892 resultados para The Torrent: Toowoomba and the Lockyer Valley


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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal determinar el papel de la estrategia colombiana de desarrollo bajo en carbono en el mercado de bonos de carbono en Colombia. Esto con el fin de demostrar que las acciones nacionalmente apropiadas de mitigación NAMAS son un mecanismo de mitigación y puede no tener una incidencia en la oferta ni tampoco en la demanda del mercado de bonos de carbono en Colombia. Esta investigación se llevará a cabo por medio de un estudio de caso con un enfoque institucionalista. Se utilizará el método de investigación cualitativo, ya que se intenta medir las cualidades de la estrategia colombiana de desarrollo bajo en carbono mediante un análisis documental, teniendo como referencia las fuentes primarias; el Conpes 3700 de 2011, entrevistas a expertos del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, Fundación Natura, ConTREEbute, Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburra, y fuentes secundarias, entre otras.

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Las estructuras monumentales prehistóricas construidas mediante zanjas continuas excavadas en el suelo de la Amazonia brasileña, son yacimientos que comprenden varias formas geométricas de diversos tamaños. Actualmente se conocen 291 yacimientos arqueológicos, la mayor parte de los cuales han sido mapeados por medio de imágenes de satélite. Estas construcciones prehistóricas fueron localizadas mediante la combinación de una serie de estrategias de prospección que incluyen el uso de imágenes satélites, sobrevuelos y otras tecnologías que posibilitaron su identificación. En un análisis de caracterización cuantitativa y morfológica y a través da estadísticas, obtuvimos como principales resultados que existe una gran dispersión de los datos correspondientes a su tamaño, siendo menor la variación para la profundidad, el valor medio de las áreas de los recintos con zanjas perimetrales es 17.490,6 m2 , a pesar de que el 40,3% mide menos de una hectárea (10.000 m ), la altitud media a la que se encuentran es de 194,4 metros y ésta es la variable que mejor correlación tiene con la posición geográfica. Con la ayuda de gvSIG, Sextante, GRASS y R, hemos tratado de caracterizar la ubicación de los yacimientos atendiendo a diferentes variables entre las que destacan la altitud relativa, la orientación, la distancia al curso de agua más próximo, la pendiente y la posición relativa en el territorio. La intención es intentar predecir en qué áreas, hoy en día cubiertas por la masa forestal, se pueden encontrar estructuras semejantes a las localizadas en las áreas abiertas. Este carácter predictivo de nuestras observaciones sería de vital importancia para poder definir futuras prospecciones en las áreas boscosas de la Amazonia.Para el futuro, no descartamos el aprovechamiento de datos LIDAR para intentar comprobar si las áreas designadas como potencialmente poseedoras de geoglifos efectivamente los poseen

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In the colonial period, the Spanish politics towards the American frontiers was oriented not only to recognition and military protection of the borders, but also to control trade in the regions. During the demarcation of the boundaries in the 18th Century, the smuggling in the borders degenerated in various conflicts between the Spanish and Portuguese authorities. However, illegal trade played an important role en la satisfaction of the provisions in the zone, making possible the establishment of local alliances. This article addresses these questions taking as object the study the border Luso-Spanish in the Amazon Valley, between captaincy of Negro River and the province of Maynas, 1780-1820.

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The Aerosol Direct Radiative Experiment (ADRIEX) took place over the Adriatic and Black Seas during August and September 2004 with the aim of characterizing anthropogenic aerosol in these regions in terms of its physical and optical properties and establishing its impact on radiative balance. Eight successful flights of the UK BAE-146 Facility for Atmospheric Airborne Measurements were completed together with surface-based lidar and AERONET measurements, in conjunction with satellite overpasses. This paper outlines the motivation for the campaign, the methodology and instruments used, describes the synoptic situation and provides an overview of the key results. ADRIEX successfully measured a range of aerosol conditions across the northern Adriatic, Po Valley and Black Sea. Generally two layers of aerosol were found in the vertical: in the flights over the Black Sea and the Po Valley these showed differences in chemical and microphysical properties, whilst over the Adriatic the layers were often more similar. Nitrate aerosol was found to be important in the Po Valley region. The use of new instruments to measure the aerosol chemistry and mixing state and to use this information in determining optical properties is demonstrated. These results are described in much more detail in the subsequent papers of this special issue.

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High prevalence of anthelmintic-resistant gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in goats has increased pressure to find effective, alternative non-synthetic control methods, one of which is adding forage of the high condensed tannin (CT) legume sericea lespedeza (SL; Lespedeza cuneata) to the animal's diet. Previous work has demonstrated good efficacy of dried SL (hay, pellets) against small ruminant GIN, but information is lacking on consumption of fresh SL, particularly during the late summer–autumn period in the southern USA when perennial warm-season grass pastures are often low in quality. A study was designed to determine the effects of autumn (September–November) consumption of fresh SL forage, grass pasture (predominantly bermudagrass, BG; Cynodon dactylon), or a combination of SL + BG forage by young goats [intact male Spanish kids, 9 months old (20.7 ± 1.1 kg), n = 10/treatment group] on their GIN infection status. Three forage paddocks (0.40 ha) were set up at the Fort Valley State University Agricultural Research Station (Fort Valley, GA) for an 8-week trial. The goats in each paddock were supplemented with a commercial feed pellet at 0.45 kg/head/d for the first 4 weeks of the trial, and 0.27 kg/head/d for the final 4 weeks. Forage samples taken at the start of the trial were analyzed for crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, and a separate set of SL samples was analyzed for CT in leaves, stems, and whole plant using the benzyl mercaptan thiolysis method. Animal weights were taken at the start and end of the trial, and fecal and blood samples were collected weekly for determination of fecal egg counts (FEC) and packed cell volume (PCV), respectively. Adult GIN was recovered from the abomasum and small intestines of all goats at the end of the experiment for counting and speciation. The CP levels were highest for SL forage, intermediate for SL + BG, and lowest for BG forage samples, while NDF and ADF values were the opposite, with highest levels in BG and lowest in SL forage samples. Sericea lespedeza leaves had more CT than stems (16.0 g vs. 3.3 g/100 g dry weight), a slightly higher percentage of PDs (98% vs. 94%, respectively) and polymers of larger mean degrees of polymerization (42 vs. 18, respectively). There were no differences in average daily gain or blood PCV between the treatment groups, but SL goats had lower FEC (P < 0.05) than the BG or SL + BG forage goats throughout most of the trial. The SL + BG goats had lower FEC than the BG forage animals by the end of the trial (week 8, P < 0.05). The SL goats had lower numbers (P < 0.05) of male Haemonchus contortus and tended to have fewer female (P < 0.10) and total (P < 0.07) H. contortus compared with the BG goats. The predominant GIN in all the goats was Trichostrongylus colubriformis (73% of total GIN). As a low-input forage with activity against pathogenic GIN (H. contortus), SL has a potential to reduce producers’ dependence upon synthetic anthelmintics and also to fill the autumn ‘window’ in good-quality fresh forages for goat grazing in the southern USA.

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Wind energy potential in Iberia is assessed for recent–past (1961–2000) and future (2041–2070) climates. For recent–past, a COSMO-CLM simulation driven by ERA-40 is used. COSMO-CLM simulations driven by ECHAM5 following the A1B scenario are used for future projections. A 2 MW rated power wind turbine is selected. Mean potentials, inter-annual variability and irregularity are discussed on annual/seasonal scales and on a grid resolution of 20 km. For detailed regional assessments eight target sites are considered. For recent–past conditions, the highest daily mean potentials are found in winter over northern and eastern Iberia, particularly on high-elevation or coastal regions. In northwestern Iberia, daily potentials frequently reach maximum wind energy output (50 MWh day−1), particularly in winter. Southern Andalucía reveals high potentials throughout the year, whereas the Ebro valley and central-western coast show high potentials in summer. The irregularity in annual potentials is moderate (<15% of mean output), but exacerbated in winter (40%). Climate change projections show significant decreases over most of Iberia (<2 MWh day−1). The strong enhancement of autumn potentials in Southern Andalucía is noteworthy (>2 MWh day−1). The northward displacement of North Atlantic westerly winds (autumn–spring) and the strengthening of easterly flows (summer) are key drivers of future projections.

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Os esforços de conservação ambiental têm enfrentado muitos desafios, dentre os quais a dificuldade para implementar áreas protegidas. As evidências sugerem que a criação legal de uma área protegida não é condição suficiente para sua efetiva implementação. O presente trabalho adota uma abordagem institucionalista para entender as condições que poderiam levar ao sucesso ou ao fracasso de tais áreas. O arcabouço teórico é composto por trabalhos de Direito Ambiental, Biologia da Conservação e, principalmente, da Nova Economia Institucional. Inicialmente, busca-se reunir estes diversos campos do conhecimento sob um mesmo corpo de conhecimento, a Governança ambiental. Em seguida, formula-se uma hipótese de complementaridade institucional, i.e., a possibilidade de que exista sinergia na interação entre determinadas instituições. Esta discussão é utilizada para analisar a legislação brasileira referente às Unidades de Conservação. E, por fim, as hipóteses teóricas são examinadas em um estudo de caso da região de Mata Atlântica no Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo.

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Este estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver um Balanced Scorecard para uma indústria de alimentos do Vale do Taquari. O Balanced Scorecard é um sistema de avaliação de desempenho através de indicadores, desenvolvido pelos autores Robert S. Kaplan e David P. Norton. Através da identificação de um quadro equilibrado de indicadores, o Balanced Scorecard apresenta um conjunto de medidas que fornece uma visão rápida e abrangente da empresa, buscando eliminar o excesso de informação e concentrando a atenção naquelas medidas que são fundamentais. Além das medidas financeiras, que informam sobre os resultados das ações já tomadas, apresenta também medidas operacionais de satisfação do cliente; dos processos internos e atividades de inovação e aperfeiçoamento da organização. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza qualitativa voltada ao estudo de caso. Foram realizadas entrevistas e visitas à empresa buscando os dados necessários para o desenvolvimento do trabalho e definição dos indicadores, suas metas e responsáveis, para cada uma das perspectivas. O resultado do trabalho é um Balanced Scorecard, que contempla as quatro perspectivas (financeira, cliente, processos internos e aprendizado), demonstrando a relação de causas e efeitos entre os indicadores destas perspectivas, apresentando um mapa estratégico que permite visualizar o desempenho da organização frente a sua estratégia e metas definidas.

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O objetivo deste experimento, realizado na cultura da banana (Musa spp.) no Vale do Ribeira, no município de Registro-SP, foi fazer um cadastramento fitossociológico das espécies de plantas daninhas sob duas formas de manejo do solo. A amostragem das espécies daninhas foi feita em duas áreas distintas de manejo, sendo uma com a cultura implantada em área de várzea drenada a 7 m de altitude e a outra com a bananicultura em área de sequeiro a 16 m de altitude. Na amostragem de um hectare, utilizou-se o método do quadrado inventário para cálculo de frequência, frequência relativa, densidade, densidade relativa, abundância, abundância relativa, índice de valor de importância e índice de importância relativa. em ambas as áreas foram identificadas 10 famílias, distribuídas em 18 gêneros e 21 espécies. Na área de várzea drenada, 38% das famílias identificadas são monocotiledôneas e 62% dicotiledôneas, num total de 15 espécies, distribuídas em nove famílias. Na área de cultivo em sistema de sequeiro, foram identificados 50% de famílias monocotiledôneas e 50% de dicotiledôneas, num total de 11 espécies, distribuídas em seis famílias. As famílias com maior representatividade foram Poaceae, com sete espécies, seguida de Asteraceae, com três. Com o estudo realizado, verificou-se ainda grande diversidade de espécies nas áreas selecionadas.

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A great discussion of this work refers to development that is related to the common census of economic growth, in addition, another component of this discussion is related to socio-cultural and environmental impacts of this conception of progress. Giving economic progress is not necessary, since the development in its fullness, that progress depends, but what is sought is a harmony between capital accumulation and environmental limits and social interactions between men and between them and nature. The presence or absence of this harmonious relationship can be observed in various industrial activities, more punctual can cite the example of the developed ceramic activity in the meso-Valley-Acu in Rio Grande do Norte where such activity has great economic representativeness for the region, but that does not have good relations with social and environmental issues and is more focused on the accumulation of capital by increasing its level of industrial activity. Given this debate, the present paper aims to present the profile of a ceramic tile Valley-of-Acu and impacts, ecosocioambientais generated as a result of this activity as well. Methodologically the research will be conducted through literature research papers in books and other work carried out on the same theme, the second time will be held the empirical part of the research through interviews with managers of industries (selected through sample with the criteria set later ) as well as with employees working on the factory floor and city managers in the region under analysis and other agencies responsible for regulation and control of activity potter in the state

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In this research, we studied alternative communities that promote self-care practices, as well as environmental and community care.We problematized if there are ascetical practices in these communities - understanding asceticism from Ortega (2008) and Foucault (2006, 2009, 1998), which would be a transition from one type of subjectivity to another one to be achieved through exercises on itself, in other words, the ascetic oscillates between a refused identity to another to be drawn by an art that focuses itlself.This research was conducted through the analysis of files, observations of daily practices and interviews with open questions in order to achieve reflections and thoughts of the residents of alternative communities.For our study, we chose the Alternative Community of Campina, located in the Capon Valley/Bahia; Sabiaguaba community, located in Fortaleza-CE; and the National Meeting of Alternative Communities (ENCA). The research points to ways of living that create new subjectivities, in which the subject feels responsible for taking care of themselves, others and the environment

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Agricultores no médio Vale do Paranapanema têm relatado problemas com bandos de pombas (Zenaida auriculata) que se alimentam de cotilédones de soja na época do plantio. Na região do município de Tarumã, SP, essas aves se reproduzem em uma colônia situada em um canavial, e sua dieta é composta de 70% do peso seco por 4 grãos cultivados (em ordem de importância: milho, trigo, arroz e soja). As sementes de três invasoras (Euphorbia heterophylla, Brachiaria plantaginea e Commelina benghalensis) são importantes. Essa informação sugere que as pombas se adaptaram particularmente bem à paisagem criada pelas práticas agrícolas da região, aproveitando vários alimentos oferecidos.

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A variation of photoconductivity excitation with wavelength is applied to Si-doped Al0.56Ga0.44As (indirect bandgap material) for a wide range of temperature. The lower the temperature the lower the photocurrent below 70 K. In the range 13-30 K there is a decrease in the photoconductivity spectrum slightly above the bandgap transition energy, followed by another increase in the conductivity. We interpret these results in the light of existing models and confirm the trapping by the X-valley effective mass state. which is responsible for attenuation of persistent photoconductivity below 70 K. A DX0 intermediate state which has non-negligible lifetime is proposed as responsible for the decrease in the photoconductivity with about 561 nm of wavelength of exciting light, in the investigated 13-30 g range.