Security and Securities in English Commercial Law

Paul Latimer, Associate Professor, Department of Business Law and Taxation. Faculty of Business and Economics, Monash University. Présentation dans le cadre du cycle de conférences organisé par le CRDP intitulé « Le droit à la sécurité ... la sécurité par le droit ».

Who is to protect whom from what? The human security dilemmas of Iraq, North Korea and Darfur

Brian Job, Professor, Department of Political Science, University of British Columbia, Director, Center of International Relations. Présentation dans le cadre du cycle de conférences organisé par le CRDP intitulé « Le droit à la sécurité ... la sécurité par le droit ».

Unresolved states of mind with respect to attachment : developmental significance, subtypes, and relations to disrupted caregiving

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Micro-governance and citizen-based security in Brazil

Thèse numérisée par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

La relation d’activation père-enfant, les problèmes intériorisés et l’anxiété chez les enfants d’âge préscolaire.

La relation d’activation père-enfant est une nouvelle théorisation du lien d’attachement au père faisant référence au pôle exploration. Cette relation se développe dès la deuxième année de l’enfant et principalement à travers les jeux physiques. La relation d’activation met prioritairement l’accent sur l’ouverture au monde et permet alors de répondre avant tout au besoin de l’enfant d’être stimulé et de se surpasser, venant compléter ses besoins de sécurité premiers. L’objectif de la présente thèse est d’étudier les liens entre la relation d’activation au père et le développement socio-affectif des enfants à l’âge préscolaire, plus précisément en matière de problèmes intériorisés (PI) et d’anxiété. Deux articles empiriques composent cette thèse. Le premier a été réalisé avec un échantillon de convenance composé de 51 dyades père-enfant. Les analyses démontrent les liens anticipés entre la sous-activation et les PI : les enfants sous-activés ont significativement plus de PI que les enfants activés. Également, l’association initialement observée entre le score d’activation et les PI reste significative même après avoir contrôlé pour certaines variables comme le sexe et le tempérament de l’enfant ainsi que les comportements parentaux. Plus les enfants étaient activés positivement dans leur relation avec leur père, moins ils présentaient de PI. Enfin, l’exploration des liens entre la relation d’activation et les sous-échelles des PI a révélé un lien unique avec l’anxiété. Le deuxième article a été réalisé avec 49 familles issues d’une population clinique (c.-à-d. service de pédopsychiatrie). Il est le premier à mettre en lien l’activation au père, l’attachement à la mère et l’anxiété chez l’enfant d’âge préscolaire. Les analyses confirment les résultats déjà existants en matière d’attachement mère-enfant et d’anxiété; ce sont les enfants insécurisés, plus précisément les enfants insécurisés-ambivalents et insécurisés-désorganisés-contrôlants du sous-type caregiving qui présentent le plus d’anxiété. Les hypothèses concernant les liens entre l’anxiété et l’activation ne sont quant à elles pas confirmées. Enfin, un effet de modération de la relation d’activation père-enfant est mis en évidence sur l’association entre l’attachement à la mère et l’anxiété chez l’enfant; la relation d’activation peut être considérée comme un facteur de protection ou de risque. Les résultats de la présente thèse sont discutés à la lumière de la théorie de l’attachement et de deux modèles étiologiques de l’anxiété (c.-à-d. modèle de psychopathologie développementale et modèle évolutionniste). Cette thèse pourrait mener au développement de programmes de prévention et d’intervention qui prendraient en considération les deux figures parentales.

Sentiment de compétence parentale, qualité de la relation d’attachement et la fonction paternelle d’ouverture sur le monde chez des pères d’enfant d’âge scolaire

La fonction paternelle d’ouverture sur le monde (FPOM) est un concept récent dans le domaine de la recherche sur l’engagement paternel. Les liens entre les pratiques parentales et les représentations mentales qui sont associées à cette forme d’engagement paternel, les comportements et le développement des enfants sont peu connus. Cette étude transversale avait pour objet l’atteinte de deux objectifs, d’abord vérifier les liens prédictifs entre les dimensions de la FPOM, le sentiment de compétence parentale (SCP) des pères et la qualité de la relation d’attachement père-enfant. Ensuite, examiner le rôle potentiellement modérateur du SCP des pères sur les liens significatifs entre les dimensions de la FPOM et la qualité de la relation d’attachement père-enfant. Les données proviennent d’un échantillon de 200 pères québécois francophones ayant répondu à un questionnaire autorévélé. Leur enfant était âgé entre 5 et 13 ans (1ere à 6e année du primaire). Des modèles de régression linéaire hiérarchique ont été utilisés pour vérifier l’influence de l’effet modérateur. Les résultats montrent des corrélations positives significatives entre les dimensions « stimulation à la persévérance » et « discipline et enseignement des responsabilités » de la FPOM et la qualité de la relation d’attachement père-enfant. Les dimensions de la stimulation à la prise de risque et à la compétition de la FPOM ne sont pas corrélées à la qualité de la relation d’attachement père-enfant. Contrairement aux résultats attendus, le SCP des pères n’a pas d’effet modérateur sur les liens significatifs obtenus, mais plutôt un effet additif se traduisant par la présence de relations transactionnelles entre les variables. Des analyses complémentaires révèlent un effet modérateur marginalement significatif du SCP des pères sur le lien entre la stimulation à la persévérance de la FPOM et l’échelle « plaisir et sécurité » du questionnaire sur la qualité de la relation d’attachement père-enfant (QQRAPE). La propension des pères à stimuler leur enfant à persévérer émerge plus particulièrement lors d’activités ludiques et elle contribue au développement du sentiment de confiance et de sécurité personnelle de leur enfant. Ces résultats sont discutés en regard de la littérature actuelle afin de mieux comprendre les liens entre les variables.

Les comportements d’attachement des enfants victimes d’aliénation parentale

Rapport de stage présenté à la Faculté des arts et des sciences en vue de l’obtention du grade de Maîtrise ès sciences (M. Sc.) en criminologie option Intervention

Romantic attachment and perception of partner support to explain psychological aggression perpetrated in couples seeking couples therapy

Essai doctoral présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l’obtention du grade de Docteur en psychologie (D.Psy.), option clinique

Attachment, sexual assertiveness and sexual outcomes in women with provoked vestibulodynia and their partners : a mediation model.

Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) is a prevalent women’s sexual pain disorder, which is associated with sexual function difficulties. Attachment theory has been used to understand adult sexual outcomes, providing a useful framework for examining sexual adaptation in couples confronted with PVD. Research to date indicates that anxious and avoidant attachment dimensions correlate with worse sexual outcomes in community and clinical samples. The present study examined the association between attachment, pain, sexual function and sexual satisfaction in a sample of 101 couples in which the women presented with PVD. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was used in order to investigate both actor and partner effects. This study also examined the role of sexual assertiveness as a mediator of these associations via structural equation modeling. Women completed measures of pain intensity and both members of the couple completed measures of romantic attachment, sexual assertiveness, sexual function and satisfaction. Results indicated that attachment dimensions did not predict pain intensity. Both anxious and avoidant attachment were associated with lower sexual satisfaction. Only attachment avoidance predicted lower sexual function in women. Partner effects indicated that higher sexual assertiveness in men predicted better sexual function in women, while higher sexual assertiveness in women predicted higher sexual satisfaction in men. Finally, women’s sexual assertiveness was found to be a significant mediator of the relationship between their attachment dimensions, sexual function and satisfaction. Findings highlight the importance of examining how anxious and avoidant attachment may lead to difficulties in sexual assertiveness and to less satisfying sexual interactions in couples where women suffer from PVD.

New Standards of Justice: Uncovering Motivations for Mexico’s Recent Judicial Reforms amid a Security Crisis

From the introduction: Mexico is in a state of siege. In recent years, organized crime and drug-related violence have escalated dramatically, taking innocent lives and leaving the country mired in bloodshed. The Mexican government, under the leadership of President Felipe Calderón, has responded in part by significantly extending the reach of its security operations, deploying thousands of federal police officers and military troops to combat the activities of drug cartels, and collaborating with the United States on an extensive regional security plan known as the Mérida Initiative. In the midst of the security crisis, however, the government has somewhat paradoxically adopted judicial reforms that protect human rights and civil liberties rather than erode them, specifically the presumption of innocence standard in criminal proceedings and the implementation of oral trials. Assuming that the new laws on the books will be applied in practice, these reforms represent an important commitment on the part of the government to uphold human rights and civil liberties. This is in stark contrast to the infamous judicial reforms in Colombia—the institutionalization of anonymous or “faceless” prosecutions in special courts—implemented after a surge in leftist and cartel brutality, and the murders of several prominent public and judicial officials in the 1980s.

Investigation of Offences against National Security

The study is a close scrutiny of the process of investigation of offences in India along with an analysis of powers and functions of the investigating agency. The offences, which are prejudicial to sovereignty, integrity and security of the nation or to its friendly relations with foreign states, are generally called the offences against national security. Offences against national security being prejudicial to the very existence of the nation and its legal system, is a heinous and terrible one. As early as 1971 the Law Commission of India had pointed out the need of treating the offences relating to national security and their perpetrators on a totally different procedural footing. The recommendation that, all the offences coming under the said category ought to be brought under the purview of a single enactment so as to confront such offences effectively. The discrepancies in and inadequacies of the criminal justice system in India as much as they are related to the investigations of the offences against national security are examined and the reforms are also suggested. The quality of criminal justice is closely linked with the caliber of the prosecution system and many of the acquittals in courts can be ascribed not only to poor investigations but also to poor quality of prosecution.

Data Security in Fault Tolerant Hard Real Time Systems- Use of Time Dependant Multiple Random Cipher Code

The present research problem is to study the existing encryption methods and to develop a new technique which is performance wise superior to other existing techniques and at the same time can be very well incorporated in the communication channels of Fault Tolerant Hard Real time systems along with existing Error Checking / Error Correcting codes, so that the intention of eaves dropping can be defeated. There are many encryption methods available now. Each method has got it's own merits and demerits. Similarly, many crypt analysis techniques which adversaries use are also available.

Studies,Design and Development of Network Security Enhancement Services Using Novel Cryptographic Algorithms

Internet today has become a vital part of day to day life, owing to the revolutionary changes it has brought about in various fields. Dependence on the Internet as an information highway and knowledge bank is exponentially increasing so that a going back is beyond imagination. Transfer of critical information is also being carried out through the Internet. This widespread use of the Internet coupled with the tremendous growth in e-commerce and m-commerce has created a vital need for infonnation security.Internet has also become an active field of crackers and intruders. The whole development in this area can become null and void if fool-proof security of the data is not ensured without a chance of being adulterated. It is, hence a challenge before the professional community to develop systems to ensure security of the data sent through the Internet.Stream ciphers, hash functions and message authentication codes play vital roles in providing security services like confidentiality, integrity and authentication of the data sent through the Internet. There are several ·such popular and dependable techniques, which have been in use widely, for quite a long time. This long term exposure makes them vulnerable to successful or near successful attempts for attacks. Hence it is the need of the hour to develop new algorithms with better security.Hence studies were conducted on various types of algorithms being used in this area. Focus was given to identify the properties imparting security at this stage. By making use of a perception derived from these studies, new algorithms were designed. Performances of these algorithms were then studied followed by necessary modifications to yield an improved system consisting of a new stream cipher algorithm MAJE4, a new hash code JERIM- 320 and a new message authentication code MACJER-320. Detailed analysis and comparison with the existing popular schemes were also carried out to establish the security levels.The Secure Socket Layer (SSL) I Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol is one of the most widely used security protocols in Internet. The cryptographic algorithms RC4 and HMAC have been in use for achieving security services like confidentiality and authentication in the SSL I TLS. But recent attacks on RC4 and HMAC have raised questions about the reliability of these algorithms. Hence MAJE4 and MACJER-320 have been proposed as substitutes for them. Detailed studies on the performance of these new algorithms were carried out; it has been observed that they are dependable alternatives.

Social Security of Labour in the New Indian Economy

Globalisation has many facets and its impact on labour is one of the most significant aspects.Though its influence is worldwide,it is much more significant in a transforming economy like India.The right of workers to social security is seen recognised under the Constitution of India and other welfare legislations.But,after adoption of the new economic policy of liberalisation and privatisation by the Government of India,the labour is exposed to new set of challenges.They are posed mainly due to economic restructuring affected in employment relationship,coupled with the increase in unprotected informal labour force.This study is an attempt to analyse the new challenges stemming up in employment relation,efficacy of the existing measures for social security of labour in the present economic condition and the suggestions for securing workers'right to social security in the trade regime.

Implications of Government Sponsored Social Security and Welfare Schemes on Socioeconomic Status of Small Scale Marine Fisherfolk in Kerala

A socio-economic research is required as an attempt to address the socio-economic issues facing small-scale fisheries. A study of the socio economic conditions of small-scale fishermen is a prerequisite for good design and successful implementation of effective assistance Programmes. It will provide an overall pidure of the structure, activities and standards of living of small-scale fisherfolk The study is confined to the coastal districts of Ernakulam, Thrissur and Malappuram districts. It also gives a picture of socio-economic conditions of the fisher folk in the study area. The variables that may depict the standard of living of the small-scale fisherfolk are occupational structure, family size, age structure, income, expenditure, education, housing and other social amenities. It attempts to see the asset creation of the fisherfolk with the help of government agencies, and the nature of savings and expenditure pattern of the fisherfolk. It also provides a picture of the indebtedness of the fisherfolk in the study area. The study analyses the schemes implemented by the government through its agencies, like Fisheries Department, Matsyaboard, and Matsyafed; and the awareness of fisherfolk regarding these schemes, their attitude and reactions, the extent of accessibility, and the viability of the schemes.