Exploring two cases of Piano Teacher Education in Finland and Germany

Research about music instrument teacher education is scattered and fairly recent, especially in the European context. The purpose of this study was to explore two cases of piano teacher education programs at higher music education institutions, one in Finland, and one in Germany, to gain insights into the preparation of piano teachers for their professional working life. The aim was to identify issues for consideration in curriculum development of piano teacher education to enhance the teaching and learning of piano playing, and to ultimately increase musical practice and engagement among young learners. Nine semi-structured interviews with piano teacher educators, heads of program, other lecturers within the program, and student piano teachers in both cases were analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Three main themes with subcategories emerged: (1) the organization of the piano teacher education program, such as the structure, the content, the learning environments provided, and the development mechanisms of the program; (2) the views on the piano teacher profession, the working environment and resulting requirements, including further education during professional life; and (3) the professional skills and teacher identity development of student teachers. While the supposed working environments and requirements of future piano teachers, the student teachers' development characteristics, and the content were found reasonably concurrent in both cases, the structure of the teacher education program, and the organization of learning environments presented notable differences. While the complete teacher qualification in the Finnish case was offered as option in the Bachelor and Master of Music program within the piano department, the German case offered a separate program for music instrument educators. Other main differences concerned the organizations of practical teaching experiences, and the linking of practical with theoretical pedagogy. Conviction and enthusiasm for improving piano and other music instrument teacher education seemed remarkable. These improvements could include the development of a comprehensive teacher education pedagogy for music instrument teacher educators, intensified cross-linking within and of higher music education institutions in local contexts, and the expansion of professional development opportunities.

Revisitando a dinâmica trimestral do investimento no Brasil: 1996-2012

RESUMO Este texto discute os dados e os principais fatos estilizados da dinâmica da formação bruta de capital fixo (FBCF) no brasil após 1995. apresenta, ademais, especificações econométricas para a dinâmica trimestral da FBCF no período 1996-2012 que levantam hipóteses causais ainda relativamente inexploradas na literatura. os dados apresentados evidenciam as dinâmicas distintas da FBCF em máquinas e equipamentos e construções - e, consequentemente, o papel fundamental da primeira variável na dinâmica da FBCF total da economia. as estimativas apresentadas sugerem choques cambiais, nos preços internacionais de commodities e na FBCF pública como mecanismos causais da dinâmica trimestral da FBCF brasileira.

Cultura escolar e história eclesiástica: reflexões sobre a ação romanizadora pedagógica na formação de sacerdotes católicos e o Seminário Diocesano de Santa Maria (1915-1919)

O artigo propõe apresentar, explicar e analisar como a cultura escolar se manifestou em ambientes de instrução eclesiástica, utilizando o contexto histórico dos seminários de tradição tridentina. Sabemos que no Brasil, até meados do século XIX, não existiam seminários tridentinos para a formação do clero. Somente com a ação dos bispos ultramontanos, d. Romualdo Seixas, prelado da diocese de Salvador, d. Antônio Ferreira Viçoso, da diocese de Mariana e d. Antônio Joaquim de Melo, da diocese de São Paulo, todos eles, especialmente os dois últimos, perceberam que era quase impossível reformar o clero sem criar seminários tridentinos. Para eles, os seminários fechados, onde os internos entravam antes da puberdade, para não conhecer a maldade do mundo, sendo isolados do convívio social, era um procedimento eficaz na formação de um clero moralizado, ilustrado e ultramontano. Seguindo a compreensão de Dominique Julia (La culture scolaire comme objet historique), o principal objetivo deste artigo é entender e explicar a cultura escolar como definidora de saberes e condutas que permitiram a transmissão e a incorporação de valores no comportamento dos internos do Seminário Diocesano de Santa Maria, entre os anos de 1915 e 1919.

Energiaturvallisuus Baltian maissa – Energiajärjestelmien muutos uudelleenitsenäistymisestä nykypäivään

Pro gradu –tutkielma Energiaturvallisuus Baltian maissa – Energiajärjestelmien muutos uudelleenitsenäistymisestä nykypäivään käsittelee Viron, Latvian ja Liettuan energiatur-vallisuutta ja maiden energiajärjestelmissä tapahtuneita muutoksia maiden uudelleenit-senäistymisestä nykypäivään. Tutkielma sisältää myös tulevaisuuskatsauksen, jossa arvi-oidaan maiden energiajärjestelmien muutoksia ja energiaturvallisuuden tulevaisuutta alueella. Empiirisen analyysin lisäksi tutkielma tutustuttaa lukijan energiaturvallisuustutkimuksen problematiikkaan muun muassa energiaturvallisuuden tarkan määrittelyn vaikeuden kautta. Kirjallisuuskatsaus perehdyttää lukijan energiaturvallisuustutkimuksen historiaan ja kehitykseen 1900–luvun lopulla ja 2000–luvulla. Tutkielmassa on hyödynnetty erityisesti tutkijoiden Aleh Cherpin ja Jessica Jewellin laajaa tuotantoa energiaturvallisuustutkimuksen kentällä. Kyseisten tutkijoiden vuonna 2011 julkaisema energiaturvallisuusmalli toimii tutkielman empiirisen analyysin pohjana. Tutkielman aineistossa on hyödynnetty muun muassa kansainvälisten energia-alan orga-nisaatioiden raportteja, yritysten vuosikertomuksia, valtioiden tilastollista dataa sekä uutis- ja sanomalehtilähteitä. Työtä ohjasivat kaksi tutkimuskysymystä: Ensimmäisen tarkoituksena oli selvittää liit-tyivätkö Virossa, Latviassa ja Liettuassa tehdyt energiapoliittiset muutokset energiatur-vallisuuden parantamiseen Cherpin ja Jewellin energiaturvallisuusmalliin verrattaessa. Toiseen tutkimuskysymykseen ansiokas vastaus analysoi pyrittiinkö energiaturvallisuutta parantamaan maissa ensisijaisesti geopoliittisista syistä, vai ottivatko Baltian maat ener-giapoliittisissa päätöksissään myös tekniset ja taloudelliset energiaturvallisuuskysymyk-set huomioon. Analyysista voitiin johtaa seuraavanlaiset päätelmät: Kunkin Baltian maan energiapoliit-tiset päätökset toimivat pitkälti myös energiaturvallisuuden parantamisen kannalta siinä määrin, miten energiaturvallisuuden parantaminen voidaan Cherpin ja Jewellin mallin mukaan määritellä. Etenkin liittyminen Euroopan unioniin näytti lisäävän maiden ener-giaturvallisuutta. Energiaturvallisuutta on parannettu maissa kokonaisvaltaisesti, eikä geopolitiikka ole ollut yliedustettuna turvallisuusratkaisuissa.

Energiaturvallisuus Baltian maissa - Energiajärjestelmien muutos uudelleenitsenäistymisestä nykypäivään

Pro gradu –tutkielma Energiaturvallisuus Baltian maissa – Energiajärjestelmien muutos uudelleenitsenäistymisestä nykypäivään käsittelee Viron, Latvian ja Liettuan energia-turvallisuutta ja maiden energiajärjestelmissä tapahtuneita muutoksia maiden uudelleenitsenäistymisestä nykypäivään. Tutkielma sisältää myös tulevaisuuskatsauksen, jossa arvioidaan maiden energiajärjestelmien muutoksia ja energiaturvallisuuden tulevaisuutta alueella. Empiirisen analyysin lisäksi tutkielma tutustuttaa lukijan energiaturvallisuustutkimuksen problematiikkaan muun muassa energiaturvallisuuden tarkan määrittelyn vaikeuden kautta. Kirjallisuuskatsaus perehdyttää lukijan energiaturvallisuustutkimuksen historiaan ja kehitykseen 1900–luvun lopulla ja 2000–luvulla. Tutkielmassa on hyödynnetty erityisesti tutkijoiden Aleh Cherpin ja Jessica Jewellin laajaa tuotantoa energiaturvallisuustutkimuksen kentällä. Kyseisten tutkijoiden vuonna 2011 julkaisema energiaturvallisuusmalli toimii tutkielman empiirisen analyysin pohjana. Tutkielman aineistossa on hyödynnetty muun muassa kansainvälisten energia-alan organisaatioiden raportteja, yritysten vuosikertomuksia, valtioiden tilastollista dataa sekä uutis- ja sanomalehtilähteitä. Työtä ohjasivat kaksi tutkimuskysymystä: Ensimmäisen tarkoituksena oli selvittää liittyivätkö Virossa, Latviassa ja Liettuassa tehdyt energiapoliittiset muutokset energiaturvallisuuden parantamiseen Cherpin ja Jewellin energiaturvallisuusmalliin verrattaessa. Toiseen tutkimuskysymykseen ansiokas vastaus analysoi pyrittiinkö energiaturvallisuutta parantamaan maissa ensisijaisesti geopoliittisista syistä, vai ottivatko Baltian maat energiapoliittisissa päätöksissään myös tekniset ja taloudelliset energiaturvallisuusky-symykset huomioon. Analyysista voitiin johtaa seuraavanlaiset päätelmät: Kunkin Baltian maan energiapoliittiset päätökset toimivat pitkälti myös energiaturvallisuuden parantamisen kannalta siinä määrin, miten energiaturvallisuuden parantaminen voidaan Cherpin ja Jewellin mallin mukaan määritellä. Etenkin liittyminen Euroopan unioniin näytti lisäävän maiden energiaturvallisuutta. Energiaturvallisuutta on parannettu maissa kokonaisvaltaisesti, eikä geopolitiikka ole ollut yliedustettuna turvallisuusratkaisuissa.

Resolución N° 133 ¿Cuál es el criterio que tiene la cámara de comercio para evaluar el negocio jurídico de cesión de cuotas sociales? ¿ Cómo entiende la Cámara de comercio la adjudicación de cuotas sociales en virtud de una sucesión por causa de muerte? ¿Cuál es el efecto que tiene el embargo de las cuotas sociales sobre la adjudicación de las mismas por vía de la sucesión?

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The effectiveness of a multisensory writing program in improving cursive writing ability in children with sensorimotor difficulties

It is estimated that five to ten percent of children experience sensory motor difficulties that result in various learnlng disabilitiies , among them. inabllity to output Information on paper in the appropriate manner (Ayres ,1985). The relationship between sensorimotorabillty and handwriting is well documented in the literature (Freeman,1917; Townsend , 1951; Nlkola-Ll sa, 1987). While much of the literature is inconclusive, there are findings to suggest that muitisensory handwriting programmes are an effective approach to improvlng writing abIlity in these chlldren. For a number of years, Occupational Therapists have been involved in the remediation of handwriting utllizing , amongst other approaches . multisensory programmes. While subjective assessments of effectiveness have been extremerly positive. scientIfic evaluation has been minimal . If further intervention in this area is to occur, it Is essential that the profession be able to justify the existence of such programmes . The purpose of this study was to examine what effects a multlsensory writing prog~am would have on the curslve writing ability of chlldren with sensorimotor dlfficulties. A single case with multiple baselines across be havlours design was used , with the behavlours being cursive writing abilIty of fIve distInct letter groups. The fIve groups were taught in random order, one group every two weeks , In a one-hour session. Repeated measurements of writing speed and qualIty for each letter group were made. This design was repeated over three other cases . Results of the study yielded statistical signifi cance in trend changes In specIfic letter groups for all of the chlldren following interventlon. One child achieved statistical significance In the overall change In quality , while none of the children achieved overall statistical significance In speed score changes . Teacher reports and an assessment of written language prior to and following the program suggest that Intervention may have had a positive effect on self-confidence in written output, and on the maturlty of written expression in some of the cases . Further research in this field is needed to validate the continual use of multisensory writing programmes by Occupational Theraplsts worklng with this specific population and to provide some directlon with regards to the Integration of multlsensory writing programmes within the regular academic remedial programme .

Anne McPherson family fonds, 1852-2011 [non-inclusive]

Frank C. (Case) McCordick (1873-1946) was the son of William Henry (1849-1930) and Emily D. Howell (1851-1927) McCordick. William H. McCordick was in the coal business. The McCordick family included Frank Case, Mabel Gertrude, Ethel Howell and Arthur Stanley. Frank C. McCordick was educated in St. Catharines, and worked with his father in the coal business and eventually opened up a leather tanning operation. McCordick was active in the Lincoln Regiment and in 1906 was promoted to captain and in command of Company A, 19th Regiment. He was promoted to major and at the outbreak of war he was sent overseas as a commander of the 35th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Forces (CEF). Upon arrival in France he was made officer commanding the 15th Battalion, King’s Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI). After the war and his return to Canada he continued to play an active role in the local military units in the area as well as in Hamilton. After his retirement from the military in 1927 McCordick served as alderman and then mayor of St. Catharines from 1930 to 1931. He was a member of a large number of civic clubs, including St. Catharines Chamber of Commerce, Y.M.C.A., Lion’s Club, St. Catharines Golf Club, Detroit Boat Club, the St Catharines Club, as well as a member of several Masonic lodges. He continued to operate McCordick Tannery and other local investments. In 1903 Frank C. McCordick married May Beatrice Simson, daughter of Thomas E. Simson of Thorold. They had three children, E. (Edward) Frank McCordick, Bruce McCordick and (Margaret) Doris McCordick (m. Hubert Grigaut, d. 1977). The McCordick family resided at 82 Yates Street, near Adams Street. May Simson McCordick (b. 1873) was the daughter of Thomas Edward (1836-1908) and Julia Headlam (1844-1887) Simson of Thorold. Her siblings included: Edward, Frances, John, Augusta, Georgia and Gertrude. E. (Edward) Frank McCordick (1904-1980) was born in St. Catharines, Ont., attended Lake Lodge School in Grimsby, Ridley College in St. Catharines, Beechmont Preparatory School in England, Upper Canada College in Toronto and graduated from Royal Military College in Kingston, Ont. in 1925. Upon graduation he was made a lieutenant in the 10th (St. Catharines) Field Battery. In 1929 he married Helen Stanley Smith, daughter of Stanley George and Mary Walker Smith of St. Catharines. Col. McCordick, now promoted to Major, played an active role in the 10th (St. Catharines) Field Battery, being officer commanding the battery. In late 1939 McCordick headed to England for artillery tactical training and on December 6, 1939 the battery began the long trek overseas. McCordick saw action in Italy and in Holland. Upon his return to Canada at the end of the war he was the Liberal candidate in the federal election for Lincoln County. He remained active in the local military serving as honorary lieutenant-colonel of the 56th Field Regiment (ARCA) and in 1976 as the honorary colonel of the regiment. Col. McCordick held the Efficiency Decoration, the Order of the British Empire, granted in 1945 and was made an officer in the Order of St. John in 1978. He continued to serve his community in various capacities, including the Unemployment Insurance Canada Board, Royal Trust Company and the St. John Ambulance Society. He remained an active member of the alumni of Royal Military College, editing and compiling a newsletter and organizing reunion weekends. He kept in close contact with many of his classmates. Helen Stanley Smith McCordick lived in St. Catharines, Ont., attended Robertson School, and graduated from the University of Toronto in 1926 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Modern Languages. During the war years (1939-1945) Helen was active in the Transport division of the local branch of the Canadian Red Cross and the Women’s Auxiliary of the 10th Field Battery. In 1932 E. Frank and Helen McCordick welcomed their only child, (Catharine) Anne McCordick. Helen continued to play an active role in her community until her passing in 1997. Stanley George Smith (1865-1960) was born in St. Catharines, Ont., the only child of William Smith (d. June 16, 1876) a native of Edinburgh, Scotland and his wife Hannah Louisa Maria Bulkeley a native of Fairfield, Connecticut. Stanley George Smith married Mary Walker of Guelph, Ont.(d. 1956) Mary was the daughter of Hugh and Elizabeth (d. 1924) Walker. Her siblings included Margaret, Agnes, Jessie, Isabella, Lorne, Ada, Alice, Eva, Alexander and George. Hugh Walker was a prominent fruit and vegetable merchant in Guelph. On 1904 their only child, Helen Stanley Smith was born. He was a post office clerk, and the treasurer for the James D. Tait Co. Ltd., a clothing and dry goods retailer in St. Catharines. The family lived at 39 Church Street in St. Catharines, Ont.