Fakalakalaka : The impact of a Tongan notion of development in a contemporary transnational world

This paper aims to explore a Tongan notion of development ���'fakalakalaka' ��� in light of Western notions of development. Two case studies of international development aid schemes illustrate the impact of Tongan development ideas in practice. Drawing on a number of ethnographers' work on Tonga, 'fakalakalaka' appears broader than the Western notion of development. The latter is characterised by influential ideals of controllability and industrialisation. The notion of development among Tongans, on the other hand, tends to be directed by an underlying persistence that, for instance, reflects Tongan core values regarding social organisation. The production of textile 'koloa', controlled by women, emerges as central to the accomplishment of this three-dimensional development notion of intertwined physical, mental and spiritual aspects. The importance attributed to this specific kind of textile has increased in recent years and found two additional roles, or development strategies, in Tongans' contemporary transnational world.

F��rpackningsproduktion samt studie om hur reumatikerv��nliga f��rpackningar ��r idag

AssiDom��n Fr��vi board mill has in cooperation with students from Graphic Technologyat the University of Dalarna a degree project that involves developing package solutionsin carton material from AssiDom��n Fr��vi. This year the basic condition was to use theweights 270g/m2, 300g/m2 and 330g/m2 and choose between Fr��vi Bright, Fr��vi Lightand Fr��vi Carry.The packages were supposed to be in the segments industrial products,chocolate/sweets and beauty products/cosmetics. Two packages were produced in thesegments industrial products and beauty products/cosmetics.The first package, produced in the industrial segment, contains textile color and templatesand the second package is a gift package and contains nail polish.The investigation part of the project deals with how the packages today are fit forrheumatics in opening purpose.

Grafisk profil till ett f��retag som tillverkar handgjorda textilprodukter av naturmaterial : Hur kan en hemsida kommunicera ett varum��rke?

M��let med detta examensarbete var att skapa en grafisk profil till f��retaget Lyst Form AB som bedriver st��rre delen av sin aff��rsverksamhet via en hemsida. F��retaget s��ljer handgjorda kl��der och accessoarer i lintyg. En teoretisk del i arbetet tar upp hur varum��rket kan kommuniceras genom hemsidan. Den grafiska profilen utformades utifr��n f��retagets identitet. Det ��r viktigt att f��retaget speglas p�� ett korrekt s��tt. Ett f��retags identitet kan beskrivas som organisationens sj��l och den visas ut��t i form av bland annat den grafiska profilen. Denna ses d��rf��r som en viktig identitetsb��rare och den kan kallas f��r den visuella identiteten. En grafisk profil inneh��ller bland annat logotyp, profilf��rger samt typografi. F��retagets m��lgrupp ans��gs vara en viktig del i hela processen eftersom de i slut��ndan ska tilltalas av den grafiska profilen. F��rst gjordes en grundlig unders��kning och research av f��retaget f��r att f�� en god uppfattning av dess identitet. ��ven konkurrenterna granskades. En enk��tunders��kning gjordes f��r att kunna samla information utifr��n m��lgruppens perspektiv. Denna informationsinsamling gav ett bra underlag och en riktlinje i framtagningen av den grafiska profilen. �� Under designprocessens g��ng diskuterades de logotypf��rslag som togs fram med hj��lp av en sammansatt fokusgrupp. Diskussionen var givande och var till stor nytta i designprocessen. Baserat p�� den grafiska profilen skapades en layout f��r hemsidan samt exempel p�� trycksaker f��r att visa hur den kan anv��ndas. En enklare grafisk manual skapades f��r att f��retaget ska kunna synas ut��t p�� ett enhetligt s��tt. En sista enk��tunders��kning gjordes f��r att se om m��let uppn��tts. Resultatet visade att den nya framtagna grafiska profilen var en klar f��rb��ttring j��mf��rt mot den nuvarande sett utifr��n f��retagets identitet. I slut��ndan valde dock f��retaget en annan logotyp. Detta p��visar sv��righeterna i processen att ta fram en grafisk profil. Alla delar i processen ��r viktiga och unders��kningarna ��r bland annat en av de v��sentliga delarna vilka bidrar med en st��rre chans till ett bra slutresultat som tar h��nsyn till b��de f��retagets och m��lgruppens ��sikter.����

O outro lado de c��: hist��rias e mem��rias de Cachoeira da Prata

O principal objetivo dessa disserta����o �� analisar, atrav��s de um estudo caso, como a quest��o do ���preconceito intergrupal��� pode ser percebida no desenvolvimento hist��rico de pequenos munic��pios brasileiros. Escolhendo a hist��ria da mem��ria da cidade de Cachoeira da Prata como objeto central, buscamos discutir como ocorreu o processo de diferencia����o social da pequena comunidade formada pelos descendentes do ex-escravo Nicolau Teixeira do restante da cidade. Para tanto, dividimos a disserta����o em duas partes. A primeira �� formada pelos tr��s primeiros cap��tulos, nos quais apresentamos a vila fabril de Cachoeira de Macacos como o cen��rio, no qual o cel. Am��rico Teixeira �� identificado como o l��der maior de um projeto de dom��nio pol��tico e industrial que deixou marcas duradouras na mem��ria da popula����o mais antiga da cidade. Nesse contexto, buscamos discutir como o fen��meno do p��s-emancipa����o da escravid��o se manifestou na localidade, analisando parte da trajet��ria de vida do ex-escravo Nicolau Teixeira, um leal apoiador do projeto pol��tico do cel. Am��rico, que se tornou, na primeira metade do s��culo XX, o patriarca de uma comunidade criada nas imedia����es da antiga vila fabril. Na segunda parte, composta exclusivamente pelo quarto cap��tulo, discutimos de maneira conjugada, a hist��ria da diferencia����o social da comunidade e diferentes posicionamentos pol��ticos e metodol��gicos que adotamos ao longo da pesquisa. Ap��s essa an��lise, conclu��mos que s�� �� poss��vel entender os meandros do processo que levou os descendentes de Nicolau Teixeira �� condi����o de exclus��o social ap��s perceb��-los como atores capazes de elaborar narrativas e representa����es que auxiliam a popula����o de Cachoeira da Prata a conhecer um ���outro lado��� da hist��ria local.

As mudan��as da cadeia produtiva t��xtil em Valen��a-RJ: das ind��strias do setor de tecidos para o APL do setor de Confec����es

This study shows how the Industrial Cluster of garments in Valen��a, RJ �� comprised of micro and small enterprises �� contributes to overcome the problems left by the declining period of the textile industry. At first, the city took advantage of its talent for textile work and turned to the clothing sector, which now relies on garment factories, subcontractors, cooperatives and laundries in order to create jobs. There is institutional support, but the analysis of the situation identified the need for higher involvement of cluster players, as well as a higher interaction among them to help their own development. In regard to public and private institutions, there is room for steps to guide informal companies that find it difficult to afford labor, financial, and environmental costs towards formalization, the offer of management and labor skill programs, as well as entrepreneurs�� awareness about the acquisition of modern-technology machinery. It is important to encourage higher participation of Valen��a firms in the national fashion events, since this draws attention to the name of the city, discloses the work that is carried out there, and attracts new businesses. The entry of Valen��a companies in the fashion arena of the southern region of Rio de Janeiro state is beneficial, especially to make them better prepared for the Fashion Rio/Fashion Business event. Informality as a way out of the unemployment problem is a growing trend in Valen��a, as well as in most of Brazilian cities. In this sense, the entrepreneurs need to find favorable steps to make them feel motivated to formalize their businesses.

Em quais setores investir nos BRICs?: uma an��lise sob o prisma da organiza����o industrial

Este trabalho analisou 2770 empresas nos BRICs entre 1995 e 2008 para identificar quais os setores mais atrativos para investimento conforme a rela����o risco-retorno, gera����o de valor e a tradi����o da Organiza����o Industrial (IO). Os resultados refor��am os de Fama e French (1992), Mohanram (2005) e Goldszmidt, Brito e Vasconcelos (2007), por��m divergem de World Bank (2008) quanto �� China. Constatou-se que os setores mais atrativos na perspectiva de risco-retorno sobre o patrim��nio l��quido seriam ��leo & g��s na R��ssia e minera����o no Brasil, ��ndia e China, enquanto aqueles com menor atratividade seriam os setores t��xtil, motores, m��quinas & ferramentas e telecomunica����es no Brasil.

O Paternalismo nas organiza����es brasileiras: reflex��es �� luz da an��lise cultural de empresas do p��lo t��xtil de americana

Esta tese procura discutir a atualidade do paternalismo enquanto tra��o cultural das organiza����es brasileiras. Resgatando as ra��zes culturais brasileiras e apoiando-se em trabalhos de fundamenta����o antropol��gica, sociol��gica e psicanal��tica, estabelece uma hip��tese central de que o paternalismo possa ser encontrado hoje, no Brasil, tanto em empresas pequenas, onde predomina o controle de tipo paterno, quanto em empresas maiores e mais complexas, com tend��ncia ao desenvolvimento de um sistema de controle de tipo materno, onde o paternalismo daria origem a uma vers��o abrasileirada deste. Pesquisa de campo de cunho etnogr��fico, realizada em tr��s empresas de portes distintos do P��lo T��xtil de Americana-SP, mostrou ind��cios favor��veis �� hip��tese central, apresentando, todavia, importantes peculiaridades que, ao passo que permitem refin��-la, indicam trilhas para novos estudos. Na empresa de menor porte e complexidade, o paternalismo mostrou-se da maneira mais conhecida, nas pr��ticas ora carinhosas, ora severas dos diretores da empresa. Nas empresas mais complexas, pudemos notar a express��o da a����o dos pais que regulam o gozo dos filhos. A face protetora e a face violenta se revelam na medida em que se d�� ou se restringe acesso ao amor da m��e. Nos tr��s casos estudados, o paternalismo aparece com sua face afetiva predominado significativamente em rela����o �� face violenta, o que parece ser elemento associado ao sucesso experimentado por tais empresas.

Sistemas de controle de vendas no setor t��xtil: um estudo explorat��rio

Esta disserta����o estuda os sistemas de controle de vendas praticados pela ind��stria t��xtil brasileira diante das mudan��as ambientais ocorridas nas ��ltimas duas d��cadas. O pressuposto b��sico para a utiliza����o de sistemas de controle para a equipe de vendas �� que atrav��s deles �� poss��vel dirigir e influenciar as atitudes e os comportamentos dos empregados para conseguir atingir seus objetivos, havendo uma estreita rela����o entre a forma como a ger��ncia comercial monitora, dirige, avalia e recompensa as atividades dos seus vendedores e a efetividade da ��rea comercial, sendo diferenciais decisivos para atender a press��o por competitividade e as exig��ncias do mercado quanto ao posicionamento da equipe comercial frente ao novo cen��rio de neg��cios. Da revis��o te��rica foram levantados os oito principais modelos de sistemas de controle e aspectos importantes que devem ser considerados para a composi����o do sistema de cada empresa. A pesquisa foi conduzida entre os respons��veis por equipes de vendas no segmento t��xtil nos elos onde vendas industriais s��o realizadas. Empregaram-se t��cnicas emp��ricas para o levantamento das freq����ncias de incid��ncia dos aspectos estudados e foi poss��vel constatar que os elos de fibras e filamentos, fia����o, tecelagem, malharia e beneficiamento do segmento t��xtil possuem sistemas de controle pertinentes com as caracter��sticas de venda industrial. Os controles formais est��o ligados a resultados e os controles informais est��o relacionados com o acompanhamento das atividades e capacidades do vendedor. Adicionalmente buscou-se captar a percep����o dos respons��veis por equipes comerciais sobre sua efetividade nos aspectos de volume de vendas, lucratividade, participa����o de mercado e tamb��m satisfa����o do cliente.

A foice, o martelo e outras ferramentas de a����o pol��tica: os trabalhadores rurais e t��xteis de Mag��/RJ (1956-1973)

A presente tese pretende analisar a a����o pol��tica dos trabalhadores rurais e t��xteis do munic��-pio de Mag��, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, entre os anos de 1956 e 1973, com destaque para as atua����es dessas duas categorias em parceria, bem como as suas formas de organiza����o e lutas. Ao considerarmos este munic��pio como um cen��rio privilegiado para se investigar as conex��es entre o rural e urbano ��� tendo em vista que a cidade foi uma pr��diga produtora de alimentos e tornou-se um polo industrial t��xtil ��� nosso intuito ser�� mapear a participa����o dos diversos partidos pol��ticos, lideran��as, grupos e institui����es que dialogavam com esses trabalhadores para al��m do mito da ���foice o e martelo���. Deste modo, buscamos contribuir com os estudos sobre hist��ria do trabalho, enfatizando a articula����o entre as lutas coletivas e as ferramentas de a����o pol��tica utilizadas por esses tecel��es e lavradores, analisados de forma conjunta nesta pesquisa.

Gest��o da cadeia de suprimento e vantagem competitiva: uma an��lise em setores industriais a partir da vis��o relacional

This work has as its main purpose to investigate the contribution of supply chain management in order to obtain competitive advantage by companies from the textile industry and from Cear�� footwear industry, focusing its analysis mainly in the interorganizational relations (dyadic). For this, the theoretical referential contemplates different explanatory streams of the competitive advantage, detaching the relational perception of the resources theory, as well as, the main presuppositions of the supply chain management which culminates with the development of an analysis sample that runs the empirical study; the one which considers an expanded purpose of the supply chain which includes the government and the abetment institutions as institutional environment representatives. Besides supply chain management consideration as a competitive advantage source, the work also tried to identify other possible competitive advantage sources for the companies of the investigated sectors. It represents a study of multiple interpretive cases, having four cases as a total; meaning two cases in each one of the sectors, which used as a primary data collecting instrument a semi-structured interview schedule. Different methods were used for the data analysis, the content analysis and the constant comparison methods, the analytical procedure originated from the grounded theory research strategy, which were applied the Atlas/ti software recourse. Considering the theoretical referential and the used analysis sample, four basic categories of the work were defined, including its respective proprieties and dimensions: (1) characteristics concerning to the relationship with the supplier; (2) the company relations with the government; (3) the company relations with the abetment institutions and; (4) obtaining sources of competitive advantage. In general, the applied research in the footwear sector revealed that in the relationships of the researched companies related to its suppliers, there is a predominance of the partnership system and the main presuppositions of the supply chain management are applied which contributes for the acquisition of the relational competitive advantage; while in the textile sector, only some of these presuppositions are applied, with little contribution for the relational competitive advantage. The main resource which was accessed by the companies in both sectors through its relationships with the government and the abetment institutions are the tax incentives which, for the footwear companies, contribute for the acquisition of the temporary competitive advantage in relation to the contestants who do not own productive installations in the Northeast region, it also conducts to a competitive parity situation in relation to the contestants who own productive installations in the Northeast region and to the external market contestants; while for the companies of the textile sector, the tax incentives run the companies to a competitive parity situation in relation to its contestants. Furthermore, the investigated companies from the two sectors possess acquisition sources of the competitive advantage which collimate with different explanatory streams (industrial analysis, resources theory, Austrian school and the dynamic capabilities theory), although there is a predominance of the product innovation as a competitive advantage source in both sectors, due to the bond of these with the fashion tendencies

Contribui����es da inser����o musical para a qualidade de vida no trabalho em ambiente laboral fabril

The present thesis aimed at understanding how the insertion of music in the work environment contributes to achieving Quality of Work Life. - QWL, under the perspective of biopsychosocial and organizational well-being. As to music insertion we considered the theoretical-empirical perception about how music is inserted at work and its functions on such place. The context where the study was taken was the manufacturing area of a major textile company, located in Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, in which music is used during labor activities. The only study case was the research strategy adopted, with exploratory and descriptive purposes. The primary data were collected through the focus group technique, applied to the collaborator in the manufacturing sector. The semi-structured interview was done as a complementary tool, directed to the supervisor in that sector. Respecting the theoretical saturation criterion, we formed four focus groups, each one composed of eight members randomly selected, among the seventy-six collaborators in the sector. The data were analyzed qualitatively, through the content analysis technique, more specifically the category analysis. We identified twenty-eight QWL attributes. Six of them were found present in the four focus groups and in the interview. Among these ones, the attribute of Interpersonal Relationship at Work, contemplating the Psychological and Organizational dimensions, was the only one anticipated in four out of fifteen theoretical models here listed. The attribute Music at Work Environment could be inserted in the four QWL dimensions, highlighting the power and relevance of this attribute for the research participants. The way music has been inserted in the labor environment contributes to promoting well-being at work, which goes against theoretical conceptions, especially when it comes to musical genre. We identified nine functions of music at work, among which, Improving Work Conditions, Improving Interpersonal Relationship at Work and Favoring Motivation for Work had to be emphasized for being associated to three QWL attributes. In the total, we highlighted seven associations. The most affected QWL dimension through the insertion of music at work was the Psychological one, followed by the Organizational one. We conclude that music insertion provides biological, social and, above all, psychological and organizational well-being to the contributors, thus contributing to obtaining QWL at the labor environment researched. However, we should consider the context and proceed to periodical plans and adjustments in the way of music insertion so as to avoid health and well-being problems to those people at work

Pr��ticas da ti verde que contribuem para o desenvolvimento sustent��vel: um estudo de caso em ind��strias do RN

This dissertation aims to describe the practices of Information Technology Green contributing to sustainable development, in computers and textile industries in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The goal is to understand the importance and contribution of IT Green for sustainable development. The research methodology used involved a survey of the theoretical approach prepared, involving two case studies in industries of Rio Grande do Norte. The analysis was supported by an analysis of content, which allowed the understanding of the phenomenon of the Information Technology Green sustainable development in the case studies. In conclusion, is that the Green Information Technology contributes to sustainable development, even so through incipient aspects that highlight the competitive business with a focus on cost reduction, and efforts in sustainable practices

Avalia����o ecotoxicol��gica de efluentes industriais utilizando Danio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822 (TELEOSTEI, CYPRINIDAE)

The industrial effluents are one of the main sources of water pollution. For an appropriate characterization and control of their discharges, the most efficient strategy is the integrated use of chemical, physical and ecotoxicological analyses. The aims of this study were to asses the efficiency of the treatment plant of a textile industry performing acute toxicity tests and physical-chemical analyses of the effluents before and after the treatment, besides evaluate the toxicity of the effluents of the Treatment System of Liquids Effluents (Sistema de Tratamento de Efluentes L��quidos - SITEL) of Distrito Industrial de Natal (DIN) and some of their physical-chemical variables. The species used in the ecotoxicological tests was the fish Danio rerio. The results showed that the treatment plant reduced significantly (around 50%) the toxicity of the raw textile effluent in only three of the seven tests but, in general, it promoted the reduction of the physical-chemical parameters analyzed. The toxicity and the physical-chemical factors of the effluents of SITEL of DIN varied among the tests and show the importance of monitoring their discharges in the Potengi river, one of the most important rivers of the Rio Grande do Norte state