Constituciones synodales del Arzobispado de Caller /

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Constituciones [e] actos de la sancta synodo del obispado de Coria /

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Canones Concilii Proiuincialis Coloniensis anno celebrati MDXXXVI : quibus nuperrime haec addita sunt : Reformatio Cleri ad correctionem vitae & morum, ac ad remouendos abusus ...

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Officia propria sanctorum Hispalensis Ecclesiae in Sacra Congregatione ... pro sacris ritbus, & ceremonijs à ... D.N. Sixto V Pontifice Maximo deputatorum ... /

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Officia sanctorum qui in ecclesiae et dioecesi Conchensi specialiter celebrantur : iuxta priuilegia Summorum Pontif. Gregorij XIII. Sixti V. Clementis VIII. F.R. & S.D.N. Pauli papae ac rubricus Breuiarij romani nuper recogniti /

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Al rey nuestro señor Satisfacion al memorial de los religiosos de la Compañia de Jesus de Nueva España por la Dignidad Episcopal de la Puebla de los Angeles sobre la execucion, y obediencia del Breve Apostolico de Inocencio X expedido en su favor a XIIII de Mayo de MDCXLVIII y passado repetidamente, y mandado executar por el Supremo Consejo de Indias, en el qual determino Su Santidad veinte y seis decretos sacramentales, y jurisdiccionales, importantes al bien de las almas.

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Razones que justifican el procedimiento del Vicario General de Toledo, contra el Corregidor de la misma ciudad y superintendente de rentas reales de su provincia, por el embargo que de su orden hizo el Regidor de Burguillos de un par de mulas ...

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Accepto supplici libello adiuncto, statim super Decreto assignationis Officii, & Missae Sancti Gregorii Cardinalis ... anni 1755 expeditam ...

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Multispectral retinal image analysis:a novel non-invasive tool for retinal imaging

Purpose-To develop a non-invasive method for quantification of blood and pigment distributions across the posterior pole of the fundus from multispectral images using a computer-generated reflectance model of the fundus. Methods - A computer model was developed to simulate light interaction with the fundus at different wavelengths. The distribution of macular pigment (MP) and retinal haemoglobins in the fundus was obtained by comparing the model predictions with multispectral image data at each pixel. Fundus images were acquired from 16 healthy subjects from various ethnic backgrounds and parametric maps showing the distribution of MP and of retinal haemoglobins throughout the posterior pole were computed. Results - The relative distributions of MP and retinal haemoglobins in the subjects were successfully derived from multispectral images acquired at wavelengths 507, 525, 552, 585, 596, and 611?nm, providing certain conditions were met and eye movement between exposures was minimal. Recovery of other fundus pigments was not feasible and further development of the imaging technique and refinement of the software are necessary to understand the full potential of multispectral retinal image analysis. Conclusion - The distributions of MP and retinal haemoglobins obtained in this preliminary investigation are in good agreement with published data on normal subjects. The ongoing development of the imaging system should allow for absolute parameter values to be computed. A further study will investigate subjects with known pathologies to determine the effectiveness of the method as a screening and diagnostic tool.

Quantitative analysis of multi-spectral fundus images

We have developed a new technique for extracting histological parameters from multi-spectral images of the ocular fundus. The new method uses a Monte Carlo simulation of the reflectance of the fundus to model how the spectral reflectance of the tissue varies with differing tissue histology. The model is parameterised by the concentrations of the five main absorbers found in the fundus: retinal haemoglobins, choroidal haemoglobins, choroidal melanin, RPE melanin and macular pigment. These parameters are shown to give rise to distinct variations in the tissue colouration. We use the results of the Monte Carlo simulations to construct an inverse model which maps tissue colouration onto the model parameters. This allows the concentration and distribution of the five main absorbers to be determined from suitable multi-spectral images. We propose the use of "image quotients" to allow this information to be extracted from uncalibrated image data. The filters used to acquire the images are selected to ensure a one-to-one mapping between model parameters and image quotients. To recover five model parameters uniquely, images must be acquired in six distinct spectral bands. Theoretical investigations suggest that retinal haemoglobins and macular pigment can be recovered with RMS errors of less than 10%. We present parametric maps showing the variation of these parameters across the posterior pole of the fundus. The results are in agreement with known tissue histology for normal healthy subjects. We also present an early result which suggests that, with further development, the technique could be used to successfully detect retinal haemorrhages.

Multispectral fundus analysis

Purpose - To generate a reflectance model of the fundus that allows an accurate non-invasive quantification of blood and pigments. Methods - A Monte Carlo simulation was used to produce a mathematical model of light interaction with the fundus at different wavelengths. The model predictions were compared with fundus images from normal volunteers in several spectral bands (peaks at 507, 525, 552, 585, 596 and 611nm). Th e model was then used to calculate the concentration and distribution of the known absorbing components of the fundus. Results - The shape of the statistical distribution of the image data generally corresponded to that of the model data; the model however appears to overestimate the reflectance of the fundus in the longer wavelength region.As the absorption by xanthophyll has no significant eff ect on light transport above 534nm, its distribution in the fundus was quantified: the wavelengths where both shape and distribution of image and model data matched (<553nm) were used to train a neural network which was then applied to every point in the image data. The xanthophyll distribution thus found was in agreement with published literature data in normal subjects. Conclusion - We have developed a method for optimising multi-spectral imaging of the fundus and a computer image analysis capable of estimating information about the structure and properties of the fundus. Th e technique successfully calculates the distribution of xanthophyll in the fundus of healthy volunteers. Further improvement of the model is required to allow the deduction of other parameters from images; investigations in known pathology models are also necessary to establish if this method is of clinical use in detecting early chroido-retinopathies, hence providing a useful screening and diagnostic tool.

Algebra I and other predictors of high school dropout

This study investigated the relation of several predictors to high school dropout. The data, composed of records from a cohort of students ( N = 10,100) who entered ninth grade in 2001, were analyzed via logistic regression. The predictor variables were: (a) Algebra I grade, (b) Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) level, (c) language proficiency, (d) gender, (e) race/ethnicity, (f) Exceptional Student Education program membership, and (g) socio-economic status. The criterion was graduation status: graduated or dropped out. Algebra I grades were an important predictor of whether students drop out or graduate; students who failed this course were 4.1 times more likely to drop out than those who passed the course. Other significant predictors of high school dropout were language proficiency, Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) level, gender, and socio-economic status. The main focus of the study was on Algebra I as a predictor, but the study was not designed to discover the specific factors related to or underlying success in this course. Nevertheless, because Algebra I may be considered an important prerequisite for other major facets of the curriculum and because of its high relationship to high school dropout, a recommendation emerging from these findings is that districts address the issue of preventing failure in this course. Adequate support mechanisms for improving retention include addressing the students' readiness for enrolling in mathematics courses as well as curriculum improvements that enhance student readiness through such processes as remediation. Assuring that mathematics instruction is monitored and improved and that remedial programs are in place to facilitate content learning in all subjects for all students, but especially for those having limited English proficiency, are critical educational responsibilities.

The effects of a General Instructional Strategies course on the utilization of effective instructional strategies by teachers

The focus of this study was to explain the extent to which theoretically effective teaching strategies taught in a course on generic instructional strategies are being implemented by teachers in their actual teaching practice. ^ A multivariate causal-comparative (ex-post-facto) design was used to answer the research question. A teacher observation protocol, the General Instructional Strategies Analysis (GISA) was constructed and used to assess the utilization of instructional strategies in the classroom. The data of this study also included open-ended field notes taken during observations. ^ Multivariate Analyses of Variance (MANOVA) was used to compare the teaching strategies (set, effective explanation, hands-on activity, cooperative learning activity, higher order questioning, closure) of the group who had taken a general instructional strategies course (N=36) and the group who had not (N=36). Results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The group who had taken the course implemented these strategies more effectively in almost all categories of effective teaching. Follow-up univariate tests of the dependent variables showed significant differences between the two groups in five of the six areas (hands-on activity being an exception). A second MANOVA compared the two groups on the effective use of attending behaviors (teacher movement/eye contact/body language/physical space, brief verbal acknowledgements/voice inflection/modulation/pitch, use of visuals, prompting/probing, praise/feedback/rewards, wait-time I and II). Results also showed a multivariate difference between the two groups. Follow-up univariate tests on the related dependent variables showed that five of the six were significantly different between the two groups. The group who had taken the course implemented the strategies more effectively. An analysis of the field notes provided further evidence regarding the pervasiveness of these differences between the teaching practices of the two groups. ^ It was concluded that taking a course in general instructional strategies increases the utilization of effective strategies in the classroom by teachers. ^

Reflections on the Writing Process: Guiding the Work of Writing

A heuristic process was used to examine the experience of teaching writing for publication. Faculty and student reflections are presented.

Modalidades de intervención de la iglesia católica en conflictos sociales territoriales en torno al trabajo y la tierra

La ponencia que presentamos se enmarca en nuestro trabajo de investigación acerca de las modalidades de clientelismo político estatal en tanto mecanismo de intervención social territorializada del estado, que cobra importancia en el contexto de los cambios en la orientación de las políticas sociales y en el tratamiento de las demandas sociales emergentes en las últimas dos décadas en nuestro país. La investigación se desarrolla en el municipio de Quilmes, indagando las condiciones y limitaciones presentes en la constitución de relaciones que atraviesan o debilitan las formaciones clientelares por parte de un conjunto de organizaciones comunitarias de base ligadas a las demandas por tierra y vivienda y articuladas en mayor o menor medida en torno al espacio de la Vicaría de Pastoral Social del Obispado de Quilmes. El objetivo específico de este trabajo es analizar las formas de relación de la Iglesia Católica (diócesis de Quilmes) con las organizaciones populares territoriales, y de intervención/mediación en los conflictos sociales entre estas organizaciones y el estado local. Examinaremos en función de ello y desde una aproximación etnográfica dos modalidades contrastantes de estructurar relaciones con referentes de organizaciones populares locales por parte de agentes de la Iglesia, de apoyo en un caso y conflictiva en el otro. Pretendemos así contribuir a visibilizar aspectos críticos de la intervención de la Iglesia en la disputa territorial y en la formación de espacios organizativos de recomposición del sujeto popular