Expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos in three-dimensional fetal brain cell cultures and the lack of correlation with maturation-inducing stimuli.

Previous work has shown that aggregating fetal brain cell cultures are able to attain a highly differentiated state, and that their development is greatly enhanced by growth and/or differentiation factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and the protein kinase C-activating tumor promoter mezerein. The present study shows that in these 3-dimensional cultures the peptide growth factors EGF and bFGF as well as mezerein are able to induce the expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos. This induction was rapid and transient, in good agreement with observations reported from a wide variety of cell types in vitro. The maximal levels of c-fos mRNA found after stimulation were low in immature cultures and increased greatly as maturation progressed. Of the three factors tested, mezerein was the most potent inducer of c-fos. In contrast to the peptide growth factors EGF and bFGF which were found to induce c-fos only in glial cells, mezerein was stimulatory in glial cells as well as in neurons. A similar cell type specificity has been observed previously for the maturation-enhancing response in immature aggregate cultures. However, in the present study no correlation was found between the degree of c-fos induction and the extent of the maturation-enhancing stimulation. Immature cultures known to be most sensitive and responsive to these maturation-enhancing agents required relatively high doses of peptide growth factors for the induction of c-fos, and the maximal levels of c-fos mRNA elicited were much lower than those in differentiated cultures which did not show any long-term response to these stimuli.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Situación de la anchoveta y otros recursos pelágicos en el mar peruano a fines de 1998. Crucero BIC José Olaya Balandra 9811-12

Durante noviembre y diciembre de 1998 se realizó el crucero de evaluación de recursos pelágicos en la costa peruana que permitió observar cambios en la distribución, estructura por tamaños y estructura de la biomasa de los principales recursos pelágicos. La biomasa de anchoveta se incrementó 120% respecto al crucero de setiembre, con una presencia continua de anchoveta y mayores concentraciones en una amplia área que comprende hasta las 40 millas de la costa. Otros recursos mesopelágicos y demersales, como vinciguerria, falso volador y bagre han disminuido sus biomasas, observándose el incremento en la biomasa de múnida o camaroncito rojo y medusas. El porcentaje de juveniles de la mayoría de recursos pesqueros continua siendo alto, indicándonos que sigue desarrollándose el proceso de renovación de sus poblaciones. Las tallas de anchoveta mostraron un cambio significativo respecto al crucero de setiembre, con predominio en número de ejemplares pequeños de talla modal en 5,0 y 6,5 cm, y con la reaparición de ejemplares adultos con moda en 14,0 cm no detectados en cruceros anteriores. En sardina, jurel y caballa persiste la incidencia de ejemplares juveniles. En el aspecto reproductivo, durante el periodo Post Niño, destaca la continuidad del proceso reproductivo de anchoveta iniciado en el otoño de 1998, y la mayor proporción de desovantes en ejemplares mayores de 14,0 cm. Así mismo, se incluyen algunas notas sobre distribución de cefalópodos

Temperatura y salinidad del mar peruano a fines de la primavera 1998. Crucero BIC José Olaya Balandra 9811-12

La temperatura superficial del mar (TSM) tuvo valores que variaron de 14,0 °C (5 millas al sur de Punta Caballas) a 22,1 °C (20 mn frente a Matarani); la salinidad superficial del agua de mar (SSM) fluctuó entre 34,715 ups (5 millas al sur del Callao) a 35,340 ups (40 millas frente a Punta Caballas). Las anomalías térmicas para el mes de noviembre fluctuaron entre -0,5 y -1,6 °C. En el mes de diciembre las anomalías estuvieron en el rango de -2,6 a + 1,6 °C. Entre los 06° - II ° S se ubicaron valores negativos asociados con las Aguas Costeras Frías (ACF). Entre los 14° - 16° S se observaron anomalías positivas que alcanzaron valores de hasta 1,6 °C relacionadas a las Aguas Subtropicales Superficiales (ASS), que se ubicaron fuera de las 30 millas entre Punta Chao y Chancay; y por fuera de las 10 mn fueron más intensas entre Punta Caballas y Atico, con salinidades mayores a 35,1 ups y temperaturas mayores a 19°C. A nivel vertical, la termoclina, conformada por isotermas entre 14 -21°C, se presentó intensa en las secciones: Chimbote, Paracas y San Juan ubicándose entre los 40 - 110m de profundidad como promedio.

Induction of the Arabidopsis PHO1;H10 gene by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid but not jasmonic acid via a CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1-dependent pathway

Expression of AtPHO1;H10, a member of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) PHO1 gene family, is strongly induced following numerous abiotic and biotic stresses, including wounding, dehydration, cold, salt, and pathogen attack. AtPHO1;H10 expression by wounding was localized to the cells in the close vicinity of the wound site. AtPHO1;H10 expression was increased by application of the jasmonic acid (JA) precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), but not by JA or coronatine. Surprisingly, induction of AtPHO1;H10 by OPDA was dependent on the presence of CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1). The induction of AtPHO1;H10 expression by wounding and dehydration was dependent on COI1 and was comparable in both the wild type and the OPDA reductase 3-deficient (opr3) mutant. In contrast, induction of AtPHO1;H10 expression by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) was independent of the presence of either OPDA or COI1, but was strongly decreased in the ABA-insensitive mutant abi1-1. The involvement of the ABA pathway in regulating AtPHO1;H10 was distinct between wounding and dehydration, with induction of AtPHO1;H10 by wounding being comparable to wild type in the ABA-deficient mutant aba1-3 and abi1-1, whereas a strong reduction in AtPHO1;H10 expression occurred in aba1-3 and abi1-1 following dehydration. Together, these results reveal that OPDA can modulate gene expression via COI1 in a manner distinct from JA, and independently from ABA. Furthermore, the implication of the ABA pathway in coregulating AtPHO1;H10 expression is dependent on the abiotic stress applied, being weak under wounding but strong upon dehydration

La anchoveta y otros recursos pelágicos en el mar peruano a fines de 1999. Crucero BICs José Olaya Balandra y SNP-2 9911-12

Se observaron los cambios en la distribución, estructura poblacional y biomasa de los principales recursos pelágicos.

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son in Parjé [i.e. parji], from Bastar (C.P) [i.e. Central Provinces] : dravidien, Linguistic survey of India, [Sir George] Grierson / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Bhima Parjā], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in mixed Baghelkhandi (C.P.) [i.e. Central Provinces], from Murwara / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Rai Bahadur Hiralal], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Baghelkhand]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in telugu, from Chanda (C.P.) [i.e. Central Provinces] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Gangadhar], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Maharashtra]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Gondi, from Bastar (C.P) [i.e. Central Provinces] - Dravidien - Ling[uistic] survey of India / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Kesrī Gond], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Korwa, from Surguja (C.P.) [i.e. Central Provinces] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Nathu Kōrwā], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh]

[Archives de la Parole]. , Parable of the prodigal son : in Bundelkhandi Hindi, from Damoh (C.P.) [i.e. Central Provinces] / [Sir George Grierson], éd. ; Linguistic survey of India ; [Bindraban], voix

[Traditions. Asie. Inde. Madhya Pradesh]