Human identification by means of conventional and digital Cheiloscopy: a study of the literature

One of the areas of human identification is Cheiloscopy, the name given to the study of the lips, their characteristics (such as thickness, position of the grooves and grooves) and the record of the impressions left by them. There are variations in the layout of the lines and fissures of the lips, which are unique to each individual, permanent and unchanging. The lip print rarely changes, enduring minor traumas such as inflammation or sores. In criminal investigations, lip prints, visible through the presence of lipstick, can be found on glasses, napkins, clothes, cigarettes, indicating a relationship between the subject and the scene of the crime. Latent impressions may be revealed employing specific chemicals such as powder of silver and aluminum nitrate. Although it is not a very common method, Cheiloscopy may become very useful in forensics due to the extensive amount of valuable information that it brings. The objective of this study was to review the literature on the use of Cheiloscopy in human identification, using traditional and digital methods. It was found that the literature is still in need of studies in this area. The advent of new digital technologies can facilitate the implementation of technical expertise, generating speed and objectivity. New research studies are necessary, especially in the development of digital methods. The application of Cheiloscopy can greatlyhelp with Law, in the identification of living suspects and dead individuals. In the end the benefit will fall to society as a whole.

Estimativa da altura por dimensões dentárias: uma revisão da literatura

The knowledge of Forensic Anthropology is very importance in cases of identification of human remains. One phase of this process is the study of human height, which can be accomplished with relative ease when intact corpses, complete skeletons or long bones are available. However, the experience of Forensic Dentistry is essential in situations in which there is only information of the skull or of the teeth. The objective of this study was to review in the literature and evaluate works concerning the estimate of the height calculated from dental dimensions. Carrea, in 1920, proposed the estimation of the probable height of an individual by developing formulas for maximum and minimum heights from measurements of the lower central and lateral incisors and canines. The method was used in the case "Josef Mengele", to complement estimates. Tested in the Brazilian population, 70% of match between the actual and the estimated stature were obtained. Using more precise instruments, in the modified method, 96% of correct matching were verified. Recently, a new formula was introduced to estimate height, from measurements of upper teeth, because the technique cannot be used when jaw is not available. The correlation between height and dental dimensions is demonstrated. However, there is still a lack in scientific literature in this field, and further studies are necessary. The estimate of height from dental dimensions can be very useful and important, especially in situations where the complete skeleton it not found, and long bones are not available.

Violence against children and adolescents: the importance of knowledge of the spectrum of bruise colors in its diagnosis

Introduction: One of the violence types more observed against children is the physical abuse, which produces many types of traumatic injuries. Contusions are common trauma signs and may indicate aggression when frequently present in locations where accidental injuries are rare. Contusions in skin undergo color changes with the passage of time, and such change in color is called “spectrum of bruise colors of Legrand du Saulle”. Thus, it is possible to estimate the age of the lesion based on the evaluation of color. Injuries caused by child abuse often reach regions of head, face and neck, because they are exposed and easily accessible. Therefore, the dentist is responsible with regard to the diagnosis and the actions to be undertaken against the cases of child abuse. Objective: To present and discuss the significance of the spectrum of bruise colors as a considerable visible trace in suspicion of violence against children and adolescents, during dentists’ clinical routine. Literature review: The study of the “spectrum of bruise colors of Legrand du Saulle” refers to the estimation of the age of the injury, in respect to the color change. The application of this study is of great value for identify if a lesion occurred from a single incident or from multiple incidents, especially in cases where it occurs in the same region of the body, indicative of repetitive trauma. Conclusion: The spectrum of bruise colors is very important for health professionals, such as dentists, for the identification or suspicion of cases of abuse against children and adolescents. As great part of the lesions originated of abuse involve the areas of head and neck, it is unacceptable that these professionals are unaware of the basic signs to help in early diagnosis, which is the case of the colors of the lesions. However, concerning the chronology of the spectrum of bruise colors, it is not possible to establish rigorous times.

Aplicação do método Phitoscreening para determinação de hidrocarbonetos clorados no município de Porto Feliz - SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Degradação química e fotoquímica do organofosforado paraoxona

Pós-graduação em Química - IBILCE

Degradação do herbicida diuron por bactérias isoladas de solos de cultura de cana-de-açúcar e avaliação da toxidade dos metabolitos gerados sobre peixes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo das alterações bioquímicas em sangue e diferentes órgãos de Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812) (Testudines: Chelidae) coletados em ambiente contaminado ou expostos ao benzo[a]pireno

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biomarcadores de exposição e efeito para avaliação dos efeitos da atrazina a distintos níveis em girinos de anuros neotropicais

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Efeitos bioquímicos de contaminação em girinos de Eupemphix nattereri expostos a solos contendo o agrotóxico fipronil e seus produtos de degradação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do estresse oxidativo e atividade da δ-aminolevulínico desidratase em tecidos de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) exposta a chumbo e benzo[a]pireno

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Avaliação do potencial de degradação do herbicida diuron por fungos isolados de solo de canavial e suas tolerâncias aos metabólitos gerados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do uso profilático de omeprazol em pacientes internados no hospital estadual Américo Brasiliense

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A problemática trazida pelos bancos de perfis genéticos criminais no Brasil

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

Criptorquidia e exposição in utero ao di(n-butil)-ftalato e à acrilamida: avaliação morfológica do dano testicular

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos de perfurações artificiais no processo de decomposição em Sus Scrofa (L.) e confecção de uma check-list da entomofauna de Diptera visitante, durante inverno e verão, na região sudeste

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)