Sensory intensity assessment of olive oils using an electronic tongue

Olive oils may be commercialized as intense, medium or light, according to the intensity perception of fruitiness, bitterness and pungency attributes, assessed by a sensory panel. In this work, the capability of an electronic tongue to correctly classify olive oils according to the sensory intensity perception levels was evaluated. Cross-sensitivity and non-specific lipid polymeric membranes were used as sensors. The sensor device was firstly tested using quinine monohydrochloride standard solutions. Mean sensitivities of 14±2 to 25±6 mV/decade, depending on the type of plasticizer used in the lipid membranes, were obtained showing the device capability for evaluating bitterness. Then, linear discriminant models based on sub-sets of sensors, selected by a meta-heuristic simulated annealing algorithm, were established enabling to correctly classify 91% of olive oils according to their intensity sensory grade (leave-one-out cross-validation procedure). This capability was further evaluated using a repeated K-fold cross-validation procedure, showing that the electronic tongue allowed an average correct classification of 80% of the olive oils used for internal-validation. So, the electronic tongue can be seen as a taste sensor, allowing differentiating olive oils with different sensory intensities, and could be used as a preliminary, complementary and practical tool for panelists during olive oil sensory analysis.

Constituintes químicos do caule de Protium hebetatuml (Burseraceae)

Protium é um gênero que se destaca na família Burceraceae, compreende cerca de 146 espécies, das quais um pequeno número tem sido estudada do ponto de vista fitoquímico. Neste trabalho, foram isolados os terpenoides α- e β-amirina, os esteroides campesterol, estigmasterol e sitosterol e a cumarina escopoletina, a partir do tronco de Protium hebetatuml. As estruturas destas substâncias foram identificadas por RMN, MS, IV e por comparação com dados espectrais obtidos naa literatura e com amostras autênticas.

Flood pulse and spatial dynamics of mercury in sediments in Puruzinho lake, Brazilian Amazon

The study was conducted in Puruzinho lake (Humaitá, AM) considering seasonal periods of rainy and dry in way to elucidate the flood pulse importance in the deposition, remobilization and distributions of mercury and organic matter in bottom sediments in the Madeira River Basin (Brazilian Amazon). Bottom sediments and soils samples were analyzed for total mercury and organic matter. Mercury concentrations obtained in bottom sediment were 32.20-146.40 ng g-1 and organic matter values were 3.5 - 18.0%. The main region for accumulation of mercury and organic matter was in the central and deepest lake area In the rainy season there was a greater distribution of Hg and organic matter, mainly controlled by means of income of the Madeira river water during flooding, while the predominant process in the dry season was the remobilization of total Hg due to the resuspension of bottom sediments.

Low frequency of TERT promoter mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Somatic mutations in the promoter region of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, mainly at positions c. − 124 and c. − 146 bp, are frequent in several human cancers; yet its presence in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has not been reported to date. Herein, we searched for the presence and clinicopathological association of TERT promoter mutations in genomic DNA from 130 bona fide GISTs. We found TERT promoter mutations in 3.8% (5/130) of GISTs. The c. − 124C4T mutation was the most common event, present in 2.3% (3/130), and the c. − 146C4T mutation in 1.5% (2/130) of GISTs. No significant association was observed between TERT promoter mutation and patient’s clinicopathological features. The present study establishes the low frequency (4%) of TERT promoter mutations in GISTs. Further studies are required to confirm our findings and to elucidate the hypothetical biological and clinical impact of TERT promoter mutation in GIST pathogenesis.

Intensidade de uso de crack de acordo com a classe econômica de usuários internados na cidade de Porto Alegre/Brasil

OBJETIVOS: Investigar se há associação entre intensidade e frequência de uso de crack e o nível econômico de dependentes da droga e verificar se há relação entre classe econômica e intensidade e frequência de uso de crack em homens adultos em internação psiquiátrica. MÉTODO: Estudo transversal quantitativo. Instrumentos: entrevista estruturada, Critérios de Classificação Econômica Brasil e Miniexame do Estado Mental. Tratamento estatístico: análises descritivas e inferenciais (testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis - nível de significância de 5%). RESULTADOS: Duzentos e vinte e um participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: (1) Grupo de maior nível econômico (classes A e B) e (2) Grupo de menor nível econômico (Classes C, D e E). Não houve diferença significativa (p = 0,893 - teste de Mann-Whitney) entre os grupos quanto à intensidade e à frequência de uso de crack. Também não houve relação significativa (p = 0,549 - teste de Kruskal-Wallis) entre classe econômica (A, B, C, D e E) e intensidade e frequência de uso de crack. CONCLUSÃO: Os dependentes de crack de maior e de menor poder aquisitivo não diferiram de forma significativa com relação à intensidade e à frequência de uso da droga. Não houve relação entre classe econômica e intensidade e frequência de uso de crack nesta amostra.

Análise de alterações de uso do solo no Parque Nacional da Peneda-Gerês

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Civil

Intervenção coronária em hospital geral no Piauí

OBJETIVO: Determinar o índice de sucesso e complicações das intervenções coronárias realizadas em hospital geral do Piauí, em um laboratório de hemodinâmica com baixo volume de procedimentos por ano. MÉTODOS: Cento e vinte e dois pacientes, submetidos a 146 procedimentos de intervenção coronária, de agosto/91 a janeiro/98 tiveram seus dados clínicos e angiográficos analisados retrospectivamente. As cineangiocoronariografias e as intervenções foram realizadas em aparelho com sistema de fluoroscopia com câmara e monitor de TV de 525 linhas. As variáveis analisadas foram o sucesso inicial do procedimento (estenose residual <50% e fluxo TIMI III) e as complicações maiores (oclusão aguda, infarto, cirurgia de urgência e óbito). Foram revisados os dados clínicos e as características morfológicas das lesões (ACC/AHA Task Force). RESULTADOS: A média etária foi de 61 anos, variando de 25 a 85, 67% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino, 85% apresentavam síndrome isquêmica aguda (infarto agudo do miocárdio, angina pós infarto ou angina de repouso), 5% apresentavam-se em choque cardiogênico. 88% das lesões eram tipo B. O índice de sucesso imediato foi de 93%. A taxa de complicações maiores (oclusão aguda, cirurgia de urgência, infarto e óbito) foi de 3,5%. CONCLUSÃO: A despeito de um baixo volume de procedimentos por ano e um equipamento de cineangiocoronariografia convencional, o índice de sucesso desta instituição foi excelente em uma população de pacientes diversa e complexa com taxa de complicações semelhante à encontrada na literatura.

A design of experiments to assess phosphorous removal and crystal properties in struvite precipitation of source separated urine using different Mg sources

Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.03.148.

Massage therapy reduces pain in pregnant women, alleviates prenatal depression in both parents and improves their relationships

Prenatally depressed women (N=47) were randomly assigned to a group that received massage twice weekly from their partners from 20 weeks gestation until the end of pregnancy or a control group. Self-reported leg pain, back pain, depression, anxiety and anger decreased more for the massaged pregnant women than for the control group women. In addition, the partners who massaged the pregnant women versus the control group partners reported less depressed mood, anxiety and anger across the course of the massage therapy period. Finally, scores on a relationship questionnaire improved more for both the women and the partners in the massage group. These data suggest that not only mood states but also relationships improve mutually when depressed pregnant women are massaged by their partners.

Flora oder Botanische Zeitung :welche Recensionen, Abhandlungen, Aufsätze, Neuigkeiten und Nachrichten, die Botanik betreffend, enthält /herausgegeben von der Königl. Botanischen Gesellschaft in Regensburg.

v.3:no.1 (1820)

Benefits of exercise training in the treatment of heart failure: study with a control group

OBJECTIVE: Exercise training programs have been proposed as adjuncts to treatment of heart failure. The effects of a 3-month-exercise-training-program with 3 exercise sessions per week were assessed in patients with stable systolic chronic heart failure. METHODS: We studied 24 patients with final left ventricle diastolic diameter of 70±10mm and left ventricular ejection fraction of 37±4%. Mean age was 52±16 years. Twelve patients were assigned to an exercise training group (G1), and 12 patients were assigned to a control group (G2). Patients underwent treadmill testing, before and after exercise training, to assess distance walked, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and double product. RESULTS: In G2 group, before and after 3 months, we observed, respectively distance walked, 623±553 and 561± 460m (ns); peak heart rate, 142±23 and 146± 33b/min (ns); systolic blood pressure, 154±36 and 164±26 mmHg (ns); and double product, 22211± 6454 and 24293±7373 (ns). In G1 group, before and after exercise, we observed: distance walked, 615±394 and 970± 537m (p<0.003) peak heart rate, 143±24 and 143±29b/min (ns); systolic blood pressure, 136±33 and 133±24 mmHg (ns); and double product, 19907± 7323 and 19115±5776, respectively. Comparing the groups, a significant difference existed regarding the variation in the double product, and in distance walked. CONCLUSION: Exercise training programs in patients with heart failure can bring about an improvement in physical capacity.

Risk factors, biochemical markers, and genetic polymorphisms in early coronary artery disease

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk factors, lipid and apolipoprotein profile, hemostasis variables, and polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein AI-CIII gene in early coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Case-control study with 112 patients in each group controlled by sex and age. After clinical evaluation and nutritional instruction, blood samples were collected for biochemical assays and genetic study. RESULTS: Familial history of early CAD (64 vs 39%), arterial hypertension (69 vs 36%), diabetes mellitus (25 vs 3%), and previous smoking (71 vs 46%) were more prevalent in the case group (p<0.001). Hypertension and diabetes were independent risk factors. Early CAD was characterized by higher serum levels of total cholesterol (235 ± 6 vs 209 ± 4 mg/dL), of LDL-c (154 ± 5 vs 135 ± 4 mg/dL), triglycerides (205 ± 12 vs 143 ± 9 mg/dL), and apolipoprotein B (129 ± 3 vs 105 ± 3 mg/dL), and lower serum levels of HDL-c (40 ± 1 vs 46 ± 1 mg/dL) and apolipoprotein AI (134 ± 2 vs 146 ± 2mg/dL) [p<0.01], in addition to an elevation in fibrinogen and D-dimer (p<0.02). The simultaneous presence of the rare alleles of the APO AI-CIII genes in early CAD are associated with hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: Of the classical risk factors, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were independently associated with early CAD. In addition to an unfavorable lipid profile, an increase in the thrombotic risk was identified in this population. An additive effect of the APO AI-CIII genes was observed in triglyceride levels.

Hypertensive diabetic patients: guidelines for conduct and their difficulties

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of blood pressure (BP) control and other cardiovascular risk factors in patients with diabetes mellitus in a referral service for the treatment of hypertension. METHODS: A retrospective study where diabetic patients (at least 2 fasting glucose levels above 126 mg/dL, use of hypoglycemic agents or insulin, or both of these) were included. They were evaluated at the first appointment (M1) and at the last appointment (M2), regarding blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), use of hypertensive drugs, glycemia, total cholesterol (TC), creatinine, and potassium. RESULTS: Of 1,032 patients studied, 146 patients with a mean age of 61.6 years had diabetes, and 27 were men (18.5%). Mean follow-up was 5.5 years. BP values were 161.6 x 99.9 mmHg in M1 and 146.3 x 89.5 mmHg in M2. In M1, 10.4% of the patients did not use medications, 50.6% used just 1 drug, 30.8% used 2 drugs, and 8.2% used 3 or more drugs. In M2, these values were 10.9%, 39%, 39.7%, and 10.4%, respectively. Diuretics were the most commonly used medication, whereas angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) were those drugs which presented greater increase when comparing M1 to M2 (24.6% and 41.7%, respectively). Only 17,1% reached the recommended goal (BP<130x85 mmhg). The other cardiovascular risk factors did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: Our data reinforce the necessity of a more aggressive approach in the treatment of these patients, despite the social and economic difficulties in adhering to treatment.

Educación no formal y Desarrollo regional en la Provincia de Córdoba. Un estudio de las demandas y necesidades de formación para el trabajo 2006-2007

En el contexto actual de cambios sociales, económicos, políticos, culturales y tecnológicos, el sistema de educación no formal de la Provincia de Córdoba enfrenta el desafío de adecuar su enfoque y sus prácticas para poder operar como un verdadero “nexo” entre las personas y el trabajo en pro de un desarrollo regional sustentable. Es por ello, que adquiere significado y relevancia: conocer los perfiles y competencias profesionales/laborales requeridos en cada una de las regiones del territorio jurisdiccional y de ese modo avanzar en la re-definición de las ofertas de formación existente para potenciar el desarrollo productivo. Desde esta perspectiva, este estudio tiene por objetivos identificar, describir y sistematizar las necesidades formativas que requieren el desarrollo regional para generar ofertas educativas no formales o adecuar u optimizar aquellas existentes. El mismo será de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo, desarrollándose en dos instancias: en la primera una investigación bibliográfica y, en la segunda, trabajo de campo focalizado en las regiones socio-productivas de la provincia. La primera aproximación permitirá revisar la literatura y sistematizar de manera organizada, la información existente respecto de la formación profesional y laboral. En cambio, en la segunda pretendemos, a partir de la consulta a personas e instituciones claves, analizar la situación de dicha formación en las distintas regiones de la Provincia de Córdoba desde una perspectiva cuanti-cualitativa. Para ello, se elaborará y aplicará: cuestionarios auto administrado (29 Centros de Desarrollo Regional CeDeR); encuestas (100), entrevistas (30) y se organizarán mesas de trabajo focales regionales (7) de las que participarán informantes claves del sector productivo y educativo con el propósito de conformar un mapa de ofertas y demandas formativas que potencien un desarrollo socio-económico regional sustentable. Ambas miradas, la bibliográfica y de campo, se efectuarán en torno de las siguientes categorías de análisis: a) desarrollo socio-económico regional; b) oferta y demandas de formación profesional y laboral. Se espera como resultado del presente estudio una caracterización socio-cultural y productiva de las regiones, la descripción de la oferta existente y su correspondencia con las demandas de formación profesional y laboral en virtud del desarrollo económico y social a nivel regional y por ende provincial en pro de contribuir en el corto plazo con una vinculación real entre educación y el trabajo socialmente productivo.

Curtis's botanical magazine.

v.146=ser.4:v.16 (1920) [no.8830-8873]