This study intends to evaluate the effects of landscape physical elements (rocks and relief) associated with silviculture activities. The study was carried out on a small farm (Fazenda Santa Edwirges) covered by Eucalyptus forested situated in the Paraiba do Sul Basin, Southeast Brazil. The methodology consisted of detailed geological and geomorphological studies at 1:10,000 scale, and laboratory analysis of soil physical properties. The results showed three geologic-geomorphologic associations (ridge escarpment with granitic rocks, steep and gentle hills cut by shear zones and gentle hill with alluvial sediments) present high vulnerability for the development of the physical processes such as accelerated erosion landslides and flooding. In contrast, mountains associated with gneissic rocks present smaller vulnerability and high resilience for the development of the physical processes. The results have showed the importance of considering the interactions among landscape physical for the eucalyptus forest management contributing to a better selection area for eucalyptus cultivation and minimize adverse environment impact in road design.

Manejo da Irrigação Para Otimização da Produtividade E Qualidade de Frutos de Tomateiro em Sistema de Plantio Direto

There is much information on the adequate soil water matrix potential for returning irrigation in conventional soil tillage systems; however there is not enough information on the best soil water matrix potential for no-tillage production systems. This work aimed to study the effect of five irrigation levels on yield, soluble solids, and fruit acidity of the Hypeel tomato, cultivated for industrial processing and cropped on no-tillage system in Yellow Latosol. The experiment was carried out on a randomized block design with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted in different soil water matrix potentials for returning irrigation (m at 13cm of soil depth): -15, -30, -45, -60 and -75 kPa. The results obtained showed that the soil water matrix potential of -28.5 kPa resulted in maximum yields for tomato crop; whereas the value of -50.8 kPa resulted in the maximum fruit soluble solids concentration.

Plantas de cobertura e qualidade química de latossolo Amarelo sob plantio direto no cerrado Maranhense

Aiming to evaluate the effect of cover plants over soil chemical attributes in the region of Balsas - Maranhão, samples of Oxisol under plant cover of millet [Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke], brachiaria (Brachiaria ruziziensis) and native Cerrado (mid-sized), were collected in three depths (0-0.10; 0.10-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m). Plant cover of millet and brachiaria promoted an increase in soil pH and reductions in amounts of Al3+ and in saturation by Al3+, in relation to the area with native Cerrado. Major amounts of residue were verified on soil surface under native cerrado, due to greater input of plant residue and lower decomposition rate. Amounts of nutrients and levels of organic matter were higher in areas under millet and brachiaria cover, mainly in 0-0.10 e 0.10-0.20 m. depths. Brachiaria and millet cover plants were similar in relation to alterations promoted in chemical attributes of soil.

Adubação com torta de filtro e micronutrientes no plantio da cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Lodos de esgoto, escória de aciaria e lama cal na cultura da soja sob sistema plantio direto em latossolo vermelho

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Adubação nitrogenada e inoculação com rizóbio no feijoeiro em sucessão ao milho consorciado com braquiárias no sistema plantio direto

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Gesso de minério associado a fontes de fósforo na cultura do milho em sistema plantio direto no Estado de Alagoas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comportamento de milho (Zea Mays L.) e propriedades físicas do solo, no sistema plantio direto, em resposta a aplicação de fertilizante organomineral

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Nitrogênio na semeadura e em cobertura para o feijoeiro em sistema plantio direto em fase de implantação e consolidado

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Adubação com micronutrientes no plantio da cultura da cana-de-açúcar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Manejo da adubação nitrogenada em híbridos de mamona de porte baixo cultivados na safra e na safrinha em sistema plantio direto

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Épocas de semeadura e manejos de corte de milheto cultivado no outono-inverno e efeitos na cultura da soja em sucessão sob plantio direto

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Simulação do caminhamento de herbicidas em diferentes tipos e quantidades de palhadas utilizadas no sistema de plantio direto

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Semeadura de braquiária em consorciação com milho em diferentes espaçamentos na integração agricultura-pecuária em plantio direto

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS