775 resultados para Indústria de construção civil - Custos


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Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB

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CCurrently there are various systems for the evaluation of environmental impacts of buildings, known as tools of environmental certification. Among these, the tool LEED for New Construction and Major Renovations has been the most widely used and accepted worldwide, in assessing the sustainability of buildings. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the tool for LEED certification for construction work in Brazil, which ranks fourth in the world ranking records certification of sustainable buildings. It was found in this analysis that the assumptions of this tool are encouraging the use of more sustainable and less impactful on the environment as it promotes the deployment of innovative projects from a technological standpoint, , as well as the valuation of enterprises certified. Also, very significant results obtained in terms of energy efficiency and environmental quality in occupied buildings

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Nos últimos oito anos, o Brasil apresenta elevada atividade econômica e, destacadamente, os setores da construção civil e do crédito imobiliário demonstram elevado crescimento. Entretanto, diferentemente da recente dinâmica do setor e da economia brasileira, a história do setor da habitação no país é marcada por dificuldades de acesso ao crédito imobiliário para a aquisição e construção de moradias, situação a qual resultou no elevado déficit habitacional existente, nas desigualdades e outros fatores excludentes que a própria situação impõe, principalmente, pelo desenvolvimento do mercado de crédito imobiliário não ter sido capaz de acompanhar o crescimento da população e a urbanização brasileira nas últimas décadas. Este trabalho procura detalhar os diferentes momentos do crédito imobiliário no país o qual, por sua vez, teve inicio em meados dos anos 60 através de iniciativas públicas na estruturação do Sistema Financeiro de Habitação. Posteriormente, durante a década de 70, houve elevada expansão do financiamento de aquisição e construção de moradias no país, contudo, em decorrência dos desequilíbrios macroeconômicos e do próprio sistema que se acentuaram final dos anos 70 e início dos 80, a atividade de crédito imobiliário apresentou retração nas décadas posteriores, ou seja, durante a década de 80 e 90. Paralelamente ao financiamento habitacional, a década de 90 foi marcada pela execução de reformas macroeconômicas que, posteriormente, possibilitaram o controle inflacionário e a maior previsibilidade econômica no país. Adicionalmente, no final da década, estruturou-se um novo sistema denominado Sistema de Financiamento juntamente com a adoção do Regime de Metas de Inflação e a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal. As reformas recentes e a estabilidade econômica proporcionaram o favorável e recente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

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The civil construction in Brazil has grown a lotover the last years. This has caused a greater competition between companies of the sector. A little difference in quality in service or product a company offers can determine their success in the market. There is a growing demand for tools that optimize processes and bring greater quality to each activity in these companies. Performance measurement systems make it possible to control process efficiency and effectiveness using performance indicators. Considering this need, the paper before you has the objective of creating basic guidelines to introduce performance measurement systems inbuilding installations project companies. A theoretical reference is presented to describe organizational aspects of project companies along with performance measurement systems characteristics. Using a qualitative research methodology, a study case was executed with interviews, observation and document analysis as evidence sources. In the study case, limitations where identified, such as, high degree of product and process flexibility, dependence on subjective analysis for decision making and lack of specialized information systems. Considering the theoretical reference and the study case,the proposed guidelines intend to ease and guarantee greater chances of success when implanting one of these systems

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Energy efficiency has gained significant importance in recent years, mainly due to cyclical climatic conditions and current supply of natural resources. The present work deals with the procedures and requirements necessary to evaluate a building to a level of efficiency corresponding to your project and the actual implemented. To perform this analysis, we adopted the technical regulation efficiency prepared by Procel along with other agencies of the sector. The Regulation aims to create a model for the technical evaluation of the efficiency of buildings, popularize and expand the theme specification of conditions drawn up today. The building analyzed in this study was the library of UNESP, Guaratinguetá. Still, after the completion of the final efficiency analysis, are presented proposals for intervention that can improve and enhance the present situation of the building. The interventions are based on many technical factors and local conditions of climate and supply of resource. The issue of sustainability was explained in order to serve as a tool to expand the options available to upgrade a building in front of their impact on the environment

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The need for housing in Brazil is very large, and despite government efforts to address this issue, the housing deficit is too large. When analyzing markets without this problem, it is concluded that one of the factors that influence this model is the construction adopted by Brazilian society that is in masonry. Alternatively, the system can be used in constructive Wood-frame. To apply this system in Brazil, one can say that the workmanship and the materials available to meet the demand would be created in a short period of adjustments and capabilities, but identifies himself as one of the biggest problems the planning and management of works. And one of the tools for solving this problem is to use a checklist of the activities of constructive process, avoiding forgetting or not aware of the activities necessary to complete the project

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o sonho da maioria das pessoas é ter um lugar para morar. Outras, além isso, desejam acompanhar esse sonho sendo concretizado passo a passo, ou seja, desejam ver seu lar sendo construido de acordo com seus gostos e escolhas ao longo do tempo. Este trabalho é dedicado para esse grupo de pessoas, que podem ser chamados de autoconstrutores

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Since the early twenty-first century, the construction sector has been the second largest on the rise in the Brazilian industrial sector, with a growth of 1.4% in 2012, and is likely to remain at this level for a long time. However, unlike decades ago, the industry has been seeking in its manufacturing process, sustainable materials, encompassing in their works the concept of sustainability. Thus, the timber sector seeks to satisfy a market increasingly demanding, innovating techniques and utilization being less aggressive to the environment. The purpose of this study was to produce and evaluate the mechanical strength of the composite cement with the addition of wood residues and slag low oven. Therefore, it was made 42 specimen cement-slag-wood, carried out in two steps. Since at the first, it was varied only the slag particle size, and at the second, through the best result of the previous step, it was varied the wood particles granulometry. The mechanical performance of the composite was evaluated by the results obtained in the compression test and the physical test for determining the density of the material. In the first step of the process can be concluded that the best result was achieved with the use of slag particles retained on the 60 mesh sieve. In the second phase of the study concluded that the best results were achieved with wood particles with the large particles, i.e. particles retained on the 10 mesh sieve. Both in the first and in the second step it can be seen that there has been the influence of the particle size of the waste materials. With the obtained results, could be evaluated that the use of waste for the production of cement-slag-wood composite showed lower performance when compared to the results obtained in studies without the use of waste. However, some applications are feasible to be performed with the use of composite wood-cement-slag

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Diante dos preocupantes problemas ambientais causados ao nosso planeta, sabe-se que a sua maioria está relacionada ao uso abundante e inconsequente dos recursos naturais, e que estes problemas são consequência direta da intervenção humana nos diferentes ecossistemas da Terra, causando desequilíbrios no meio ambiente e comprometendo a qualidade de vida. No Brasil, aproximadamente 40% da extração de recursos naturais têm como objetivo a indústria da construção. Sabe-se que 50% da energia gerada é para abastecer somente o funcionamento das edificações e 50% dos resíduos sólidos urbanos vêm das construções e demolições, os chamados “entulhos”. Frente a isso, profissionais começaram a pensar em alternativas para utilizar cada vez menos energia proveniente de combustíveis fósseis não renováveis, como os arquitetos que passaram a estudar os princípios bioclimáticos para reduzir as necessidades energéticas das edificações e assegurar o conforto com métodos construtivos ecológicos. Tendo em vista a importância da Sustentabilidade para o mundo em que vivemos, este trabalho consiste no projeto de uma edificação independente do uso de combustíveis fósseis e de energias geradas por fontes que agridem o meio ambiente. A proposta se baseia no projeto sustentável de um Centro Comunitário para os bairros Morada do Sol e Belo Galindo, em Presidente Prudente, SP

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Propomos nesta monografia o projeto de um escritório de arquitetura anexo a um canteiro escola, tendo como objetivo capacitar pessoas das comunidades periféricas em Presidente Prudente. Ao levar o arquiteto para dentro desta problemática das cidades, ajudaremos a sanar os problemas arquitetônicos de moradias sem qualidade nas comunidades carentes. O canteiro escola é um local onde a população irá aprender a teoria e prática da construção civil e, a partir deste momento, efetuar a autoconstrução de maneira correta eatingir a profissionalização. O Canteiro Escola acontecerá em contêineres de carga modificados, esta estrutura já possui adequação para transporte e, se necessário, poderá haver movimentação entre os bairros da cidade

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The environmental problems generated by construction activity have been widely discussed in Brazil, which has begun to incorporate sustainable building techniques in your ventures. Based on these facts, this work focused on addressing the main characteristics of a sustainable building project. Among them are water conservation, energy efficiency in buildings, managing a construction site with little environmental impact and reuse of materials and construction elements. This work, after the presentation of the main characteristics of a sustainable building project, shows a case study about the implementation of environmental certification LEED Gold level in a large building, located in São Paulo - SP, Brazil. With that, we want to produce a research document about the topic of sustainable buildings

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Customer focus , high competitiveness and striving for excellence in quality of service are some of the main features of the current market . Planned and make decisions with greater certainty is no longer an option a few years . The current managers are seeking ways to eliminate waste and increase financial and productive profitability of your company in order to achieve higher performance at a lower cost . The AHP is one of the main concepts of this goal by providing an analysis on multiple criteria , enhancing decision-making and enhancing the gains , with a technique that is designed to take into account all the key criteria for choosing an alternative , according to the perspective of the designer as both suppliers and customers . Emerging as a new way to minimize errors , and make an informed and consistent decision. The use of this method in construction projects is a recent phenomenon , which has much to be explored , an intense analysis of the processes is required to enable it to consider the concepts and present a consistent and grounded proposal