As organizações e a ISO 26000: revisão dos conceitos, dos motivadores e das barreiras de implementação

ISO 26000, published in 2010, focuses on corporate social responsibility. This study presents a systematic review conducted in ISI Web of Knowledge (Web of Science) and Elsevier's Scopus databases to answer the following question: What are the barriers and motivators affecting the adoption of ISO 26000 by organizations? The articles were selected using filters that applied two inclusion criteria. The data were summarized in a table covering the concepts of ISO 26000, the motivators, and the barriers. The motivators were globalization or competition in international markets, congruence with management systems, reputation or image, relationship with employees and improvement of the organizational environment, improvement in the relationship with external stakeholders, competitive advantage and strategy, guide to corporate social responsibility (CSR), and reduction of business risks. The barriers were lack of alignment between CSR and organizational strategy; business (national and international); unfamiliarity with ISO 26000; lack of communication, tools and sensitivity to the subject; short-term focus; knowledge management; fear of not fulfilling the standard; and financial resources. Finally, an agenda for future studies was prepared.

Avaliação de periódicos científicos: Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial

The Brazilian Journal of Special Education was first published in 1992 and has been continuously evaluated internally by scholars of the Brazilian Association of Researchers in Special Education, and externally, by Capes and ANPEd. The last evaluation made by Capes indicated a Qualis A2 for the Brazilian Journal of Special Education. The aim of this article is to discuss these evaluations in order to improve the quality of the journal. The proposed evaluation focused on qualitative parameters presented by the Anped assessment, and statistical parameters available by SciELO. The result of this analysis is that the Brazilian Journal of Special Education has similar parameters to journals qualified as A1, and sometimes even higher than those. Discussion of quality improvement of the journal indicated: 1) the need to receive articles via internet through its peer review system; 2) assignment of coeditors to ensure the evaluation flow of submitted manuscripts; 3) investment in infrastructure, such as purchase of computers and software to improve editing and publishing.

Homo sapiens: uma revisão sobre a taxonomia

A definição do termo espécie é uma das problemáticas de maior conturbação nas ciências biológicas, em especial nos estudos de ecologia e evolução, repercutindo até mesmo nas ciências humanas. Esse problema teve seu início desde a época de Aristóteles, na era Clássica da filosofia grega, tendo seu grande auge na era da ciência moderna, resultando no que hoje se conhece por a questão das espécies. Sua grande dificuldade atual não está mais em apenas conseguir definir conceito único e universal para se delimitar uma espécie, mas na grande quantidade de conceitos de espécie que existem atualmente, cada um levando a um aumento ou diminuição de um número total de espécies, dependendo de qual foi escolhido por um dado pesquisador, levando a uma inflação taxonômica. Esse efeito ocorre também na paleoantropologia, que pelo estudo de fósseis tenta delimitar a genealogia evolutiva da espécie humana. Há uma grande discussão sobre o possível pertencimento da espécie Homo neanderthalensis como subespécie de Homo sapiens, em especial devido ao grande aparecimento de evidências científicas que surgem seguidamente ano após ano nos estudos paleoantropológicos sobre Neandertais. Devido a isso, quatro conceitos de espécie foram escolhidos através de suas relevâncias e resurgências em artigos científicos, e descritos em suas raízes conceituais: Conceito Biológico de Espécie, Conceito Evolutivo de Espécie, Conceito Ecológico de Espécie e Conceito de Espécie por Reconhecimento. Juntamente com a descrição generalizada de ambas as espécies citadas, uma análise comparativa foi então realizada, aplicando cada conceito para ambas espécies e verificando como ambas se encaixavam. Desse modo, para o Conceito Biológico de Espécie e Conceito Evolutivo de Espécie, ambas cabem como espécies aparte. Para o Conceito Ecológico de Espécie, os Neandertais podem ser considerados uma subespécie de H. sapiens...

Estudo de métodos para anotação linguística e extração de conceitos na aquisição de ontologias a partir de textos

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O ensino dos conceitos de área e perímetro através da resolução de problemas

When I set out to attend degree in mathematics was because I believed that mathematics could be taught to students in a way closer to their daily lives, thereby making it a more attractive school discipline, gradually, eliminating its reputation of a difficult school subject. Then, during my observations in supervised, I realized that one of the greatest difficulties in mathematics was related with geometry, in which the concepts of area and perimeter were often confused. Using the methodological tool of problem solving, something to bring the concept to be developed and the cultural context in which the student is in, I developed some educational activities in which, using concrete materials, students were encouraged to construct their own knowledge about the concepts of area and perimeter. Moreover, such activities were designed to place the student as the center of attention in the classroom. The main objective of this work is to encourage and observe how this methodology, based on the solving problem process, can be used within the classroom, to better understand the concepts to be taught, always looking for improvement of the student learning

Um levantamento bibliográfico no período de 2008-2013 sobre a alfabetização científica nas séries iniciais para o ensino de física

This study aimed to review the publications in the area of Education Physics that has contributed to Scientific Literacy and STS - Science , Technology and Society , with students of elementary school in Basic Education , looking for understand the importance of an education that aims the formation of critical citizens, in opposition to passive recipients of technological influences of a modern society , but which are able to understand and reflect the importance and influence of science and technology in political, social and environmental to society . In this context , the Physics, is one of the areas of natural sciences with direct implications in daily life , we believe in the importance of introducing physical concepts in science education since the early years of basic education , either as a approach playful , experiment, study of books , magazines , papers , etc. . , so that the knowledge about physics can be built through experience and the analysis of daily phenomena, instead of only being addressed in the last three years of teaching average basic education

Calor e temperatura: uma revisão dos conceitos nas diferentes abordagens físicas

This work research and analyses the formulations and concepts of heat and temperature presented in Physics textbooks. These issues are deemed important because students often have difficulties differentiating and understanding such concepts, which compromises their education. The goal is to show that well-established relationships between Physical quantities such as energy, pressure, heat and temperature, even in different theories of Classical and Quantum Physics are not enough to define either temperature or heat. It also presents simple experiments that complement the teaching and learning of these concepts

Aplicação dos conceitos de RCM e a ferramenta FMEA no aumento de confiabilidade em equipamentos de uma indústria química

The growing demand for quality at competitive prices and fast production process put to the test function in the industrial Maintenance. The need for equipment with high availability to fit this fierce competitiveness makes maintenance becomes essentially reliable. Despite this current context, many companies still have an old view of maintenance, focused only on corrective services, and proposals for change are often neglected due to the sense of urgency day to day. Thus, this study aims to demonstrate through theoretical applicability of simple tool, but of great value in increasing reliability within the maintenance sector of an industry, applying the concepts of Reliability Centered Maintenance – RCM and Analysis tool Failure Modes and Effects – FMEA in equipment of a chemical company directly involved in the manufacturing process of the brake fluid, which this product is used in vehicles around the country. That way, you can identify the types, occurrence and criticality of each failure and evaluate assertively decision making for each device, avoiding unnecessary downtime and potential failures of the same

Tecnologias, conceitos e propostas de materiais de construção sustentável do Centro de Vivências da UNESP, Rio Claro/SP

Due to the great impact caused by construction, the university has a major role in the development of alternative projects and studies aimed at sustainable development. This project presents the advantages and importance of building in a sustainable manner from the beginning to end of the Center of Experiences at UNESP, Rio Claro / SP. It will be presented alternative building materials that have high environmental performance and that bring the least negative impacts as possible. Providing a Center of Experiences through a sustainable building is in need of the university to renovate the new trends of society in which the construction is in harmony with the environment in which it is inserted. This sustainable building will serve as a model for students and residents of Rio Claro, since the building itself will serve as a way of learning to the audience goer, as well as for the other campuses of UNESP. Thus, this project will serve as a guide for decision makers facing the huge amount of building materials available in the market

Aplicação dos conceitos da ecologia de paisagem para a definição de hotspots de conservação e de conectividade entre o Complexo Cantareira e Nazaré Paulista

The Atlantic Forest biome, reduced to 12% of its original coverage, holds a significant portion of brazilian biodiversity, with high levels of endemism. Among the few remaining areas of the Atlantic, there is the region between the Complex of Cantareira and the municipality of Nazaré Paulista, which will be the object of study of this work. Using the concepts of Landscape Ecology, and analysis of thematic maps, this study aims to characterize the region in a ecologically scaled perspective, identifying two types of hotspots: i) for conservation and ii) for maintain habitat connectivity. Concepts of Landscape Ecology as landscape structure, patches, matrix, corridors (structural and functional) and connectivity, as well as their effects on local biodiversity was adopted and applied in the study region. We also analyzed the effects of roads, hydrographic system, Permanent Protection Areas (PPAs), and Conservation Units for flora and fauna maintenance at regional scale. This allowed us to define strategies and priority areas for the conservation and restoration of forest fragments of Atlantic Forest remnants within the study region. This study generated relevant knowledge for a better planning the region in order to create best conditions for the maintenance of regional biodiversity, and consequently, allowing to improve the quality of life for local population

Projeto de exploração de mercado e desenvolvimento de novos conceitos para segmento cosmético brasileiro: aplicação e avaliação de métodos de pesquisa

The current growth of the cosmetic Brazilian market and the incessant search for innovations requires the company´s Research & Development departments to be efficient and assertive. Therefore this work aimed to approach the process of development of new concepts, since the market exploration using quantitative tools, Survey, until the concept creation by qualitative tools. As results of this project an analysis of the tools and guidelines used nowadays and the creation of new exploration methods were delivered

Agressividade infantil: análises de artigos científicos

This project has its topic on child aggression. Child aggression has always been present in the school environment. Therefore, aggressive behaviors have been interpreted as violence in which the educators have come to complaining earlier now. This study has its objective to survey published articles in electronic magazines, which talk about thematic aggression, child aggression and to systemize and analyze these procedures. Therefore, there will be a survey on the articles about this set of themes based on the data from Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online). In this data base, there are indexed published articles in electronic magazines from different areas of knowledge considered relevant. The articles will be identified by the keywords of aggressiveness, children, aggression, childhood, infantile, schools and their combinations

A produção bibliográfica sobre avaliação em periódicos científicos nacionais

Essa pesquisa teve por objetivo geral mapear e analisar a temática da avaliação educacional em periódicos científicos nacionais de educação disponíveis online, avaliados pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) em 2012 como “A1”, entre os anos de 2001 a 2012. O estudo foi desenvolvido por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, de levantamento e análise bibliográfica. Foram selecionados artigos científicos de educação de acordo com os descritores: educação básica, avaliação e evaluation. A pesquisa foi restrita a avaliação da educação básica, excluindo – se o ensino superior, pois busca – se evidenciar a produção acadêmica nessa etapa da educação e tornar as análises mais específicas quanto aos temas publicados dentro da temática. Foram selecionados 94 artigos onde houve a identificação de três subtemas: Avaliação da Aprendizagem; Avaliação Institucional e Avaliação Externa. Notou – se um grande interesse da comunidade acadêmica no subtema Avaliação Externa com aproximadamente 60,63% do total de artigos

Os segredos que a natureza encerra: uso de conceitos e modelos da física para investigar questões do mundo animal

Physics governs all working patterns of the universe and could not be otherwise in a biological environment. Living things depend directly on laws and physical models to compose their body structure, allow its survival in certain environments, communication between individuals and groups and also to establish a complex sensorial system that allows interaction with the environment that surrounds them. With the advancement of science and technology, new ideas are required, and thus, many researchers began to turn their attention to those systems found in nature, as these systems often present practical solutions and with maximum efficiency. This imitation of biological systems, applied in creating innovative technological resources, is called Biomimetics. To study the biological systems based on physical concepts is essential the creation of models. These allow the distinction of the effects of the issue really essential and may be ignored side effects that do not have an effective participation in the phenomenon being analyzed. In this Work Completion of course will be studied the phenomenon of countercurrent heat exchangers, present in various situations of nature, focusing on their participation in the legs of birds, also the balance of certain birds that are supported on one leg and possible inspiration of these phenomena in the fields of engineering. Also included are videos that allow better understanding of the studied subjects

Alguns conceitos teóricos sobre o fracasso escolar e a percepção de professores de uma escola de ensino fundamental

This work aims at identifying, in literature and in the design of some elementary school teachers I, (s) concept (s) of school failure. This investigation was made from literature review, also had a period of data collection, which occurred through questionnaires sent to teachers in state schools. The first part of this work is aimed to study the literature on school failure. Looking up this part to understand the different concepts that underlie the subject. From this the questionnaires were organized by teachers of a school State elementary school in a city in the state of São Paulo, seeking to uncover the concepts they had on the subject. Subsequently the questionnaires was made comparing the data obtained from the literature. With the results of the questionnaires, we found that many historical perspectives remain in the design of teachers, especially those perspectives that relate to individual causes school failure and family. To counteract the data found with signs placed in the literature it can be stated that the teachers surveyed did not recognize the theory of social and cultural reproduction, as in this research as a source of explanation of school failure. Note that all the teachers who participated in the study said they believe experiences of failure can be overcome