Optimizing xanthophyll concentrations in diets to obtain well-pigmented yolks

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modelling energy utilization in poultry

Models of daily energy requirement can help to establish better and more profitable feeding programs for poultry. Studies have been conducted at UNESP-Jaboticabal-Brazil with the aim of studying energy utilization in broiler breeders, laying hens, and broilers, and to establish metabolisable energy requirement models. The factorial approach was used to partition the energy requirements into maintenance, growth, and production components. The resulting models consider body weight, weight gain, egg production, and environmental temperature for the determination of the energy requirements of poultry. These models were evaluated in performance trials and provided good estimates. Therefore, they can be used to establish nutritional programs. The aim of this chapter is to describe the development of these models and to outline the results of our studies at UNESP.

Alterações metabólicas e morfométricas induzidas por hipóxia em Gallus gallus

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Parâmetros genéticos para características de desempenho e reprodutivas de aves poedeiras por inferência bayesiana

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Manipulação de eletrólitos na dieta de poedeiras em fase de declínio de postura em condições de altas temperaturas

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Avaliação de sistema de climatização em Poedeiras comerciais

Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Animal - FEIS

Reading model to estimate optimum economic intakes of amino acids for poultry

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Associação de carboidrases e fitase em dietas valorizadas e seus efeitos sobre desempenho e qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras leves

A total of 350 commercial Bovans White laying hens were used to evaluate the association of carbohydrases and phytase in enriched diets and its effects on performance and egg quality of laying hens. The experiment used a randomized design with five treatments and seven replicates. The treatments were: 1. Positive control without added enzymes and without nutrient enrichment, 2. Negative control (NC) 1 with 1.5% and 6% AME (kcal/kg) enrichment for corn and soybean meal respectively, 2% crude protein (CP) enrichment, and digestible limiting digestible amino acids plus the full matrix for the phytase enzyme; 3. NC 2 with 1.5% and 6% AME (kcal/kg) enrichment, respectively, for corn and soybean meal and 2% crude protein (CP) enrichment, and digestible limiting amino acids plus the sparse matrix for the phytase enzyme, 4. NC 1 supplemented with 100 g ton(-1) carbohydrase and 30g ton(-1) phytase, 5. NC 2 supplemented with 100 g ton(-1) carbohydrase and 30g ton(-1) phytase. According to the results, the positive control treatments, NC1 and NC2, with or without enzyme supplementation, showed guaranteed performance for feed intake, egg yield, weight, egg loss and shell quality.

Efficacy of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics on laying hens and broilers challenged with salmonella enteritidis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Quality assessment of eggs packed under modified atmosphere

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comparison of growth curve parameters of organs and body components in meat- (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) and laying-type (Coturnix coturnix japonica) quail show interactions between gender and genotype

The objective of this study was to estimate growth parameters of carcass components (wing, thighs and drumsticks, back and breast) and organs (heart, liver, gizzard and gut) in males and females of one meat-type quail strain (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) and two laying strains (Coturnix coturnix japonica) designated either yellow or red.A total of 1350 quail from 1 to 42d old were distributed in a completely randomised design, with 5 replicates of each strain. The carcass component weights and body organs were analysed weekly and evaluated using the Gompertz function; growth rates were evaluated through derivative equations.The meat-type strain presented the highest growth rates in carcass components and organs. Across strains, females showed the highest weight of internal organs at maturity compared to males.Females had greater growth potential in breast, wings and back than males for both yellow and red laying quail.

The response to dietary threonine in laying-type pullets during growth

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Modeling amino acid requirements of poultry

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Energy values of traditional ingredients and sugarcane yeast for laying hens

An experiment was conducted to determine the chemical composition and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn) values of corn, soybean meal (SBM), soybean oil (SO) and sugarcane yeast (SY) (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). A metabolism trial was performed with 120 Dekalb White laying hens at 65 weeks of age, using the method of total excreta collection. Birds were housed in metabolism cages and distributed according to a completely randomized design into five treatments with, six replicates of four birds each. The experimental period consisted of four days of adaptation and four days of excreta collection. The experimental diets included: a reference diet based on corn and SBM and four test diets containing 40% corn, 30% SBM, 10% SO or 30 % SY. The chemical compositions of the tested ingredients, expressed on "as-is" basis were: 86.9, 87.29, 87.32 and 99.5% dry matter; and 3.51, 2.08, 99.31 and 0.03 ether extract for corn, SBM, SO and SY, respectively. Corn, SBM, and SO presented 7.33, 43.61 and 24.64% crude protein, and 0.58, 5.07 and 6.77% ash, respectively; and crude fiber contents of corn and SBM were, respectively, 2.24% and 3.56%. The following AME and AMEn (kcal/kg dry matter) values were obtained: 3,801 and 3,760 kcal/kg for corn, 2,640 and 2,557 kcal/kg for SBM, 8,952 and 8,866 kcal/kg for SO, and 1,023 and 925 kcal/kg for sugarcane yeast, respectively.

Raising of horn fly haematobia irritans (L.) (diptera: muscidae) in laboratory by means of egg and larva inoculation

Several studies have required Haematobia irritans (L.) raising in laboratory. The present study assessed two methods of inoculating immature forms of H. irritans to obtain adults. In 2007, 15 Nellore steers (Bos indicus) (L.) were used for the collection of feces free of anthelmintic treatment and flies to produce for eggs and larva. For method I, 30 eggs were incubated in square filter paper (5 × 5 cm) and deposited on bovine feces (500 g) where they were kept until hatching and spontaneous penetration of larvae (L1) into the fecal mass. After 24 h, eggs were analyzed under a stereoscope microscope (40×) for the number of larvae that instinctively penetrated the feces. In method II, larvae were obtained only by natural egg hatching. At birth, 30 larvae were collected and individually inoculated, directly onto the fecal plate by employing a moistened brush. The tests were carried out at controlled temperature (28˚C ± 2˚C) and saturated humidity (80%) until the emergence of flies with both methods. The number of emerged flies was considered in the result. Using method I, 276 (76.7%) flies emerged from 360 inoculated eggs, while using method II, 283 (78.6%) flies emerged from 360 inoculated larvae. There was no significant difference (P = 0.7821) between methods for the number of flies; however, the proportion between males and females by means of larva inoculation was different from 1:1 (P = 0.0146). Results indicated that both methods led to a satisfactory production of flies and egg inoculation provided an easier establishment.