941 resultados para Posturas


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This study has as main objective to identify the complains occurrences about pain in the spine segments, that are related to work standing posture, adopted by the collaborators in the production section of a food industry, in the city of Marília São Paulo state. A descriptive research and studying case was made, using 30 employees as a sample. It was used as methodological procedure, a questionnaire to obtain information on professional and personal data, posture to remain standing, the most uncomfortable postures in the work environment (signed by the form of Ranney, 2000) and pain (pointed out by Corllet and Manenica Diagram, 1980). It was also used the Nordic questionnaire (Kuorioka et al.,1986), validated in the Brazilian culture by Barros e Alexandre (2003) and adapted for the study, the direct evaluation and, a direct observation was made in the production work, a posture analysis using the OWAS Method. It was noticed that the posture of standing up is adopted during work, and 73.3% of the people that was interviewed said that they felt tired in consequence of this posture, especially when associated with trunk twists, trunk inclination and elevation of their arms above their heads. Most complains regarding pain through their bodies, by Corllet e Manenica (1980) pointed to the lumbar region, followed in the dorsal area and legs and in the neck area, shoulders and right thigh. The adapted Nordic questionnaire reveled the lumbar area, in 10 interviewed people (33.3%) as the area mostaffected by musculoskeletal symptoms, next in the dorsal area, with five people interviewed (16.7%) and one of them (3.3%) felt pain in the cervical area, none reported pain in the hips area. The postural analysis was applied using OWAS method, and it was identified the postures that demanded more effort in the four levels of musculoskeletal injuries. As conclusion, the standing up posture and the asymmetric and incorrect movements are related to pain in the spine, mostly in the lumbar area.

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This article brings a discussion of the implications of religious diversity on science education as well as on teacher education. To orientate our discussion, we adopt as framework the ideas of German philosopher Jürgen Habermas on the political relationship that should govern relations between a naturalistic culture and different religious cultures. We also present a research with future teachers of physics, which aimed at investigating the positions taken by the future teachers towards non scientific models presented by students about the origins of the universe. We tried to identify, especially, the expectation of these future teachers would demonstrated about the contributing of the lifting of such models in class by students. We were able to find that most of them believe that the manifestation of these ideas could bring contributions to the discussion in the classroom. We also found that teaching practices based on communication, questioning and dialogue of the undergraduate course done by the prospective teachers has generated an ownership by the undergraduates of these practices and their potential application in other situations and other discussions, including inter-religious.

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Pós-graduação em Educação Sexual - FCLAR

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The main objective of this paper was to verify the influence of the organization and management in social responsibility the decision of adoption, choice, justification and implementation of innovation in elaborates of sugar, ethanol and energy companies of the midwestern state of São Paulo. Using multivariable analysis of principal components and clusters, the variables were analyzed and companies classified. Adapted to contemporary situations, the Freeman (1975) model of taxonomies was the parameter with research information in personal interviews by semi-structured questionnaires. The activities investigated were the existence of programs and organization to improve the welfare and quality of life to employees and family (leisure, culture, health, self-knowledge, values, beliefs etc.), program and social volunteering organization for the community, programs and organization to encourage the training of educators and extension education and incentive programs and organization to research and scientific production. It was concluded that the best companies which included, in their organization structures, management practices embodied in social responsibility.

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The primary objective of this study was to verify the existence of internal organization and processes influencing the decisions on adoption, choice, justification and implementation of innovative practices of scientific and technical activities undertaken in the elaborates of sugar, ethanol and energy companies of the midwest of the state of Sao Paulo. Using multivariate analysis of principal components and clusters, the variables were analyzed and the companies, classified. The taxonomy model adapted to contemporary situations described by Freeman (1975), was the 'parameter used with research information in personal interviews by semi-structured questionnaires. The investigated activities constituted of: basic research; applied research; experimental development; scientific and technical information; long-term planning. The variables analyzed were: production processes, operating systems, development of new products, projects and implementation of pilot plant for new products, development, knowledge, studies of other business segments, number of innovations, and the number of existing employees in the organizational structure for these purposes. It was concluded that the best companies with innovative attitudes are those that have incorporated into their organizational the structures, practices and techniques of scientific activities.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The purpose of the ergonomics is to generate adequate working conditions, by the correct use of equipment and appropriate anatomic positions. Ergonomics has become essential in the dentist's life while in the dental practice. The misuse of equipment in performing tasks or the wrong choice of equipment can initiate various problems like back pain, bursitis, repetitive strain injury (RSI), limitation of movement, and stress. Using a survey that was implemented with professional dentists linked to Paulista Association of Dental Surgeons (APCD) and graduate students at the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in the São José dos Campos (SP) region, this study intends to propose an adequate research instrument to identify ergonomic critical factors of dental stools and their relation to productivity and satisfaction of dentists. The survey was developed with Google Docs Forms tool and was designed by analysis of other studies, existing surveys and other papers in this area. Relevant content were discussed and developed questions about the stool used by dentists in their activities, the occurrence of any problems arising from the exercise of their profession and the views of respondents about the influence of using the dental stool in these cited problems as well as their productivity. Due to obstacles encountered during the project, particularly bureaucratic issues, the survey cannot be implemented as needed, resulting in a test with reduced number of answers. The users' opinion varies according to the stool used, bringing some difficulty to generalizing the answers, but if treated properly, it is possible to obtain relevant conclusions about the main aspects perceived by users in relation to the stool and the needs pointed as most important

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The purpose of the ergonomics is to generate adequate working conditions, by the correct use of equipment and appropriate anatomic positions. Ergonomics has become essential in the dentist's life while in the dental practice. The misuse of equipment in performing tasks or the wrong choice of equipment can initiate various problems like back pain, bursitis, repetitive strain injury (RSI), limitation of movement, and stress. Using a survey that was implemented with professional dentists linked to Paulista Association of Dental Surgeons (APCD) and graduate students at the Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) in the São José dos Campos (SP) region, this study intends to propose an adequate research instrument to identify ergonomic critical factors of dental stools and their relation to productivity and satisfaction of dentists. The survey was developed with Google Docs Forms tool and was designed by analysis of other studies, existing surveys and other papers in this area. Relevant content were discussed and developed questions about the stool used by dentists in their activities, the occurrence of any problems arising from the exercise of their profession and the views of respondents about the influence of using the dental stool in these cited problems as well as their productivity. Due to obstacles encountered during the project, particularly bureaucratic issues, the survey cannot be implemented as needed, resulting in a test with reduced number of answers. The users' opinion varies according to the stool used, bringing some difficulty to generalizing the answers, but if treated properly, it is possible to obtain relevant conclusions about the main aspects perceived by users in relation to the stool and the needs pointed as most important

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A presença cada vez mais disseminada de organismos exóticos (muitos dos quais se tornam invasores) nas diferentes regiões do planeta levou ao surgimento de uma linha de pesquisa na ecologia voltada às invasões biológicas. E para permitir a comunicação entre autores também foi desenvolvido um arcabouço terminológico. Mas, apesar disso, a terminologia relativa às bioinvasões tem sido ignorada por boa parte dos botânicos no Brasil. Há uma boa dose de confusão entre botânicos sobre o que seja uma espécie exótica, naturalizada, invasora, daninha e ruderal, levando ao uso inconsistente da terminologia. Além disso, diferentes autores têm adotado posturas praticamente opostas ao lidar com espécies exóticas em suas áreas de estudo, seja na preparação de tratamentos taxonômicos, seja na publicação de levantamentos florísticos e fitossociológicos. Enquanto alguns pesquisadores incluem em floras mesmo espécies cultivadas que não se reproduzem, outros excluem plantas invasoras comuns e conspícuas. Nós apresentamos aqui, em português, os principais conceitos relativos ao tema da bioinvasão e chamamos a atenção dos autores brasileiros para a necessidade de utilizar de modo consistente o arcabouço terminológico já existente na literatura. Também propomos a adoção de rótulos claros para informar quais espécies são exóticas na área estudada, diferenciando-as das nativas, e sugerimos critérios para ajudar botânicos a decidirem quando uma planta exótica deve ou não ser incluída em tratamentos taxonômicos ou levantamentos de florística.

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INTRODUÇÃO: Há considerável evidência da importância de uma postura adequada para um bom desempenho vocal. As alterações posturais podem influenciar diretamente a projeção da voz. OBJETIVO: Identificar a influência das diferentes posturas corporais na produção da voz. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram realizadas as análises de 25 amostras vocais de um indivíduo que emitiu a vogal sustentada /a/ em três diferentes posturas corporais: a) ortostática natural; b) anteriorização da cabeça associada com extensão da coluna cervical; c) aumento da cifose torácica associada com anteriorização de cabeça. O indivíduo foi fotografado simultaneamente ao processo de gravação da voz. Para certificar-se de que o indivíduo estava sempre na mesma posição, as posturas foram acompanhadas por fotogrametria computadorizada pelo programa Corel Draw 10®. RESULTADOS: Os resultados da fotogrametria foram analisados pelo teste de Levene que não mostrou diferenças significativas em oito dos nove ângulos estudados. A voz foi avaliada por análise acústica e avaliação subjetiva perceptivo-auditiva. A acústica foi analisada pelos testes Anova e Tukey, que mostraram diferença na variável jitter - relacionada à qualidade vocal - entre as posturas A e B. A comparação das posturas A e B e A e C pela análise perceptivo-auditiva da voz mostrou mudanças no tom, piora na qualidade e na ressonância vocal. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: As mudanças encontradas na voz provam que a melhor produção do som é na postura ereta. O fisioterapeuta é o profissional indicado para a orientação postural e correção das más posturas.

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Este artículo reflexiona, desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar -sociología, antropología y psicoanálisis- sobre la práctica swinger en tanto estilo de vida en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Esta connotación de lo swinger, como una práctica que permite el establecimiento del lazo social con sentido, lleva a cuestionar una percepción moralizante y prejuiciosa de la misma, compartida no sólo por personas que la consideran como una transgresión del deber ser de la sexualidad, sino también por profesionales del campo "psi", que la califican como perversa. El texto discute ambas posturas, que parecen desconocer las inflexiones resultantes de las actuales transformaciones de la intimidad.

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[ES] El trabajo que presentamos intenta aportar que la Comunicación no Verbal puede ser un instrumento a tener en cuenta en el proceso de la comunicación en su conjunto y donde se intenta medir, a través de un cuestionario (CUVALECORME), la valoración de la comunicación no verbal como herramienta de trabajo en la mediación familiar. Para la elaboración y desarrollo de este estudio, hemos conformado un marco teórico-conceptual con la aportación de diferentes autores que han tratado y analizado el lenguaje corporal. Citamos entre otros, a Parkinson (2005), Mehabian (1972), Cabana (2003), Günter (1995), Pinazu y Musitu (1993), Mucchiello (1998), Berlo (1969), Watzlawick (1974), Polaino y Martínez (1990) y Hervés (1998). Los resultados obtenidos muestran, a pesar de las limitaciones teóricas y metodológicas, una línea de trabajo que nos permiten señalar posturas a favor de la Valoración de la Comunicación no Verbal como Herramienta de Trabajo en la Mediación Familiar. De dichos resultados destacamos el obtenido en el total de niveles de valoración del CUVALECORME, donde el 78,9% de opinión consideran a la Comunicación no Verbal como una Herramienta de Trabajo en la Mediación Familiar, frente a un porcentaje del 21,1% de opiniones desfavorables.

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El trabajo se ha desplegado a partir de los procedimientos que se especifican a continuación y constituyen los pasos que se ejecutaron gradualmente y en algunos casos de manera simultánea de acuerdo con los niveles de formación de los integrantes. 1. Enunciación de postulados. Consistirá en la selección y construcción de la red que configuren los supuestos y el vocabulario de base con los que se operará en la lectura crítica. Lectura teórica y puesta de acuerdo para la postulación de aquellos criterios a ser considerados y se procurará elaborar y constituir un “léxico”, más desde el hacer que desde el descubrir, no se definirá por la búsqueda de un léxico último y allí estaría la originalidad metodológica y teórica. La lectura de lo literario no pretende focalizar la atención en la textualidad desde una perspectiva inmanente sino relacional, rizomática donde se pongan en escena las tramas sociosemióticas. Por ello, planteamos dos claves de inicio para configurar la constelación teórica: Autor y Territorio. Estos conceptos podrán proyectar y diseñar constelaciones mayores o menores en diversas direcciones. Incorporación de una nueva línea de trabajo dedicada a los discursos fundadores a cargo de la becaria auxiliar. Esto significó nuevas búsquedas del material textual y lecturas contextualizadoras. Abriendo en esta segunda etapa orientaciones que articulan los discursos fundadores con la producción actual. Cada uno de los investigadores configura sus propios recorridos con el asesoramiento de la directora quien le propone lecturas y dimensiones de trabajo posibles. Además, aquellos que cursan la Maestría en Semiótica discursiva intentan dar curso a los requerimientos de ellos en relación con la problemática abordada en el Proyecto. 2. Búsqueda y sistematización de los materiales que constituyen el corpus: se operará con algunos textos como lugares comunes y en diálogo perpetuo con otros textos, otras voces, otros testimonios que otorguen una mirada sobre el constructo de cruces y entrecruces discursivos, la confluencia de voces, lo heteroglósico y lo polifónico de las producciones literarias y no literarias propias de las condiciones en que generan. Actividades: Rastreo y compilación de los textos, libros editados, inéditos, publicaciones antológicas, etc. que configuran el corpus de trabajo. Operaciones propias de la metodología de la Genética, particularmente en el caso de Carla Andruskevicz ha contado con los originales manuscritos, tapuscritos, pruebas de galera y otros materiales paratextuales que le ha facilitado el autor. Rastreo, inventario y escaneado de textos publicados y materiales paratextuales (manuscritos, tapuscritos, entrevistas, reportajes y CV) de Olga Zamboni obtenidos a partir de encuentros periódicos, conversaciones e intercambios con la autora a cargo de Carmen Guadalupe Melo. Aproximación a la configuración del Archivo Olga Zamboni. 3. Análisis de dimensiones y segmentos que provocan los procesos relacionales de territorialización/desterritorialización literaria, lingüística y geográfica, de la memoria, de lo identitario entre otros, en su devenir sociohistórico y asimismo la propuesta de nuevas constelaciones territoriales de la literariedad. Actividades: Trabajo de análisis discursivo textual de los materiales a partir de las categorías analíticas, los procedimientos y estrategias discursivas de Análisis del discurso, la posición dialógica de Bajtín, los dispositivos semióticos en relación con las posturas de la Semiótica de la Cultura, particularmente Lotman; de la Sociología de la Cultura de Bourdieu y otros, de la Filosofía de Foucault, de los Estudios Culturales de Raymond Williams, de Appadurai, Homi Bhabha y de las corrientes de pensamiento postestructuralistas como Derrida, Eagleton, Deleuze-Guattari, B. Bazcko con los imaginarios sociales. Correlaciones en las lecturas. 4. Relevamiento de información a través de informantes claves. Actividades. Entrevistas: las mismas se realizarán de acuerdo con las perspectivas y definiciones teóricas y técnicas acordadas por los integrantes del equipo en relación con el objetivo y la información por relevar. Durante el período que se reseña, en el caso de Carla Andruskevicz mantiene permanente contacto con el escritores Raúl Novau y con Olga Zamboni fue realizada una nueva entrevista a cargo de Carmen Guadalupe Melo y Carolina Mora. Continúa con el escaneado de materiales facilitados por la escritora y la toma de decisiones respecto de la organización del archivo. 5. Conclusiones. Informes de avances con escritura y revisión. Actividad: Redacción de conclusiones. Revisiones. Escritura de ponencias y preparación de materiales didácticos para exposiciones en las cátedras.