995 resultados para difficulties for R
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Référence bibliographique : Rol, 57846
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OBJECTIVES: Whether behavioural and emotional maladjustment is more prevalent in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in healthy controls remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess paediatric IBD patients for problems with emotional and behavioural adjustment and to examine associations with clinical and demographic variables. METHODS: Data from paediatric patients with IBD enrolled in the Swiss IBD Cohort Study and the results of both the parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the self-reported Child Depression Inventory (CDI) were analysed. Of the 148 registered patients, 126 had at least one questionnaire completed and were included. RESULTS: The mean age of 71 patients with Crohn's disease (44 males, 27 females) was 13.4 years, and 12.8 years for the 55 patients with ulcerative or indeterminate colitis. The mean duration of disease was 1.2 and 2.7 years, respectively. The total score of the SDQ was abnormal in 11.4% of cases compared to 10% in the normal population. Abnormal sub-scores were found in 20.2% of subjects for the domain of emotional problems and in 17.1% for problems with peers. The total CDI T score indicated a significantly lower prevalence of clinical depression in IBD patients than in normal youth. No correlation between the total SDQ scores or the CDI T scores and gender, type or duration of IBD, inflammatory markers or disease scores was found. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of problems with behavioural and emotional adjustment among Swiss paediatric IBD patients is low and comparable to that of the normal population.
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Implantació ERP SAP R/3 a una organització del sector quÃmic.
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Projecte d'implantació del sistema SAP R/3 que inclou les fases d'anà lisi i de disseny funcional.
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L'objectiu d'aquest TFC és la realització d'un estudi del projecte sobre la implantació d'un sistema de gestió integrat ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) a una empresa fictÃcia del sector cerveser CePe (Cerveses Penedès) d'acord amb els objectius estratègics de l'empresa.
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Projecte d'implantació d'un sistema de gestió ERP SAP R/3.
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Background: The variety of DNA microarray formats and datasets presently available offers an unprecedented opportunity to perform insightful comparisons of heterogeneous data. Cross-species studies, in particular, have the power of identifying conserved, functionally important molecular processes. Validation of discoveries can now often be performed in readily available public data which frequently requires cross-platform studies.Cross-platform and cross-species analyses require matching probes on different microarray formats. This can be achieved using the information in microarray annotations and additional molecular biology databases, such as orthology databases. Although annotations and other biological information are stored using modern database models ( e. g. relational), they are very often distributed and shared as tables in text files, i.e. flat file databases. This common flat database format thus provides a simple and robust solution to flexibly integrate various sources of information and a basis for the combined analysis of heterogeneous gene expression profiles.Results: We provide annotationTools, a Bioconductor-compliant R package to annotate microarray experiments and integrate heterogeneous gene expression profiles using annotation and other molecular biology information available as flat file databases. First, annotationTools contains a specialized set of functions for mining this widely used database format in a systematic manner. It thus offers a straightforward solution for annotating microarray experiments. Second, building on these basic functions and relying on the combination of information from several databases, it provides tools to easily perform cross-species analyses of gene expression data.Here, we present two example applications of annotationTools that are of direct relevance for the analysis of heterogeneous gene expression profiles, namely a cross-platform mapping of probes and a cross-species mapping of orthologous probes using different orthology databases. We also show how to perform an explorative comparison of disease-related transcriptional changes in human patients and in a genetic mouse model.Conclusion: The R package annotationTools provides a simple solution to handle microarray annotation and orthology tables, as well as other flat molecular biology databases. Thereby, it allows easy integration and analysis of heterogeneous microarray experiments across different technological platforms or species.
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La modélisation, chez l'animal, de maladies psychiatriques telles que la schizophrénie repose sur différentes démarches visant à induire des perturbations cérébrales similaires à celles observées dans la maladie. Nous avons cherché à étudier chez le rat les effets d'une diminution (50%) transitoire en glutathion (GSH) durant le développement (PND 5 à PND 16) à partir de l'implication, chez des adultes, des conséquences de cette perturbation dans des mécanismes fondamentaux de traitement de l'information sensorielle. Cette thèse évalue et documente les déficits de compétences de navigation spatiale dans ce modèle. Nous avons mis en évidence des effets comportementaux à partir de l'identification de différences particulières dans des tâches d'orientation: des difficultés, chez les rats ayant subi un déficit en GSH, à élaborer une représentation globale de l'environnement dans lequel ils se déplacent, difficultés compensées par une attention particulière aux détails visuels le composant. Cette stratégie réactive compensatoire est efficace lorsque les conditions permettent un ajustement continu aux repères visuels environnementaux. Elle ne permet cependant pas des prédictions et des attentes sur ce qui devrait être rencontré et perçu dans une certaine direction, dès qu'une partie des informations visuelles familières disparaît. Il faudrait pour cela une capacité fondée sur une représentation abstraite, à distance des modalités sensorielles qui en ont permis son élaboration. Notre thèse soutient que les déficits, supposés participer à l'émergence de certains symptômes de la maladie, auraient également des conséquences sur l'élaboration de la représentation spatiale nécessaire à des capacités d'orientation effectives et symboliques. - The study of a psychiatric disease such as schizophrenia in an animal model relies on different approaches attempting to replicate brain perturbations similar to those observed in the illness. In the present work, behavioural consequences of a functional deficit in brain connectivity and coordination were assessed in rats with a transitory glutathione (GSH) deficit induced during the postnatal development (PND 5-PND 16) with daily injections of BSO (1- buthionine-(S,R)- sulfoximine). We searched for a theoretical syndrome associating ecologically relevant behavioural adaptive deficits and resulting from the weakening of sensory integration processes. Our results revealed significant and specific deficit of BSO treated rats in spatial orientation tasks designed to test for cognitive mapping abilities. Treated rats behaved as if impaired in the proactive strategies supported by an abstract representation such as a cognitive map. In contrast their performances were preserved whenever the environmental conditions allowed for adaptative reactive strategies, an equivalent of the visual affordances described by Gibson (1958). This supports our thesis that BSO treated rats expressed difficulties in elaborating a global representation of the environment. This deficit was completely - or - partially compensated by the development of an increased attention to the environment's visual details. This compensatory reactive strategy requires a rich environment allowing for continuous adjustment to visual cues. However, such adjustment doesn't allow to predictions and expectancies about what should be met and perceived in a certain direction, when familiar visual spatial cues are missing. Such competencies require orientation based on the use of an abstract spatial representation, independent from the specific sensory modalities that have participated to its elaboration. The impairment of BSO rats such spatial representation could result from a deficit in the integration and organization of perceptual information. Our model leads to the hypothesis that these fundamental deficits might account for certain symptoms of schizophrenia. They would also interfere with in the capacity to elaborate spatial representation necessary for optimal orientation in natural, artificial or symbolic environment.
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This naturalistic cross-sectional study explores how and to what extent cannabis dependence was associated with intrapersonal aspects (anxiety, coping styles) and interpersonal aspects of adolescent functioning (school status, family relationships, peer relationships, social life). A convenience sample of 110 adolescents (aged 12 to 19) was recruited and subdivided into two groups (38 with a cannabis dependence and 72 nondependent) according to DSM-IV-TR criteria for cannabis dependence. Participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), the Coping Across Situations Questionnaire (CASQ), and the Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis (ADAD) interview investigating psychosocial and interpersonal problems in an adolescent's life. Factors associated with cannabis dependence were explored with logistic regression analyses. The results indicated that severity of problems in social life and peer relationships (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.21 - 2.33) and avoidantcoping (OR = 4.22, 95% CI = 1.01 - 17.73) were the only discriminatory factors for cannabis dependence. This model correctly classified 84.5% of the adolescents. These findings are partially consistent with the "self-medication hypothesis" and underlined the importance of peer relationships and dysfunctional coping strategies in cannabis dependence in adolescence. Limitations of the study and implications for clinical work with adolescents are discussed.
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Measurement of arterial input function is a restrictive aspect for quantitative (18)F-FDG PET studies in rodents because of their small total blood volume and the related difficulties in withdrawing blood.
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L’actual document és el resultat final d’un treball engegat l’any 2009 per la comunitat de prà ctica dels Psicòlegs dels equips d’assessorament tècnic penal arran de la implementació progressiva del programa Compartim, de gestió del coneixement al Departament de JustÃcia. És en aquest marc de treball col·laboratiu que els psicòlegs dels equips d’assessorament tècnic penal vam decidir que el contingut del producte de coneixement a elaborar havia de centrar-se en una tasca en què tots i totes ens hi sentÃssim vinculats i motivats perquè respongués a una necessitat tècnica important: l’anà lisi de la credibilitat dels testimonis en violència de gènere atesa l’increment demanda per part dels òrgans judicials sobre el testimoni en violència de gènere, des de la creació l’any 2004 del Jutjat de Violència vers la Dona. Aixà és en aquest camp en què decidim, l’any 2009, fer un pas endavant i analitzar en profunditat les tècniques que hi ha actualment sobre l’anà lisi de la credibilitat del testimoni adult en violència de gènere per tal de valorar la seva possible eficà cia i la seva posterior administració mitjançant la revisió de la Guia d’avaluació del testimoni en violència de gènere, instrument de Juárez, J.R., Mateu, A. i Sala, E. el 2007 (publicat pel CEJFE, Departament de JustÃcia, 2007). Ja el novembre de 2010 publicà vem un primer estudi on es presentaven unes primeres conclusions fetes arran de la revisió de la Guia d’avaluació del testimoni en violència de gènere esmentada. Després d’aquests 3 anys, a hores d’ara ja estem en disposició de poder presentar els resultats d’un treball que, independentment dels seus resultats, de la seva futura aplicació i de la seves possibles repercussions en l’à mbit de la justÃcia, volem remarcar que és fruit d’un treball conjunt, col·laboratiu i cooperatiu, fruit del debat, de l’intercanvi de coneixements, de la reflexió i de l’optimització tècnica de professionals especialitzats en l’à mbit com són el conjunt dels psicòlegs dels equips d’assessorament tècnic penal de Catalunya. Aixà en aquest espai s’ha aconseguit el que ja s’havia iniciat a l’anterior estudi: convertir el coneixement implÃcit en explÃcit, l’informal en formal, de privat a públic, en definitiva socialitzar i compartir el coneixement dels membres individuals de la comunitat per tal de poder dotar la nostra organització d’un patrimoni intel·lectual col·lectiu de més qualitat i, finalment, poder donar un millor servei públic des de la globalitat del territori. D’aquesta manera, i en la mateixa lÃnia de treball, des de la publicació de l’anterior estudi (novembre 2010) i fins ara, es va continuar amb l’ampliació de la mostra incrementat aquesta de 31 a 83 casos cosa que ja ens permet amb més seguretat dibuixar un perfil sociodemogrà fic, psicològic i del testimoni en casos de violència de gènere sobre els quals els òrgans judicials demanen pericials psicològiques de la denunciant.