Bases para la estandarización y valoración nutricional del salmorejo cordobés: estudio sobre el salmorejo en los establecimientos de restauración de Córdoba

Introducción: el salmorejo cordobés está tomando fama a nivel nacional y reconocimiento internacional. Sin embargo, son muy diversas las formas de elaborarlo y, por tanto, las propiedades organolépticas y nutricionales del plato. Material y métodos: con la intención de realizar una estandarización del salmorejo y forma de elaboración que permita una posterior protección de su identidad, así como su caracterización nutricional, se ha realizado una encuesta sobre el 83% de los establecimientos de restauración de Córdoba (excluidos barrios periféricos y zona industrial) para indagar su forma de elaborarlo, en cuanto a denominación, ingredientes, preparación, precio, etc., mediante una encuesta administrada personalmente con 55 preguntas en 6 apartados. Resultado: el resultado ha sido que sólo un 21% de los establecimientos utiliza la denominación "salmorejo cordobés". Los ingredientes usados de forma sistemática se ajustan estadísticamente a una propuesta previa de sistematización y valoración nutricional, basada en datos bibliográficos y difundida en más de 50 idiomas, que corresponde a: 1.000 g de tomate, 200 g de pan de telera, 100 g de aceite de oliva virgen extra, 5 g de ajo de Montalbán y 10 g de sal. Esto corresponde por 100 g de producto a 117,4 kcal, 1,8 g de proteínas, 8,1 g de lípidos, 9,9 g de carbohidratos, 1,2 g de fibra y 380,7 mg de sodio. Como ingredientes extra minoritariamente se usa el vinagre (18% de las encuestas) y como guarnición de forma mayoritaria, taquitos de jamón y huevo duro, en tanto que algo más de un 25% añade un chorro de aceite sobre el producto terminado. Se elabora principalmente mediante vaso batidor o Termomix, siendo la receta usada de forma mayoritaria de origen familiar. Si bien se ha considerado tradicionalmente un plato estival, un 78% de establecimientos lo tienen todo el año. El 94% de los establecimientos lo consideran entre los diez platos más consumidos, y para el 18% es el más consumido del establecimiento. No existe relación entre la cantidad de salmorejo servido con el precio del plato, siendo este último acorde a los demás precios de cada establecimiento. Conclusiones: con estos datos y los previos obtenidos por medios bibliográficos se está en condiciones de estandarizar el salmorejo cordobés, tanto para un posible amparo de denominación protegida como para establecer un valor nutricional que pueda ser recogido en bases de datos composicionales y software nutricional, para la evaluación de encuestas o elaboración de dietas.

Tributo de Mayo a la Virgen de la Universidad

Contiene poesía de Antonio Borrero Vega a la Virgen de Paucarbamba

Recuerdo de la fiesta celebrada en honor de la Santísima Virgen Inmaculada

Cuenca

Un mito de la sociedad costarricense: el culto a la Virgen de los Ángeles

Introducción Dentro de la mentalidad religiosa de los costarricenses durante el periodo estudiado, el culto a la Virgen de los Ángeles ocupa un lugar primordial. En este artículo se analiza la manipulación política de este hecho mítico por distintos grupos sociales, y la manera en que las clases subalternas han practicado una serie de manifestaciones fetichistas, que se enfocarán aquí como un subproducto religioso.

The obesity-associated polymorphisms FTO rs9939609 and MC4R rs17782313 and endometrial cancer risk in non-Hispanic white women

Overweight and obesity are strongly associated with endometrial cancer. Several independent genome-wide association studies recently identified two common polymorphisms, FTO rs9939609 and MC4R rs17782313, that are linked to increased body weight and obesity. We examined the association of FTO rs9939609 and MC4R rs17782313 with endometrial cancer risk in a pooled analysis of nine case-control studies within the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium (E2C2). This analysis included 3601 non-Hispanic white women with histologically-confirmed endometrial carcinoma and 5275 frequency-matched controls. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess the relation of FTO rs9939609 and MC4R rs17782313 genotypes to the risk of endometrial cancer. Among control women, both the FTO rs9939609 A and MC4R rs17782313 C alleles were associated with a 16% increased risk of being overweight (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). In case-control analyses, carriers of the FTO rs9939609 AA genotype were at increased risk of endometrial carcinoma compared to women with the TT genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 1.17; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.32, p = 0.01]. However, this association was no longer apparent after adjusting for body mass index (BMI), suggesting mediation of the gene-disease effect through body weight. The MC4R rs17782313 polymorphism was not related to endometrial cancer risk (per allele OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.91–1.06; p = 0.68). FTO rs9939609 is a susceptibility marker for white non-Hispanic women at higher risk of endometrial cancer. Although FTO rs9939609 alone might have limited clinical or public health significance for identifying women at high risk for endometrial cancer beyond that of excess body weight, further investigation of obesity-related genetic markers might help to identify the pathways that influence endometrial carcinogenesis.

Evidence for carbonate platform failure during rapid sea-level rise; ca 14 000 year old bioclastic flow deposits in the Lesser Antilles

Bioclastic flow deposits offshore from the Soufrie`re Hills volcano on Montserrat in the Lesser Antilles were deposited by the largest volume sediment flows near this active volcano in the last 26 kyr. The volume of these deposits exceeds that of the largest historic volcanic dome collapse in the world, which occurred on Montserrat in 2003. These flows were most probably generated by a large submarine slope failure of the carbonate shelf comprising the south west flank of Antigua or the east flank of Redonda; adjacent islands that are not volcanically active. The bioclastic flow deposits are relatively coarse-grained and either ungraded or poorly graded, and were deposited by non cohesive debris flow and high density turbidity currents. The bioclastic deposit often comprises multiple sub-units that cannot be correlated between core sites; some located just 2 km apart. Multiple sub-units in the bioclastic deposit result from either flow reflection, stacking of multiple debris flow lobes, and/or multi-stage collapse of the initial landslide. This study provides unusually precise constraints on the age of this mass flow event that occurred at ca 14 ka. Few large submarine landslides have been well dated, but the slope failures that have been dated are commonly associated with periods of rapid sea-level change.

Eruption of Soufrière Hills (1995–2009) from an offshore perspective : insights from repeated swath bathymetry surveys

This contribution provides an analysis of the 1995–2009 eruptive period of Soufrière Hills volcano (Montserrat) from a unique offshore perspective. The methodology is based on five repeated swath bathymetric surveys. The difference between the 2009 and 1999 bathymetry suggests that at least 395 Mm3 of material has entered the sea. This proximal deposit reaches 95 m thick and extends ∼7km from shore. However, the difference map does not include either the finer distal part of the submarine deposit or the submarine part of the delta close to the shoreline. We took both contributions into account by using additional information such as that from marine sediment cores. By March 2009, at least 65% of the material erupted throughout the eruption has been deposited into the sea. This work provides an excellent basis for assessing the future activity of the Soufrière Hills volcano (including potential collapse), and other volcanoes on small islands.

Caribbean copyright showdown

The tiny Caribbean island of Antigua doesn’t make the news very often. Located 1800 kilometres east of Miami, just north of Montserrat, it is best known as a holiday destination for well-heeled Europeans and celebrities with private yachts. Now it is in the headlines for an unexpected reason...

Submarine record of volcanic island construction and collapse in the Lesser Antilles arc: First scientific drilling of submarine volcanic island landslides by IODP Expedition 340

IODP Expedition 340 successfully drilled a series of sites offshore Montserrat, Martinique and Dominica in the Lesser Antilles from March to April 2012. These are among the few drill sites gathered around volcanic islands, and the first scientific drilling of large and likely tsunamigenic volcanic island-arc landslide deposits. These cores provide evidence and tests of previous hypotheses for the composition and origin of those deposits. Sites U1394, U1399, and U1400 that penetrated landslide deposits recovered exclusively seafloor sediment, comprising mainly turbidites and hemipelagic deposits, and lacked debris avalanche deposits. This supports the concepts that i/ volcanic debris avalanches tend to stop at the slope break, and ii/ widespread and voluminous failures of preexisting low-gradient seafloor sediment can be triggered by initial emplacement of material from the volcano. Offshore Martinique (U1399 and 1400), the landslide deposits comprised blocks of parallel strata that were tilted or microfaulted, sometimes separated by intervals of homogenized sediment (intense shearing), while Site U1394 offshore Montserrat penetrated a flat-lying block of intact strata. The most likely mechanism for generating these large-scale seafloor sediment failures appears to be propagation of a decollement from proximal areas loaded and incised by a volcanic debris avalanche. These results have implications for the magnitude of tsunami generation. Under some conditions, volcanic island landslide deposits composed of mainly seafloor sediment will tend to form smaller magnitude tsunamis than equivalent volumes of subaerial block-rich mass flows rapidly entering water. Expedition 340 also successfully drilled sites to access the undisturbed record of eruption fallout layers intercalated with marine sediment which provide an outstanding high-resolution data set to analyze eruption and landslides cycles, improve understanding of magmatic evolution as well as offshore sedimentation processes.

Teología, 1981, Tomo XVIII nº 037 (número completo)

La Virgen María en el Nuevo Testamento. Aspectos del Evangelio de san Lucas / Luis Heriberto Rivas -- El lugar de María en el discurso cristológico de san Anselmo de Canterbury / Eduardo Briancesco -- Notas sobre el II Concilio Provincial de Lima (1582-1583). Segunda parte: El laicado español / Armando Pedro Ferreccio -- Resonancias marianas en los catecismos hispanoamericanos del siglo XVI / Juan Guillermo Durán -- Culto divino y normas litúrgicas en el III Concilio Provincial de Lima (1582-1583) / Fernando María Bargalló -- El fresco de Daniel en la fosa de los leones en la “capella greca” / Eugenio Guasta -- San Benito y la teología de la vida religiosa / Eduardo Ghiotto -- Encuentro de teología mariana: Documento final -- Notas bibliográficas -- Libros recibidos