Calcareous dinoflagellates in Maastrichtian to early Miocene sediments of DSDP Hole 39-357

The evolution of calcareous dinoflagellate communities has been investigated for the latest Cretaceous to earliest Neogene interval of the mid-latitude South Atlantic. In doing so, the response of calcareous dinoflagellates to Cenozoic climatic change has been addressed for the first time. Trends in species composition and distribution patterns of wall types indicate significant changes which correlate with major palaeoenvironmental modifications. A first major shift concerning the relative abundance of species and wall types occurred across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. The associations remained stable during the entire Paleocene and Eocene. Only in the late Eocene did a dramatic decrease in temperature cause a slight diversification. A second major shift in the abundance patterns occurred across the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. The early Miocene warming is possibly reflected in the distinct increase in relative abundance of one species. The assemblages of calcareous dinoflagellates evidently react to major climatic changes during the Cenozoic. These poorly investigated organisms may thus provide an important contribution to the understanding of earth's palaeoclimatic evolution.

Direct radiocarbon dates for Vindija G1 and Velika Pećina Late Pleistocene hominid remains

New accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dates taken directly on human remains from the Late Pleistocene sites of Vindija and Velika Pećina in the Hrvatsko Zagorje of Croatia are presented. Hominid specimens from both sites have played critical roles in the development of current perspectives on modern human evolutionary emergence in Europe. Dates of ≈28 thousand years (ka) before the present (B.P.) and ≈29 ka B.P. for two specimens from Vindija G1 establish them as the most recent dated Neandertals in the Eurasian range of these archaic humans. The human frontal bone from Velika Pećina, generally considered one of the earliest representatives of modern humans in Europe, dated to ≈5 ka B.P., rendering it no longer pertinent to discussions of modern human origins. Apart from invalidating the only radiometrically based example of temporal overlap between late Neandertal and early modern human fossil remains from within any region of Europe, these dates raise the question of when early modern humans first dispersed into Europe and have implications for the nature and geographic patterning of biological and cultural interactions between these populations and the Neandertals.

Assessing Activity and Location of Individual Laying Hens in Large Groups Using Modern Technology

Tracking individual animals within large groups is increasingly possible, offering an exciting opportunity to researchers. Whereas previously only relatively indistinguishable groups of individual animals could be observed and combined into pen level data, we can now focus on individual actors within these large groups and track their activities across time and space with minimal intervention and disturbance. The development is particularly relevant to the poultry industry as, due to a shift away from battery cages, flock sizes are increasingly becoming larger and environments more complex. Many efforts have been made to track individual bird behavior and activity in large groups using a variety of methodologies with variable success. Of the technologies in use, each has associated benefits and detriments, which can make the approach more or less suitable for certain environments and experiments. Within this article, we have divided several tracking systems that are currently available into two major categories (radio frequency identification and radio signal strength) and review the strengths and weaknesses of each, as well as environments or conditions for which they may be most suitable. We also describe related topics including types of analysis for the data and concerns with selecting focal birds.

Principles of Muhammadan law : an essay at a complete statement of the personal law applicable to Muslims in British India /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

A history of taxation and taxes in England from the earliest times to the present day,

Includes bibliographical references.

A history of Bristol borough in the county of Bucks, state of Pennsylvania, anciently known as "Buckingham"; being the third oldest town and second chartered borough in Pennsylvania, from its earliest times to the present year 1911.

Mode of access: Internet.

The pedigree of the English people: an argument, historical and scientific, on English ethnology, showing the progress of race-amalgamation in Britain from the earliest times, with especial reference to the incorporation of the Celtic aborigines.

"Original authorities and other works consulted": p. [9]-15.

A guide to sources in early modern European military history in Midwestern research libraries /

Published for the Midwest Consortium on Military History: John Crerar Library, Chicago, Illinois; Newberry Library, Chicago, Illinois; University of Chicago; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Indiana University, Bloomington; University of Iowa, Iowa City; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; University of Cincinnati; Ohio State University, Columbus.

Bible and the monuments; the primitive Hebrew records in the light of modern research,

Mode of access: Internet.

A bibliography of methods and materials of teaching Hebrew in the light of modern language methodology.

Mode of access: Internet.

Diagrams and plans illustrative of the principal battles and military affairs treated of in Memoirs of my own times /

Shaw and Shoemaker