1000 resultados para Assembléia Constituinte, legislação, Brasil, 1946
Resumo:
A pesquisa objetiva diagnosticar a importncia da conservao e preservao ambiental da FLONA ARARIPE, para a regio do Cariri Cearense, por apresentar uma biodiversidade e ecossistemas que contribuem para a sustentabilidade hidrolgica, ecolgica e edfica do Complexo Sedimentar do Araripe. Primeira floresta criada no Brasil, atravs do decreto N 9.226, de 02 de maio de 1946, localiza-se no topo da Chapada do Araripe centro da Regio Nordeste do Brasil, no extremo sul do estado do Cear. Com base no diagnstico da rea, atravs de visitas na rea e anlise das imagens de satlites, a FLONA vem apresentando mudanas na sua paisagem natural, devido algumas aes de degradao ambiental, desmatamentos, queimadas, extrativismos, especulao imobiliria dentre outros. Sendo gerida pelo Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservao para a Biodiversidade, este detm um nmero mnimo de recursos humanos para acompanhar e fiscalizar 38.262 hectares de rea. Nesse sentido, de suma importncia a execuo do seu plano de manejo, prticas educativas que garantam a conservao/preservao ambiental desse territrio.
Resumo:
O objeto comea lembrando que a atuao dos profissionais de sade, no que se refere ao planejamento familiar, deve estar pautada em princpios de cidadania e que a assistncia deve contemplar o conjunto de aes de ateno mulher, ao homem ou ao casal, dentro de uma viso de atendimento integral sade. Relembra fatores importantes que devem fazer parte do cotidiano do mdico e de toda a Equipe de Sade da Famlia. Ressalta que h uma progressiva reduo da taxa de fecundidade total no Brasil, um dos fatores principais implicados nas mudanas do perfil demogrfico da populao brasileira, trazendo dados sobre o assunto. Mostra que em 12 de janeiro de 1996 foi promulgada a Lei do Planejamento Familiar n 9.263, apresentando caractersticas da legislação, abordando tambm o Artigo 3 e o Artigo 226. Termina enfocando que as aes de planejamento familiar inseridas na ateno bsica, e sob a responsabilidade dos municpios, foram definidas na Norma Operacional da Assistncia (NOAS-SUS), em 2001, sendo uma das sete reas prioritrias de interveno na ateno bsica, e apresenta uma animao sobre importantes fatos polticos histricos e atuais sobre planejamento familiar. Unidade 4 do mdulo 6 que compe o Curso de Especializao em Sade da Famlia.
Resumo:
Este objeto inicia mostrando com um grfico que a populao idosa foi a que mais cresceu no Brasil nos ltimos 40 anos. Comenta sobre os direitos dos idosos garantidos por vrias polticas e estatutos, mas lembra que embora os idosos estejam amparados legalmente, a violncia que os atinge a negao dos direitos de cidadania conquistados por eles. Segue detalhando o que a Organizao Mundial de Sade entende por maus-tratos e negligncia e como surgiram servios voltados para este fenmeno no Brasil, como as casas de abrigo, os centros de referncia multiprofissionais e as instituies prprias para denncias das violncias aos idosos. Mostra ainda como vrios dispositivos governamentais possuem objetivos comuns visando resolver esta situao. Conclui mostrando detalhes para a identificao de situaes de maus-tratos ao idoso. Unidade 3 do mdulo 11 que compe o Curso de Especializao em Sade da Famlia.
Resumo:
Aborda o fenmeno da violncia entre parceiros ntimos como problema da rea de sade que necessita de polticas pblicas especficas para enfrentamento, preveno e atendimento, fazendo um apanhado histrico das conquistas em relao a direitos da mulher a partir da Conferncia Mundial do Ano Internacional da Mulher/ ONU/1975, passando pela dcada de 1990, quando o setor de sade assumiu oficialmente a violncia no casal como problema de sade pblica chegando s modificaes da legislao e diretrizes polticas do sculo XXI com vistas erradicao da violncia baseada em gnero. Mostra a necessidade de implementao de aes inclusivas, de ampliao do trabalho em redes de ateno, da integrao dos setores, conforme o Pacto Nacional de Enfrentamento Violncia contra a Mulher, com seus cinco eixos estruturantes. Ressalta a importncia de mudana de mentalidade, especificamente na rea de sade para ampliar discusses, romper preconceitos, qualificar a ateno, dar visibilidade ao problema.
Resumo:
Diante da grande transio demogrfica, aonde o equilbrio das faixas etrias vm transformando a pirmide populacional, com a reduo dos mais jovens e o aumento do nmero dos mais velhos, os direitos dos idosos devem ser garantidos, por meio da legislao e das polticas pblicas, para um envelhecimento ativo e saudvel. Pesquisou-se artigos sobre o tema com o objetivo de avaliar a sade bucal dos idosos no Brasil sob seus aspectos legais, identificar as polticas pblicas existentes para esta faixa etria, conhecer as aes existentes e verificar adeso dos idosos diante dos servios pblicos oferecidos. Pde-se concluir que a assistncia odontolgica pblica ao idoso ainda precria no Brasil. Porm, com a execuo da Poltica Nacional de Sade Bucal (2004), com a efetivao do Programa Brasil Sorridente e o cumprimento da legislação, os idosos podero ter uma melhor qualidade de sade bucal, por meio de uma melhor estruturao dos servios, com o aumento dos locais de atendimento do servio pblico, uma efetiva educao em sade para essa faixa etria que est sempre disposta e interessada em ter uma boa qualidade de vida.
Resumo:
This study focus on the reconfiguration of educational management in Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico, which was promoted by the new logic of social regulation and the new role attributed to the State, considering each country's own historicity. So, the cultural factors that interfere on the dynamics of the 90' school reform are analyzed. Aspects that show the homogeneity or heterogeneity of these reforms in the region, as well as local specificities that block out the concretization of the reform are underlined. It is shown that the historicity that characterizes the educational reform has taken, in each country, a form that can be called, in Mexico, conservative rupture; in Chile, conservative continuity; in Brazil, conservative renovation; and, in Argentina, interrupted rupture. Some conclusions about the impact of educational reform in the selected countries are recuperated through the analysis of 186 academic texts on the subject.
Resumo:
This article analyses the emergence and development of social policies for children and adolescents attendance that are in line with the development process of the Brazilian social protection system, focusing on some of the main representations attributed to childhood, according to the historical and political periods. It seeks to present the notion of childhood instituted under the constitution of the Brazilian welfare state, in such a way as to place it within the broader context of the historical and political transformations that involved the emergence and consolidation of the social policies directed towards children and adolescents in Brazil in the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st.
Resumo:
The purpose of this article is to develop some ideas that may contribute to the debate about the secondary education in Brazil, giving emphasis to the conditions existing in the educational institutions, the ongoing educational policies and the challenges posed by the social, economic and political reality of the country. It is also discussed the political, social and economic importance of the expansion and the compulsory character of secondary education as well as the school's culture dimension, in its relationship to the so-called knowledge society. Finally, the role of secondary education for the youth and the new demands it poses for teachers are presented, among some others aspects.
Resumo:
This article takes the concepts of biopower and governmentality as the starting point for an analysis of certain recent Brazilian government documents about the introduction of Philosophy as a subject in secondary school. In the 1980s, this argument centered on Philosophy's so-called criticism and its potential for preparing citizens for a democratic society, was used by the movements aimed to restore democracy in Brazil. This argument appears to have been assimilated by the Brazilian government, because it is stated in the Guidelines and Bases of Education Law, secondary school students should demonstrate knowledge of philosophy necessary for the exercise of citizenship. The argument also appears in documents such as the PCN and PCN+ (National Curricular Parameters) and OCEM (Curriculum Guidelines for Secondary School) in their chapters on Philosophy. These documents are examined here in the light of governmentality, making explicit how Philosophy is equipped to train young people according to what is understood as a modern democratic society.
Resumo:
Chemical research in Brazil has grown significantly in the past 20 years, largely thanks to the Brazilian S&T Development Program of the federal government (PADCT). However, the newly achieved levels of highly qualified manpower and research infra-structure require new research organization frameworks to make science, technology and innovation really useful and meaningful for the citizens. The current requirements for creating viable networks of academic and industry researchers are presented and discussed as well as some structural and procedural bottlenecks that have to be eliminated, to achieve maximum high-quality science, technology and relevant innovation output.
Resumo:
Chemometric activities in Brazil are described according to three phases: before the existence of microcomputers in the 1970s, through the initial stages of microcomputer use in the 1980s and during the years of extensive microcomputer applications of the 90s and into this century. Pioneering activities in both the university and industry are emphasized. Active research areas in chemometrics are cited including experimental design, pattern recognition and classification, curve resolution for complex systems and multivariate calibration. New trends in chemometrics, especially higher order methods for treating data, are emphasized.
Resumo:
Quimica Nova and the Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society are two examples of successful initiatives taken by the Brazilian Chemical Society (SBQ - Sociedade Brasileira de Qumica), and may serve as models for the scientific societies of developing countries. Pillars of the SBQ, these two periodicals are undeniable demonstrations that idealism, utopia and dignity are the essential ingredients for transforming dreams into reality. Few believed that the Brazilian chemical community would one day have, as it does today, two scientific research periodicals indexed in the principal international data banks.
Resumo:
The copper and cadmium complexation properties in natural sediment suspensions of reservoirs of the Tiet River were studied using the solid membrane copper and cadmium ion-selective electrodes. The complexation and the average conditional stability constants were determined under equilibrium conditions at pH=6.00 ± 0.05 in a medium of 1.0 mol L-1 sodium nitrate, using the Scatchard method. The copper and cadmium electrodes presented Nernstian behavior from 1x10-6 to 1x10-3 mol L-1 of total metal concentration. Scatchard graphs suggest two classes of binding sites for both metals. A multivariate study was done to correlate the reservoirs and the variables: complexation properties, size, total organic carbon, volatile acid sulfide, E II and pH.
Resumo:
The composition and biological activities of propolis, a resinous hive product collected by honeybees from various plant sources, depends on various factors such as season and vegetation of the area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the seasonal effect on the ethanolic extracts of Brazilian propolis (EEP) type 6 and type 12, collected during 6 months in terms of antibacterial activity and phenolic composition. The antimicrobial properties were evaluated by MIC and MBC on S. mutans Ingbritt 1600 and the profile of chemical composition by UV-visible spectrophotometry, HPLC-RF and GC-MS. The results demonstrated that the season in which propolis is collected influences its chemical composition, resulting in modifications in its antibacterial activity.
Resumo:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the horizontal and vertical structures of tree community in regeneration in a fragment of a secondary riparian forest at approximately 30 years of age and to identify the most abundant species in each fragment of the forest to determine the sucessional stage. An area of 800 m was subdivided into 16 samples of 10 x 5 m and all individuals with DBH ≥ 1 cm were sampled and identified for the following analyzes: horizontal parameters (DR, FR, DoR, IVC and IVI), vertical parameters (PSR and RNR) and mixed parameters, from of value of increased importance index (IVIa). The survey measured 689 individuals, belonging to 38 families, 74 genus and 109 species. The total density was 8,614 individuals/ha. The index of Shannons diversity was 3.99 and the index of Pielous equability was 0.85. Tibouchina pulchra, Psychotria suterella and Endlicheria paniculata obtained high values of IVIa. Guarea macrophylla, Gomidesia anacardiaefolia, Xylopia langsdorffiana and Endlicheria paniculata achieved high values of RNT, indicating adequate natural regeneration in the plot. The initial secondary and umbrophylous species showed the highest ecological importance in this fragment of the forest, with the highest values of sociologic position and importance index. Furthermore, the presence of late secondary species in all layers suggest that the studied fragment is in intermediate succession degree.
