Myanmar migrant laborers in Ranong, Thailand

Thailand is the major destination for migrants in mainland Southeast Asia, and Myanmar (Burmese) migrants account for the dominant share. This paper sheds light on the actual working conditions and the life of Myanmar migrants in Thailand, based on our intensive survey in Ranong in southern Thailand in 2009. We found a wide range of serious problems that Myanmar migrants face in everyday life: very harsh working conditions, low income, heavy indebtedness, risk of being human-trafficking victims, harassment by the police and military (especially of sex workers), high risk of illness including malaria and HIV/AIDS and limited access to affordable medical facilities, and a poor educational environment for their children.

Gustavo Fernández Balbuena en la cultura urbanística madrileña

En la tesis que se presenta, es el estudio de la figura del arquitecto Gustavo Fernández Balbuena se parte de un supuesto doble: De una parte, la importancia de su obra y de otro el desconocimiento general de la misma aunque en sus 18 años de profesión sea tan amplia y diversa que provoque el respeto y la admiración de la mayoría de los arquitectos y profesionales de la construcción con los que se relaciona. La evolución profesional de Fernández Balbuena tiene al menos cuatro facetas que despiertan el interés por su figura. En primer lugar debe resaltarse su facilidad para escribir. En el examen del contexto de la época su facilidad expositiva es ciertamente reseñable. Una segunda faceta importante es su lucha por el reconocimiento de su profesión de arquitecto y la dignidad del trabajo que realizan. Por la actividad arquitectónica por sus compañeros y por el reconocimiento de la profesión dedica de forma altruista gran parte de su vida activa trabajando para la Sociedad Central de Arquitectos. En tercer lugar Fernández Balbuena tiene en función a su tiempo de vida profesional una variada obra arquitectónica dentro y fuera de Madrid que no ha sido suficientemente analizada hasta el momento. Su cuarta faceta es la de urbanista. Desde 1.919 en que entra a formar parte del proceso urbanístico de Madrid al ser nombrado Arquitecto Segundo de la Sección de Edificaciones del Ensanche hasta el año 1.928 en el que se retira de su puesto para regresar en 1.930 como Jefe de la Sección de Urbanización del Ayuntamiento, Fernández Balbuena interviene directamente en prácticamente todos los planes que se elaboran durante ese tiempo y de forma especial en la "Urbanización del Manzanares". El presente trabajo se ha orientado como el estudio de una persona Gustavo Fernández Balbuena y su importancia en el urbanismo de comienzos de Siglo en Madrid para lo cual trataremos de conocer primero al hombre como punto de referencia de cualquiera de su actividad. El análisis se inicia razonando el porqué del tema elegido para continuar con un capítulo el primero que trata de hacer una referencia histórica de la época en la que vivió el arquitecto sin intención interpretativa alguna y sólo con el fin de enmarcar a Fernández Balbuena en su sitio real. El capítulo segundo trata de la vida y obra en general de Balbuena. De la primera se investiga su trayectoria vital, desde su nacimiento en Madrid en 1888, hasta su muerte en 1931, a fin de concretar hasta que punto su evolución personal condicionó el desarrollo de su actividad. En cuanto a su obra, lo que se hace en este capítulo, es referenciar sus publicaciones, su actividad como arquitecto y su vinculación a la Sociedad Central de Arquitectos, temas que se desarrollarán de forma pormenorizada en los capítulos siguientes. En el capítulo tercero se analiza monográficamente la relación que mantuvo Balbuena con la Sociedad Central de Arquitectos, tanto participando en los órganos de dirección como colaborando en la revista "Arquitectura de la que fue primer director. En el capítulo cuarto se estudia su obra arquitectónica, haciendo especial referencia a los edificios de viviendas, tanto colectivas como unifamiliares, levantadas en Madrid. El capítulo quinto, se dedica a sus publicaciones, libros y artículos, conferencias, ponencias, asistencias a congresos y su actividad como jurado de concursos y en concreto en el Concurso de Proyectos para el Ateneo Mercantil de Valencia, en donde la explicación de su voto es una lección magistral de como ha de hacerse un proyecto. Por último se llega al capítulo sexto. En él se trata de descubrir la importancia que tuvo el autor en la cultura urbanística madrileña, como punto último de la investigación, que se divide en dos apartados: La evolución del planeamiento urbanístico en Madrid durante el primer tercio de Siglo, y la intervención en el mismo de Gustavo Fernández Balbuena

Sacrorum Bibliorum tomus quartus / [Benedicti Ariae Montani ... opera].

Mención de responsabilidad tomada del colofón

Sacrorum Bibliorum tomus quartus / [Benedicti Ariae Montani ... opera].

Mención de responsabilidad tomada del colofón

Quartus sente[n]tiaru[m] / Iohannis Maioris.

Marca tip. del primer imp. en port. (Renouard, 632) y del segundo en 2a1r (Renouard, 919)

De architectura : diuidido en diez libros / M. Vitruuio Pollion ; traduzidos de Latin en Castellano por Miguel de Vrrea architecto y sacado en su perfectio[n] por Iuan Gracian impressor vezino de Alcala ...

Hojas imp. por ambas caras

Correlation between ileal digestibility of amino acids and chemical composition of soybean meals in broilers at 21 days of age

The correlations between chemical composition and coefficient of standardized ileal digestibility (CSID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) were determined in 22 soybean meal (SBM) samples originated from USA (n = 8), Brazil (BRA; n = 7) and Argentina (ARG; n = 7) in 21-day old broilers. Birds were fed a commercial maize-SBM diet from 1 to 17 days of age followed by the experimental diets in which the SBM tested was the only source of protein (205 g CP/kg) for three days. Also, in vitro nitrogen (N) digestion study was conducted with these samples using the two-step enzymatic method. The coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID) of the SBM, independent of the origin, varied from 0.820 to 0.880 for CP, 0.850 to 0.905 for lysine (Lys), 0.859 to 0.907 for methionine (Met) and 0.664 to 0.750 for cysteine (Cys). The corresponding CSID values varied from 0.850 to 0.966 for CP, 0.891 to 0.940 for Lys, 0.931 to 0.970 for Met and 0.786 to 0.855 for Cys. The CSID of CP and Lys of the SBM were positively correlated with CP (r = 0.514; P menor que 0.05 and r = 0.370; P = 0.09, respectively), KOH solubility (KOH sol.) (r = 0.696; P menor que 0.001 and r = 0.619; P menor que 0.01, respectively), trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) (r = 0.541; P menor que 0.01 and r = 0.416; P = 0.05, respectively) and reactive Lys (r = 0.563; P menor que 0.01 and r = 0.486; P menor que 0.05) values, but no relation was observed with neutral detergent fiber and oligosaccharide content. No relation between the CSID of CP determined in vivo and N digestibility determined in vitro was found. The CSID of most key AA were higher for the USA and the BRA meals than for the ARG meals. For Lys, the CSID was 0.921, 0.919 and 0.908 (P menor que 0.05) and for Cys 0.828, 0.833 and 0.800 (P menor que 0.01) for USA, BRA and ARG meals, respectively. It is concluded that under the conditions of this experiment, the CSID of CP and Lys increased with CP content, KOH sol., TIA and reactive Lys values of the SBM. The CSID of most limiting AA, including Lys and Cys, were higher for USA and BRA meals than for ARG meals.

A participação popular na administração pública : audiências públicas na elaboração e discussão dos planos, Lei de diretrizes orçamentárias e orçamentos dos municípios

Inclui bibliografia

Re-Examining the Stop-Signal Task to Test Competing Theories of AD/HD

The current study tested two competing models of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD), the inhibition and state regulation theories, by conducting fine-grained analyses of the Stop-Signal Task and another putative measure of behavioral inhibition, the Gordon Continuous Performance Test (G-CPT), in a large sample of children and adolescents. The inhibition theory posits that performance on these tasks reflects increased difficulties for AD/HD participants to inhibit prepotent responses. The model predicts that putative stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) group differences on the Stop-Signal Task will be primarily related to AD/HD participants requiring more warning than control participants to inhibit to the stop-signal and emphasizes the relative importance of commission errors, particularly "impulsive" type commissions, over other error types on the G-CPT. The state regulation theory, on the other hand, proposes response variability due to difficulties maintaining an optimal state of arousal as the primary deficit in AD/HD. This model predicts that SSRT differences will be more attributable to slower and/or more variable reaction time (RT) in the AD/HD group, as opposed to reflecting inhibitory deficits. State regulation assumptions also emphasize the relative importance of omission errors and "slow processing" type commissions over other error types on the G-CPT. Overall, results of Stop-Signal Task analyses were more supportive of state regulation predictions and showed that greater response variability (i.e., SDRT) in the AD/HD group was not reducible to slow mean reaction time (MRT) and that response variability made a larger contribution to increased SSRT in the AD/HD group than inhibitory processes. Examined further, ex-Gaussian analyses of Stop-Signal Task go-trial RT distributions revealed that increased variability in the AD/HD group was not due solely to a few excessively long RTs in the tail of the AD/HD distribution (i.e., tau), but rather indicated the importance of response variability throughout AD/HD group performance on the Stop-Signal Task, as well as the notable sensitivity of ex-Gaussian analyses to variability in data screening procedures. Results of G-CPT analyses indicated some support for the inhibition model, although error type analyses failed to further differentiate the theories. Finally, inclusion of primary variables of interest in exploratory factor analysis with other neurocognitive predictors of AD/HD indicated response variability as a separable construct and further supported its role in Stop-Signal Task performance. Response variability did not, however, make a unique contribution to the prediction of AD/HD symptoms beyond measures of motor processing speed in multiple deficit regression analyses. Results have implications for the interpretation of the processes reflected in widely-used variables in the AD/HD literature, as well as for the theoretical understanding of AD/HD.

Jamaica, 1763 (Image 2 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: This map of the island of Jamaica; laid down from the papers and under the direction of Henry Moore, Esqr.; His Majesty's Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief of that island, in the years 1756, 57, 58, 59, 60 & 61; & from a great number of actual surveys performed by the publishers is humbly inscribed by his lordship's most obedient & most humble servants, Thos. Craskell, engineer, Jas. Simpson, surveyor. It was published by D. Fournier in 1763. Scale [ca 1:200,000]. This layer is image 2 of 4 total images of the four sheet map, representing the southeast portion of the map. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Jamaica Grid projected coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as towns, villages, and other human settlements, roads, drainage, selected buildings, ground cover, shoreline features, and more. Relief shown pictorially. Includes also illustrations.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

(Table1) Sedimentation rates and age-control points form ODP Hole 152-919A

Planktic d18O and d13C records and point count records of biogenic, volcanic, and nonvolcanic terrigenous [ice-rafted debris (IRD)] sediment components from Hole 919A in the Irminger basin, northern North Atlantic provide a comprehensive dataset from which a paleoceanographic reconstruction for the last 630 kyr has been developed. The paleoceanographic evolution of the Irminger basin during this time contains both long-term patterns and significant developmental steps. One long-term pattern observed is the persistent deposition of hematite-stained ice-rafted debris. This record suggests that the modern and late Pleistocene discharges of icebergs from northern redbed regions to the Irminger Sea lie in the low end of the range observed over the last 630 kyr. In addition, Arctic front fluctuations appear to have been the main controlling factor on the long-term accumulation patterns of IRD and planktic biogenic groups. The Hole 919A sediment record also contains a long-term association between felsic volcanic ash abundances and light d18O excursions in both interglacial and glacial stages, which suggests a causal link between deglaciations and explosive Icelandic eruptions. A significant developmental step in the paleoceanographic reconstruction based on benthic evidence was for diminished supply of Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) beginning at ~380 ka, possibly initiated by the influx of meltwater from broad-scale iceberg discharges along the east Greenland coast. There is also planktic evidence of a two-step cooling of sea surface conditions in the Irminger basin, first at ~338-309 ka and later at ~211-190 ka, after which both glacials and interglacials were colder as the Arctic front migrated southeast of Site 919. In addition to offering these findings, this reconstruction provides a longer-term geologic context for the interpretation of more recent paleoceanographic events and patterns of deposition from this region.

Data compilation of ESOP

The work in this sub-project of ESOP focuses on the advective and convective transforma-tion of water masses in the Greenland Sea and its neighbouring areas. It includes observational work on the sub-mesoscale and analysis of hydrographic data up to the gyre-scale. Observations of active convective plumes were made with a towed chain equipped with up to 80 CTD sensors, giving a horizontal and vertical resolution of the hydrographic fields of a few metres. The observed scales of the penetrative convective plumes compare well with those given by theory. On the mesoscale the structure of homogeneous eddies formed as a result of deep convection was observed and the associated mixing and renewal of the intermediate layers quantified. The relative importance and efficiency of thermal and haline penetrative convection in relation to the surface boundary conditions (heat and salt fluxes and ice cover) and the ambient stratification are studied using the multi year time series of hydro-graphic data in the central Greenland Sea. The modification of the water column of the Greenland Sea gyre through advection from and mixing with water at its rim is assessed on longer time scales. The relative contributions are quantified using modern water mass analysis methods based on inverse techniques. Likewise the convective renewal and the spreading of the Arctic Intermediate Water from its formation area is quantified. The aim is to budget the heat and salt content of the water column, in particular of the low salinity surface layer, and to relate its seasonal and interannual variability to the lateral fluxes and the fluxes at the air-sea-ice interface. This will allow to estimate residence times for the different layers of the Greenland Sea gyre, a quantity important for the description of the Polar Ocean carbon cycle.

Solar radiation over and under sea ice during the POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXVI/3 (TransArc) in summer 2011

Arctic sea ice has declined and become thinner and younger (more seasonal) during the last decade. One consequence of this is that the surface energy budget of the Arctic Ocean is changing. While the role of surface albedo has been studied intensively, it is still widely unknown how much light penetrates through sea ice into the upper ocean, affecting sea-ice mass balance, ecosystems, and geochemical processes. Here we present the first large-scale under-ice light measurements, operating spectral radiometers on a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) under Arctic sea ice in summer. This data set is used to produce an Arctic-wide map of light distribution under summer sea ice. Our results show that transmittance through first-year ice (FYI, 0.11) was almost three times larger than through multi-year ice (MYI, 0.04), and that this is mostly caused by the larger melt-pond coverage of FYI (42 vs. 23%). Also energy absorption was 50% larger in FYI than in MYI. Thus, a continuation of the observed sea-ice changes will increase the amount of light penetrating into the Arctic Ocean, enhancing sea-ice melt and affecting sea-ice and upper-ocean ecosystems.