Alle origini dello Zibaldone di pensieri. Studio critico e proposta di datazione delle prime cento pagine (1817-1820)

Questo lavoro, che si sviluppa in due tomi, si propone di stabilire nuove ipotesi di datazione per le prime cento pagine dello Zibaldone di pensieri, attraverso uno studio comparato dei temi trattati, incrociato con un’analisi paleografica, filologica e linguistica. Estremi cronologici dell’indagine sono l’estate del 1817, anno in cui Leopardi avvia il rapporto epistolare con Pietro Giordani, legge per la prima volta la Vita di Alfieri, primo momento di rivolgimento esistenziale e poetico, l’anno del “primo amore” e della “conversione letteraria”; e il gennaio del 1820, nella coda dei perturbamenti derivati dalla “mutazione totale”. Nella prima parte della tesi l’analisi è condotta attraverso uno studio preliminare delle vicende che hanno interessato l’autografo nei momenti di emersione dal privato della scrittura leopardiana e le successive vicende editoriali (cap. I.1); al centro della prima parte della tesi il lettore troverà una descrizione minuta del manoscritto (cap. I.2), e infine l’analisi del ruolo e della ‘funzione Zibaldone’ in rapporto alla formazione e alla produzione leopardiana (cap. I.3). La seconda parte prende in esame i “pensieri-guida” per la datazione, mettendo a sistema i diversi dati raccolti che diano riferimenti cronologici (cap. II.1), individua le diverse campagne di aggiunte successive (cap. II.2), infine le letture che trovano posto nelle cento pagine vengono analizzate anche in rapporto a una riflessione sui modi e i tempi di lettura leopardiani (cap. II.3). Il secondo tomo si apre con le edizioni delle prime cento pagine, la cartacea, provvista delle date che verranno stabilite nella seconda parte della tesi, e il prototipo di edizione digitale. In coda si troveranno “gli strumenti”, quei dati che si sono raccolti e che nella tesi vengono messi a sistema, consentendo di guardare allo Zibaldone e alla vita intellettuale di Leopardi negli anni che coinvolgono le prime cento pagine attraverso una luce nuova.

Formulazione e caratterizzazione di idropitture con materie prime “Bio-Based”

The market for paint products with raw materials derived from renewable sources is growing rapidly in the building industry. When high performance in wet scrub resistance is required, “washable” paints are used. However, formulating products with Bio-Based raw materials generally results in a decrease in performances compared to similar products with raw materials from fossil sources. Therefore, a new formulation approach is needed to characterize polymeric binders from renewable sources and to consider the synergistic effects given by blends of polymeric binders of different origin and chemical structure. To date, the development of new formulations that imply less environmental impact is necessary if these products have to remain competitive in the marketplace. During the trainingship in IVAS S.p.A., washable paints with different PVC (Pigment Volume Concentration) were formulated and tested, evaluating whether the performance of paints with polymeric binders obtained from renewable sources was comparable to those with polymeric binders from fossil sources. The binders were chemically characterized by DSC, FT-IR and NMR analysis. Characterization tests of paints were focused on the evaluation of degree of whiteness, hiding power, dirt setting, and wet scrub resistance. Following the results obtained from the available binder combinations, it was possible to formulate two washable paints with comparable performances to those from fossil sources: paint A with 20 % of alkydic polymer and 80 % styrene/acrylic polymer and paint B with 40 % of alkydic polymer and 60 % styrene/acrylic polymer. Finally, the formulation was completed by adding the mainly Bio-Based derived additives generally used for this category of paints.

Prime prove per la mitigazione in ambito aziendale sull'accumulo di acrilammide in diversi frollini.

L’obiettivo principale di questa tesi è stato lo studio dei fattori che a livello genetico, di formulazione e di processo possono influenzare lo sviluppo di acrilammide nei frollini. L’acrilammide è una sostanza che appartiene alla categoria dei “probabili cancerogeni” per la salute dell’uomo, per cui è necessario cercare di ridurne il contenuto negli alimenti. A livello legislativo, la Commissione Europea ha redatto un regolamento (Reg. UE 2017/2158) nel quale vengono indicate le principali norme e accortezze da seguire a livello aziendale per ridurre la sua presenza negli alimenti. Tramite l’attività di tirocinio svolta presso l’azienda Deco Industrie S. C. R. L. con sede a San Michele (RA) è stato possibile osservare concretamente a livello industriale i problemi legati all’accumulo di acrilammide per alcuni alimenti prodotti. In particolare, l’attenzione dell’azienda durante il periodo di mia permanenza presso la sede è stata rivolta a tre tipi di frollini, considerati i più critici, per i quali è stata monitorata la concentrazione di acrilammide nel tempo, andando a modificare la formulazione della ricetta. Ovviamente questo studio di tesi riporta un primo approccio al problema e rappresenta quindi il punto di partenza per studi futuri più approfonditi con lo scopo di raggiungere una standardizzazione del prodotto con livelli sempre più bassi di acrilammide.

Modellazione, controllo e sviluppo sperimentale di un azionamento con convertitore boost integrato per DC fast charge

La presente trattazione propone un metodo innovativo per la fast DC charge, che permette di collegare le colonnine di ricarica a 400 V ai veicoli con batteria ad 800 V. Il collegamento avviene tramite l’azionamento elettrico di propulsione, che deve dunque essere riconfigurato durante la ricarica sotto forma di “integrated boost DC/DC converter”. L'elaborato illustra il modello matematico del sistema, lo schema di controllo in ambiente Simulink ed i risultati delle simulazioni. Infine, sono illustrate le prove a banco effettuate sul sistema in esame, la strumentazione utilizzata ed i risultati ottenuti per le configurazioni confrontate. Tuttavia, si dimostra che il metodo di ricarica richiede un’ulteriore induttanza per il collegamento al motore per evitare gli elevati ripple delle correnti di fase ed il conseguente surriscaldamento dei magneti rinvenuto durante le prove sperimentali.

Analisi fem, simulazione e sperimentazione di un azionamento brushless con convertitore boost integrato per DC fast charge

L'elaborato analizza il funzionamento di un integrated boost converter, operante come sistema di interfaccia per la ricarica di un veicolo elettrico operante a 800V con la colonnina di ricarica a 400V. Il convertitore utilizza le fasi dell'azionamento di trazione come induttanze di filtro. Mediante un’analisi agli elementi finiti sono stati estratti i parametri del motore elettrico di un veicolo stradale operante a 800V. Il funzionamento del convertitore è studiato in ciascuna delle configurazioni proposte in ambiente Simulink. Poi, sono state individuate le posizioni che permettono il funzionamento ottimale del sistema ed infine sono state eseguite le prove a banco per verificare le previsioni dei modelli matematici dell'integrated boost converter. Si è quindi ottenuta una configurazione dell'azionamento a bordo del veicolo che permette il trasferimento di energia tra batteria e colonnina di ricarica a tensione inferiore, seppur siano richiesti sviluppi futuri per poter avere una ricarica completa della batteria.

Design and implementation of a synchronous interleaved boost converter for fuel cell-powered catamaran

The present work describes the different stages of design, implementation, and validation procedures for an interleaved DC-DC boost converter intended for the 2022 Futura, a fuel cell-powered racing catamaran developed by the UniBoAT team. The main goal of the entire design has been the significant reduction of the weight of the converter by removing heat sinks and reducing component size while increasing its efficiency by adopting high-end power switches and the interleaved architecture operated with a synchronous control strategy. The obtained converter has been integrated into the structure containing the fuel cell stack obtaining a fully integrated system. The realized device has been based on an interleaved architecture with six phases controlled digitally through the average current mode control. The design has been validated through simulations carried out using the software LT-Spice, whereas experimental validations have been performed by means of laboratory bench tests and on-field tests. Detailed thermal and efficiency analyses are provided with the bench tests under the two synchronous and non-synchronous operating modes and with the adoption of the phase shedding technique. The prototype implementation and its performance in real operating conditions are also discussed. Eventually, it is underlined as the designed converter can be used in other applications requiring a voltage-controlled boost converter.

Impact Of Pregabalin Treatment On Synaptic Plasticity And Glial Reactivity During The Course Of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease that affects young adults. It is characterized by generating a chronic demyelinating autoimmune inflammation in the central nervous system. An experimental model for studying MS is the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), induced by immunization with antigenic proteins from myelin. The present study investigated the evolution of EAE in pregabalin treated animals up to the remission phase. The results demonstrated a delay in the onset of the disease with statistical differences at the 10th and the 16th day after immunization. Additionally, the walking track test (CatWalk) was used to evaluate different parameters related to motor function. Although no difference between groups was obtained for the foot print pressure, the regularity index was improved post treatment, indicating a better motor coordination. The immunohistochemical analysis of putative synapse preservation and glial reactivity revealed that pregabalin treatment improved the overall morphology of the spinal cord. A preservation of circuits was depicted and the glial reaction was downregulated during the course of the disease. qRT-PCR data did not show immunomodulatory effects of pregabalin, indicating that the positive effects were restricted to the CNS environment. Overall, the present data indicate that pregabalin is efficient for reducing the seriousness of EAE, delaying its course as well as reducing synaptic loss and astroglial reaction.

Key Issues In Inhibitor Management In Patients With Haemophilia.

12 Suppl 1

In Vitro Effects Of Hydrogen Peroxide Combined With Different Activators For The In-office Bleaching Technique On Enamel.

Abstract Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the alteration of human enamel bleached with high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide associated with different activators. Materials and methods. Fifty enamel/dentin blocks (4 × 4 mm) were obtained from human third molars and randomized divided according to the bleaching procedure (n = 10): G1 = 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP - Whiteness HP Maxx); G2 = HP + Halogen lamp (HL); G3 = HP + 7% sodium bicarbonate (SB); G4 = HP + 20% sodium hydroxide (SH); and G5 = 38% hydrogen peroxide (OXB - Opalescence Xtra Boost). The bleaching treatments were performed in three sessions with a 7-day interval between them. The enamel content, before (baseline) and after bleaching, was determined using an FT-Raman spectrometer and was based on the concentration of phosphate, carbonate, and organic matrix. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Tukey's test. Results. The results showed no significant differences between time of analysis (p = 0.5175) for most treatments and peak areas analyzed; and among bleaching treatments (p = 0.4184). The comparisons during and after bleaching revealed a significant difference in the HP group for the peak areas of carbonate and organic matrix, and for the organic matrix in OXB and HP+SH groups. Tukey's analysis determined that the difference, peak areas, and the interaction among treatment, time and peak was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The association of activators with hydrogen peroxide was effective in the alteration of enamel, mainly with regards to the organic matrix.

Sensitivity and specificity of machine learning classifiers for glaucoma diagnosis using Spectral Domain OCT and standard automated perimetry

PURPOSE: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of machine learning classifiers (MLCs) for glaucoma diagnosis using Spectral Domain OCT (SD-OCT) and standard automated perimetry (SAP). METHODS: Observational cross-sectional study. Sixty two glaucoma patients and 48 healthy individuals were included. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, achromatic standard automated perimetry (SAP) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) imaging with SD-OCT (Cirrus HD-OCT; Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., Dublin, California). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were obtained for all SD-OCT parameters and global indices of SAP. Subsequently, the following MLCs were tested using parameters from the SD-OCT and SAP: Bagging (BAG), Naive-Bayes (NB), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Function (RBF), Random Forest (RAN), Ensemble Selection (ENS), Classification Tree (CTREE), Ada Boost M1(ADA),Support Vector Machine Linear (SVML) and Support Vector Machine Gaussian (SVMG). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (aROC) obtained for isolated SAP and OCT parameters were compared with MLCs using OCT+SAP data. RESULTS: Combining OCT and SAP data, MLCs' aROCs varied from 0.777(CTREE) to 0.946 (RAN).The best OCT+SAP aROC obtained with RAN (0.946) was significantly larger the best single OCT parameter (p<0.05), but was not significantly different from the aROC obtained with the best single SAP parameter (p=0.19). CONCLUSION: Machine learning classifiers trained on OCT and SAP data can successfully discriminate between healthy and glaucomatous eyes. The combination of OCT and SAP measurements improved the diagnostic accuracy compared with OCT data alone.

Salto triplo : o sistema de preparaçao do desportista : da detecção a promoção do talento

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Bonding agent underneath sealant: shear bond strength to oil-contaminated

This study evaluated in vitro the shear bond strength of a resin-based pit-and-fissure sealant (Fluroshield - F) associated with either an ethanol-based (Adper Single Bond 2 - SB) or an acetone-based (Prime & Bond - PB) adhesive system under conditions of oil contamination. Mesial and distal enamel surfaces from 30 sound third molars were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n=30): I - no oil contamination; II - oil contamination. Contamination (0.25 mL during 10 s) was performed after 37% phosphoric acid etching with an air/oil spray. The specimens were randomly assigned to subgroups, according to the bonding protocol adopted: subgroup A - F was applied to enamel without an intermediate bonding agent layer; In subgroups B and C, SB and PB, respectively, were applied, light-cured, and then F was applied and light-cured. Shear bond strength was tested at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min in a universal testing machine. Means (± SD) in MPa were: IA-11.28 (±1.84); IIA-12.02 (±1.15); IB-9.73 (±2.38); IIB-9.62 (±2.29); IC-28.30 (±1.63); and IIC-25.50 (±1.91). It may be concluded that the oil contamination affected negatively the sealant bonding to enamel and the acetone-based adhesive system (PB) layer applied underneath the sealant was able to prevent its deleterious effects to adhesion.

Influence of intrapulpal pressure simulation on the bond strength of adhesive systems to dentin

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of intrapulpal pressure simulation on the bonding effectiveness of etch & rinse and self-etch adhesives to dentin. Eighty sound human molars were distributed into eight groups, according to the permeability level of each sample, measured by an apparatus to assess hydraulic conductance (Lp). Thus, a similar mean permeability was achieved in each group. Three etch & rinse adhesives (Prime & Bond NT - PB, Single Bond -SB, and Excite - EX) and one self-etch system (Clearfil SE Bond - SE) were employed, varying the presence or absence of an intrapulpal pressure (IPP) simulation of 15 cmH2O. After adhesive and restorative procedures were carried out, the samples were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37°C, and taken for tensile bond strength (TBS) testing. Fracture analysis was performed using a light microscope at 40 X magnification. The data, obtained in MPa, were then submitted to the Kruskal-Wallis test ( a = 0.05). The results revealed that the TBS of SB and EX was significantly reduced under IPP simulation, differing from the TBS of PB and SE. Moreover, SE obtained the highest bond strength values in the presence of IPP. It could be concluded that IPP simulation can influence the bond strength of certain adhesive systems to dentin and should be considered when in vitro studies are conducted.

O sincretismo de culturas sob a ótica da arquitetura vernácula do imigrante japonês na cidade de Registro, São Paulo

O presente artigo aborda os métodos construtivos empregados pelos imigrantes japoneses que vieram, em 1918, para a cidade de Registro, na região do Vale do Ribeira do Iguape, no estado de São Paulo. A vinda dessa nova frente de imigração foi incentivada pelo Governo do Estado, com o propósito de promover o processo de colonização, bem como de estimular o desenvolvimento econômico do Vale do Ribeira do Iguape por meio da expansão da cultura do café para a região. As características dessa frente de imigração são muito diferenciadas em relação às demais, tendo em vista que os que dela faziam parte chegaram ao Brasil como proprietários de terras e com apoio financeiro e logístico oferecido por uma empresa particular japonesa, responsável por gerenciar o empreendimento. Esses imigrantes, portanto, contaram com auxílio de uma complexa infra-estrutura, cujo objetivo era viabilizar a sua missão de desenvolvimento da região. Mesmo tendo essa particularidade lhes proporcionado a liberdade de recriar sua cultura em solo brasileiro, a realidade do novo habitat forçou-os a reinterpretar seus hábitos culturais ante as novas circunstâncias físicas, econômicas e sociais encontradas. A fim de entender esse processo de adaptação, foi realizado um estudo dos métodos construtivos empregados em suas edificações, baseado nos conhecimentos desses imigrantes sobre sua arquitetura tradicional. Essa análise permitiu examinar o longo processo de sincretismo entre a cultura oriental e o conhecimento construtivo vernáculo dos habitantes do Vale do Ribeira do Iguape.

Evidence for divided automatic attention

A long-standing debate in the literature is whether attention can form two or more independent spatial foci in addition to the well-known unique spatial focus. There is evidence that voluntary visual attention divides in space. The possibility that this also occurs for automatic visual attention was investigated here. Thirty-six female volunteers were tested. In each trial, a prime stimulus was presented in the left or right visual hemifield. This stimulus was characterized by the blinking of a superior, middle or inferior ring, the blinking of all these rings, or the blinking of the superior and inferior rings. A target stimulus to which the volunteer should respond with the same side hand or a target stimulus to which she should not respond was presented 100 ms later in a primed location, a location between two primed locations or a location in the contralateral hemifield. Reaction time to the positive target stimulus in a primed location was consistently shorter than reaction time in the horizontally corresponding contralateral location. This attentional effect was significantly smaller or absent when the positive target stimulus appeared in the middle location after the double prime stimulus. These results suggest that automatic visual attention can focus on two separate locations simultaneously, to some extent sparing the region in between.