Síndrome das pernas inquietas: Diagnóstico e tratamento. Opinião de especialistas Brasileiros

This article contains the conclusions of the November 17-18, 2006 meeting of the Brazilian Study Group of Restless Legs Syndrome (GBE-SPI) about diagnosis and management of restless legs syndrome (RLS). RLS is characterized by abnormal sensations mostly but not exclusively in the legs which worsen in the evening and are improved by motion of the affected body part. Its diagnosis is solely based on clinical findings. Therapeutic agents with efficacy supported by Class I studies are dopamine agonists, levodopa and gabapentine. Class II studies support the use of slow release valproic acid, clonazepan and oxycodone. The GBE-SPI recommendations for management of SPI are sleep hygiene, withdrawal of medications capable of worsening the condition, treatment of comorbidities and pharmacological agents. The first choice agents are dopaminergic drugs, second choice are gabapentine or oxycodone, and the third choice are clonazepan or slow release valproic acid.

Occurrence, extension, and severity of gingival margin alterations after orthodontic treatment.

To assess the occurrence, extension, and severity of gingival margin alterations in a sample of youth after orthodontic treatment. Records from 209 Caucasian adolescents (118 female and 91 male) before and after orthodontic treatment were selected. Patients presented a mean age at the beginning of orthodontic treatment of 11.20 ± 1.86 years and a final mean age of 14.72 ± 1.83 years. Class I and II patients with mandibular incisors and canines that were completely erupted and with spacing or crowding not exceeding 4 mm were evaluated. The presence of gingival recession on the labial surface of the mandibular anterior teeth was evaluated in intraoral photographs and casts made before and after treatment. The proportion of patients with gingival recession after treatment was statistically higher than at the beginning (P<.001). After orthodontic treatment, gingival recession was not present in any of the teeth for 63.6% of the patients; in 29.2% of the patients, recession was present in at least 1 tooth. In terms of severity, the majority of affected teeth (47%) presented gingival recession less than 2 mm and in 2% more than 4 mm. It may be concluded that alterations in the gingival margin, especially gingival recession, occur in patients after orthodontic therapy, but the extent and severity of this finding are low. COPYRIGHT © 2007 BY QUINTESSENCE PUBLISHING CO, INC.

Comparison of exfoliative pap stain and AgNOR counts of the tongue in smokers and nonsmokers

Objective To compare exfoliative cytology from the oral mucosa of smokers and nonsmokers, with emphasis on proliferative activity. Methods Exfoliative cytology specimens were obtained from clinical normal mucosa from the lateral border of the tongue in 30 nonsmokers and 30 smokers ranging in age from 40 to 70 years of age, who were seen at the Heart Institute's Patient Center and the Smoking Cessation Program of the University Hospital, University of São Paulo Medical School (InCor-HCFMUSP). The cytologic specimens were evaluated by Papanicolaou staining and AgNOR quantification in order to evaluate the presence of cytological alterations suggestive of inflammation, dysplasia, keratinization, and proliferative activity of epithelial cells. Results Only Papanicolaou Class I and Class II smears were observed. Inflammatory alterations were found in 90% of smokers and in 87% of nonsmokers. The number of AgNORs/nucleus differed significantly between smokers and nonsmokers (3.372 ± 0.375 versus 2.732 ± 0.236). Conclusions Within the limitations of this research, the results indicate higher proliferative activity in smoking patients compared to nonsmoking patients, even in the absence of clinical lesions. © The Author(s) 2008.

Cephalometric evaluation of surgical mandibular advancement

The treatment of Class II adult individuals with mandibular deficiency has been the combination of orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. Therefore, a study was conducted in which cephalometric analysis was used to evaluate the influence of dentoalveolar decompensation in Class II patients submitted to orthodontic and surgical treatment for mandibular advancement, by bilateral osteotomy of the mandibular ramus. A sample of 15 leukoderma adult female patients were selected and three cephalometric radiographs of each patient, taken before the orthodontic treatment, before surgery and after at least 6 months postoperatively, were analyzed in a total of 45 roentgenograms. The tracings were made by the manual method and the points were digitalized using software. The results showed that values of SNB increased from 75.6 to 78.6°. The measures BNP and PGNP were reduced from -12.7 to -7.7 mm and -12.7 to -6.6 mm, respectively. For ANB there was a reduction of 3.23° (from 8.1° to 4.9°). Likewise, the values of AOBO were diminished by 6.3 mm (from 7.6 to 1.3 mm), and in the values of OJ there was a reduction of 5.7 mm (from 9 to 3.3 mm). It was concluded that the pre-surgical orthodontic treatment promoted minimal and variable dental and skeletal changes in the final result. The surgical treatment caused significant skeletal changes, especially in the measurements related to the mandible (SNB, BNP, PGNP and SNPM) or indirectly to it (ANB, AOBO and OJ).

MMP-2 and MMP-9 localization and activity in the female prostate during estrous cycle

The gerbil female prostate undergoes morphological and physiological changes resulting from hormonal fluctuations that occur during the reproductive cycle. These repetitive cycles of glandular growth and regression are followed by an extensive reconstruction and remodeling of prostate stroma throughout the reproductive life of the female gerbil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect that the hormonal fluctuations of the reproductive cycle have on the stromal remodeling and the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and -9 in the adult female gerbil prostate. For this, serological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and biochemical methods were employed. The results showed that the major stromal alteration coincide with the peak of estradiol, which occurs in estrus, and with the peak of progesterone, occurring during diestrus II. MMP-2 and -9 presented a similar pattern of expression and activity during estrous cycle. The estrus was the phase of greater expression and activity of MMP-2 and -9. On the other hand, in DI and DII, the tissue expression and activity of MMP-2 and -9 was very weak. These results are important since they suggest the involvement of estradiol and progesterone in regulating the expression and activity of MMP-2 and -9 in adult gerbil female prostate. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Paresthesia during orthodontic treatment: case report and review.

Paresthesia of the lower lip is uncommon during orthodontic treatment. In the present case, paresthesia occurred during orthodontic leveling of an extruded mandibular left second molar. It was decided to remove this tooth from the appliance and allow it to relapse. A reanatomization was then performed by grinding. The causes and treatment options of this rare disorder are reviewed and discussed. The main cause of paresthesia during orthodontic treatment may be associated with contact between the dental roots and inferior alveolar nerve, which may be well observed on tomography scans. Treatment usually involves tooth movement in the opposite direction of the cause of the disorder.

Nilpotent orbits and codimension-2 defects of 6d N = (2, 0)theories

We study the local properties of a class of codimension-2 defects of the 6d N = (2, 0) theories of type J = A, D, E labeled by nilpotent orbits of a Lie algebra $g, where g is determined by J and the outer-automorphism twist around the defect. This class is a natural generalization of the defects of the six-dimensional (6d) theory of type SU(N) labeled by a Young diagram with N boxes. For any of these defects, we determine its contribution to the dimension of the Higgs branch, to the Coulomb branch operators and their scaling dimensions, to the four-dimensional (4d) central charges a and c and to the flavor central charge k. © 2013 World Scientific Publishing Company.

A high-resolution radiation hybrid map of the river buffalo major histocompatibility complex and comparison with BoLA

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in mammals codes for antigen-presenting proteins. For this reason, the MHC is of great importance for immune function and animal health. Previous studies revealed this gene-dense and polymorphic region in river buffalo to be on the short arm of chromosome 2, which is homologous to cattle chromosome 23. Using cattle-derived STS markers and a river buffalo radiation hybrid (RH) panel (BBURH5000), we generated a high-resolution RH map of the river buffalo MHC region. The buffalo MHC RH map (cR5000) was aligned with the cattle MHC RH map (cR 12000) to compare gene order. The buffalo MHC had similar organization to the cattle MHC, with class II genes distributed in two segments, class IIa and class IIb. Class IIa was closely associated with the class I and class III regions, and class IIb was a separate cluster. A total of 53 markers were distributed into two linkage groups based on a two-point LOD score threshold of ≥8. The first linkage group included 32 markers from class IIa, class I and class III. The second linkage group included 21 markers from class IIb. Bacterial artificial chromosome clones for seven loci were mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization on metaphase chromosomes using single- and double-color hybridizations. The order of cytogenetically mapped markers in the region corroborated the physical order of markers obtained from the RH map and served as anchor points to align and orient the linkage groups. © 2012 The Authors, Animal Genetics © 2012 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics.

Proposta para o uso e manejo sustentável da bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Guaratinguetá, SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Características morfológicas dentoesqueléticas das más oclusões de classe I, classe II e classe II subdivisão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação das alterações induzidas pelo aparelho de Herbst no tratamento da má oclusão de classe II de Angle em telerradiografia cefalométrica em norma de 45°

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação dos efeitos do aparelho Herbst Splint metálico, no tratamento da má oclusão classe II divisão 1, após o surto de crescimento pubertário

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da movimentação ortodôntica sobre lesão de furca grau II tratada com matriz mineral óssea bovina e membrana absorvível: estudo histológico e histométrico em cães

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da adaptação marginal de restaurações cerâmicas inlay após a cimentação

Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT