The influence of resistance exercise with emphasis on specific contractions (concentric vs. eccentric) on muscle strength and post-exercise autonomic modulation: a randomized clinical trial

Contextualização:Ações concêntricas apresentam maior estresse cardiovascular quando comparadas às excêntricas. Entretanto, não se sabe a influência desses tipos de ações no comportamento da modulação autonômica cardíaca durante o processo de recuperação pós-esforço.Objetivo:Comparar o efeito de um treinamento resistido para o grupo extensor do joelho realizado com ênfase concêntrica vs excêntrica sobre a força muscular e a recuperação pós-exercício considerando índices de variabilidade de frequência cardíaca (VFC) em jovens saudáveis.Método:Cento e cinco homens, com idades entre 18 e 30 anos, foram randomizados em quatro grupos: controle concêntrico (CCONC), controle excêntrico (CEXC), treinamento concêntrico (TCONC) e treinamento excêntrico (TEXC). Os grupos CCONC e CEXC realizaram uma sessão de exercício reduzido (ER) para o grupo extensor do joelho [três séries de uma repetição a 100% de uma repetição máxima (1RM)], e os grupos TCONC e TEXC realizaram dez sessões de treinamento. A VFC foi analisada no momento basal e na recuperação após as sessões (T1, T2, T3 e T4).Resultados:Observou-se aumento da força muscular para o grupo TEXC. Em relação à modulação autonômica cardíaca, observou-se, em comparação ao momento basal, aumento dos índices SDNN e SD2 no momento T1 nos grupos CCONC e CEXC e aumento dos índices RMSSD, SD1 e AF (ms2) nos momentos T1, T2 e T4 no grupo TEXC.Conclusões:Conclui-se que o treinamento resistido realizado com ênfase em contrações excêntricas promoveu ganho de força e aumento da modulação vagal cardíaca durante o processo de recuperação em relação à condição basal.

Efeito do treinamento físico sobre o perfil metabólico e ósseo de ratos recém-desmamados

Introduction: The practice of moderate-intensity exercise can reduce the risk of infections and improve metabolic aspects of the person. Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic physical training on endocrine and metabolic aspects, bone and immune system. Methods: Twenty Wistar rats were divided in two groups: sedentary (GS) and trained group (TG). Training program consisted in swimming, 6 weeks, supporting a workload corresponding to 5% of body weight. At the end of the experiment, were performed counting total and differential leukocyte count and hematocrit. After training period, were analyzed glucose, total protein, triglycerides, cholesterol, liver and muscle samples for the determination of the levels of glycogen, and determination of the tibia length and bone area. All dependent variables were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a significance level of P < 0.05 was used for all comparisons. Results: Hematocrit (%) analyzed showed a significant difference, with higher values for TG (54.63 +/- 1.41) than for the GS (49.5 +/- 1.65). The total leukocyte count was not significantly different, as there was no difference in the differential count. Total cholesterol showed significant decrease in GT (GT = 68.27 +/- 13.71 mg/dL; GS = 94.44 +/- 28.09), the total protein levels also showed significant reduction (GT = 7.3 +/- 0,40 g/dL; GS = 7.74 +/- 0.36 g/dL) glucose levels and triglyceride showed no significant differences. The bone length showed a significant difference (GT = 40 +/- 0.14 mm; CG = 42.10 +/- 0.12mm). The tibial area showed the lowest value for the GT (1.53 +/- 0.12cm(2)) than for the GS (1.67 +/- 0.18cm(2)) however the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: It can be concluded that aerobic exercise training is able to produce some unique physiological changes in young rats. There is also the need to prescribe exercises that meet the particular maturational stage of development.

Influence of creatine supplementation on indicators of glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle of exercised rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effects of resistance training frequency on body composition and metabolics and inflammatory markers in overweight postmenopausal women

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Monitoring muscle damage markers during a four-week downhill walking exercise program

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aerobic Training Prevents Dexamethasone-Induced Peripheral Insulin Resistance

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Influência do treinamento resistido funcional sobre a modulação autonômica cardíaca, força muscular, parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios e qualidade de vida em mulheres jovens saudáveis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Biometry by ultrasonography of the epaxial and pelvic musculature in equines trained with Pessoa's rein

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O exercício resistido na mobilidade, flexibilidade, força muscular e equilíbrio de idosos

Introduction: Some losses resulting from aging can be minimized with the practice of resistive exercises. Objective: To analyze the effects of resistive exercises on flexibility, mobility, muscle strength and balance in the elderly. Method: Twenty elderly individuals were divided between an activity group (AG, n=10; 66.1±6.35 years) and a control group (CG, n=10; 65.4±7.54 years). Mobility, flexibility, muscle strength and balance were evaluated. The AG participated in the training for 13 weeks (one-hour sessions, twice a week). The Wilcoxon non-parametric test (intra-group analysis) was used to analyze the data. A significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was adopted. Results: After training, the AG presented better mobility, lower limb muscle strength, and balance, but no difference in flexibility. Conclusion: The present study allows us to conclude that resistive exercises were able to improve mobility, lower limb muscle strength and balance in elderly individuals.

Effects of strength and balance training on the mobility, fear of falling and grip strength of elderly female fallers

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of virtual reality and strength training on the balance, fear of falling and handgrip strength of older women with a history of falls. The fear of falling, mobility and grip strength were evaluated in 11 elderly fallers (72.4 ± 5.2 years). The faller group was submitted to 12 weeks of virtual reality and muscle strength training. The results showed improvement in mobility (p = 0.0004) and in the fear of falling (p = 0.002). No significant difference was observed for hand grip strength. It can be concluded that virtual reality and muscle strength interventions are beneficial for mobility and fear of falling in older women with a history of falls.

The effects of elastic tubing-based resistance training compared with conventional resistance training in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized clinical trial

Objective: To investigate the effects of elastic tubing training compared with conventional resistance training on the improvement of functional exercise capacity, muscle strength, fat-free mass, and systemic inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Design: A prospective, randomized, eight-week clinical trial.Setting: The study was conducted in a university-based, outpatient, physical therapy clinic.Subjects: A total of 49 patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Interventions: Participants were randomly assigned to perform elastic tubing training or conventional resistance training three times per week for eight weeks.Main measures: The primary outcome measure was functional exercise capacity. The secondary outcome measures were peripheral muscle strength, health-related quality of life assessed by the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ), fat-free mass, and cytokine profile.Results: After eight weeks, the mean distance covered during six minutes increased by 73 meters (69) in the elastic tubing group and by 42 meters (+/- 59) in the conventional group (p < 0.05). The muscle strength and quality of life improved in both groups (P < 0.05), with no significant differences between the groups. There was a trend toward an improved fat-free mass in both groups (P = 0.05). After the first and last sessions, there was an increase in interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in both groups, while tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) was stimulated only in the conventional training group.Conclusion: Elastic tubing training had a greater effect on functional exercise capacity than conventional resistance training. Both interventions were equally effective in improving muscle strength and quality of life.

FROM FACTORY-FLOOR TO UNIVERSITY

The interaction between industry and university is often discussed. Industry participants feel they do not have enough time to spend with academics because of tight deadlines to achieve your goals. The other hand, professors and his students do not have availability and resources for responding quickly to industry activities. Both sides recognize the associated problems and feel the consequences of various forms. One way to reduce the distance between them is to provide industrial labs that resemble the factory floor at the university. Thus not only students may work on a real technological base, but also the industry's problems can be brought to the university laboratory. To ensure that relevant industrial problems will be studied, the industry needs help in the formulation of the problem being researched. The graduate program of Automation and Control Engineering from UNESP Sorocaba is aimed at training human resources with skills in automation and control activities related to the development of automatic control processes, integrating electronic commands, intelligent manufacturing and industrial robotics. In order to achieve its objectives, one of the pillars of the university consists of a wide range of modern equipments and software for industrial automation, which allows the circuit assembly from most primitive until configuration and programming of a complex system of integrated manufacturing. This paper describes industrial automation equipments and laboratory structure offered to students of Control and Automation Engineering graduate program at UNESP Sorocaba as alternative to close technologies and real problems on the job until academic world. The strategic is to do students understand theory and operations in robotic and industrial automation by means to manipulating real production systems locate at university

Efeito da idade e de diferentes intensidades sobre o desempenho muscular de membros superiores e inferiores em mulheres

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análises histopatológicas, bioquímicas e moleculares sobre os efeitos da interação entre o uso de altas doses de decanoato de nadrolona e o exercício resistido durante a fase pós-púbere sobre a próstata de ratos em processo de envelhecimento

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Melhora da aptidão neuromuscular em indivíduos não treinados em força realizando método das séries simples e múltiplas

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of individuals not trained in methods under performing resistance exercise in the method of multiple series and the following exercises: Leg press (LP) 45, leg extension (CE), leg curl (CF), front handle (PF), rowing neutral (RN), bench press (SR) and Peck deck (PD) in 9 weeks with three training sessions / week. The study was with of 6 individuals aged 40 to 55 years were divided into two groups all were tested using the 1 RM for securing cargo to the drills being performed each test 48 h. Results: According to what was observed using this training protocol with different volume in each group for 9 weeks of training in these subjects did not differ in both groups but showed increases above two devices with other evaluated Peck deck and this is due Leg Press major muscle group.