995 resultados para Community Punishment


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Information on the Council Bluffs Youth Connections, Henry County Transition Partners, and CASE (Career And Self Awareness) community demonstration prototypes.

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The effects of ants on the insect community on inflorescences of Byrsonima crassifolia (Malpighiaceae) were tested in an ant exclusion experiment in a cerrado vegetation in southeastern Brazil. Forty-four species of insects (23 families) and nine species of ants (6 genera and 3 subfamilies) were found on the inflorescences of B. crassifolia. The exclusion of ants, primarily Camponotus sericeiventris and Camponotus spp., reduced the treehopper population to 20% of the original abundance. Ant exclusion and time influenced the abundance of chewing (Exclusion, P<0.001; Time, P<0.002), and sucking insects (Exclusion, P<0.02; Time, P<0.01). Twice as many chewing and sucking insects were found on ant-excluded inflorescences as compared to control inflorescences (P<0.001). One and half more sucking insects were found on ant-excluded than on control inflorescences. Only time significantly influenced the richness of chewing and sucking insects associated with B. crassifolia inflorescences. Inflorescences on control branches were significantly less attacked by herbivores than inflorescences on ant-excluded branches (P<0.001). Therefore, these results suggest that the presence of ants alters the structure of insect herbivore community associated with B. crassifolia.

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Announcement of the Improving Transition Outcomes Community Demonstration Prototypes with general information for each.

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Announcement of the Improving Transition Outcomes Community Demonstration Prototypes with general information for each.

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Promotional article recognizing an award presented to the CASE (Career And Self Awareness) team.

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Promotional article recognizing an award presented to the CASE (Career And Self Awareness) team.

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Audit report on Clarke Community School District in Osceola, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

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Audit report on Sheldon Community School District in Sheldon, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

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Audit report on Perry Community School District in Perry, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

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Audit report on KCCK-FM Radio, a public telecommunications entity operated by Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

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Audit report on Community Colleges for International Development, Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

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Cofoundresses of the desert fungus garden ant Acromyrmex versicolorexhibit a forager specialist who subsumes all foraging risk priorto first worker eclosion (Rissing et al. 1989). In an experimentdesigned to mimic a "cheater" who refuses foraging assignment whenher lot, cofoundresses delayed/failed to replace their forager,often leading to demise of their garden (Rissing et al. 1996). Thecheater on task assignment is harmed, but so too is the punisher,as all will die without a healthy garden. In this paper we studythrough simulation the cofoundress interaction with haploid, asexualgenotypes which either replace a cheater or not (punishment), underboth foundress viscosity (likely for A. versicolor) and randomassortment. We find replacement superior to punishment only whenthere is no foraging risk and cheating is not costly to groupsurvival. Generally, punishment is evolutionarily superior,especially as forager risk increases, under both forms of dispersal.

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Audit report on Kirkwood Community College in Cedar Rapids, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

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Audit report on Indian Hills Community College in Ottumwa, Iowa for the year ended June 30, 2007

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This monthly report from the Iowa Department of Natural Resources is about the water quality management of Iowa's rivers, streams and lakes.