Subsidence damage assessment of a Gothic church using differential interferometry and field data

The Santas Justa and Rufina Gothic church (fourteenth century) has suffered several physical, mechanical, chemical, and biochemical types of pathologies along its history: rock alveolization, efflorescence, biological activity, and capillary ascent of groundwater. However, during the last two decades, a new phenomenon has seriously affected the church: ground subsidence caused by aquifer overexploitation. Subsidence is a process that affects the whole Vega Baja of the Segura River basin and consists of gradual sinking in the ground surface caused by soil consolidation due to a pore pressure decrease. This phenomenon has been studied by differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry techniques, which illustrate settlements up to 100 mm for the 1993–2009 period for the whole Orihuela city. Although no differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry information is available for the church due to the loss of interferometric coherence, the spatial analysis of nearby deformation combined with fieldwork has advanced the current understanding on the mechanisms that affect the Santas Justa and Rufina church. These results show the potential interest and the limitations of using this remote sensing technique as a complementary tool for the forensic analysis of building structures.

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With reproductions of original title-pages.

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Presented as the first lecture in the 1947 School of Religion for Men held by the Church of the Redeemer, Calvary Church, and the Church of the Ascension, of Pittsburgh.

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Cover title: Pilgrim's guide to Christ Church Cranbrook.

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A brief history of Knox College, situated in Galesburgh, Knox County, Illinois; with sketches of the first settlement of the town /

Mode of access: Internet.

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Calvin's doctrine of the Word and sacrament

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Politics and religion; a study in Scottish history from the reformation to the revolution,

I. The French alliance. Condition of the church. The eve of the reformation, 1550-1559. The war of reformation, 1559-1560. The reformation parliament. John Knox. Maitland and Mary Stewart, 1561-1567. Civil war, 1568-1573. The new religion. Church and state. Bishops and presbyters, 1572-1625. The reign of the moderates. The national covenant, 1625-1638. Presbytery restored, 1638. The Glasgow assembly.--II. The covenant in arms, 1639-1641. The solemn league and covenant, 1641-1643. The royalist reaction, 1644-1648. The theocratic experiment, 1648-1651. The reign of the zealots. The restoration, 1651-1663. The Pentland rising, 1663-1667. The Leighton group, 1667-1674. The Bothwell rising, 1674-1680. Fanaticism and repression, 1680-1685. The revolution, 1685-1688. The revolution settlement, 1688-1695.