O tempo das brincadeiras : memória, turismo e tradição em Barra do Camaratuba PB

Barra do Camaratuba belongs to Mataraca city, nearby the boarder between Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte states. It was the chosen community to develop this research, objectifying to study the set of practical of the cultural manifestations and the implications of the local tourist activity, considering the cultural dynamics. We tried to reconstruct stories from the narratives of the oldest inhabitants, natives, among others that they had lived, some how, individual and collective experiences related to the popular tricks and the traditional parties, considering what they speak and imagine about their experiences and its culture. The Lapinha, the Pastoril, the viola s songs, the Balls of Concertina, the João Redondo, the Ox of Kings, the wheel of Coconut were common practical perceivable through the communitarian bonds. Among these manifestations, the only one that resisted for a longer time was the wheel coconut. The São Pedro s fest is another popular manifestation that appears on the current scene like the padroeiro party, while others cultural practical compose the spectacle s scenery. These questions cover many of the narratives of the interviewed ones in the interlaced thing between memory, tourism and tradition. Therefore, we tried to build our research from the memory, participant observation, orality, techniques of the life history, personal depositions, among others basic methods for the reconstruction of a collective memory . Speaking about the past of Barra do Camaratuba is to live again the parties, the blood relations, the terço , the work in the roçados , in the flour house, the fishing, the leisure and the habits of the daily life. In this community, there is the presence of conflicts of social and cultural order, caused for the hegemonic classes that sponsor the parties. In the padroeiro party we perceive that the mercantile logic has started, very recently, to transform the religious factor into an excuse to put into motion the local economy. This way, a community originated from artisan fishers and agriculturists, having the fishing practical as a way of subsistence and the tricks as a reference, they had started to compose a new social picture with the arrival of the others and with the presumption and recent tourist development. We perceive social, environmental and cultural impact transformations, exemplified by a non planned activity or a predatory tourism. The changes will always be pointed and compared with other passing in a sphere of relations lived by the natives, local players and fishers

Influência do armazenamento de ramas para plantio em algumas características agronômicas da mandioca

Nas condições do Estado de São Paulo é freqüente o armazenamento de ramas de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) para aguardar a melhor oportunidade de efetuar o plantio. Utilizam-se os sistemas de empilhamento horizontal e vertical, sendo mais comum o primeiro. Raramente, empregam-se ramas recém-colhidas para plantio. 0 presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o efeito do material de plantio em alguns parâmetros fitotécnicos da cultura, em função dos diferentes estádios fisiológicos causados pelo armazenamento ou não das ramas. Num esquema fatorial de 2 x 3, em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições, utilizaram-se dois cultivares - IAC 12-829 e SRT 1287-Fibra, de alta e baixa capacidade de ramificação respectivamente - e três tipos de manivas, originárias de ramas recém-colhidas e de ramas conservadas por 105 dias nos sistemas de empilhamento horizontal e vertical. O experimento foi desenvolvido no ano agrícola 1991/92, na Estação Experimental do Vale do Paranapanema (IAC), Assis (SP), em latossolo vermelho-escuro, álico, textura média. Os resultados mais relevantes mostraram que: (a) O armazenamento de ramas em pilhas horizontais provocou aumento no número de hastes primárias dos dois cultivares e aumentou o peso da parte aérea do SRT 1287-Fibra; (b) O SRT 1287-Fibra foi mais influenciado pelo armazenamento da rama na posição horizontal que o IAC 12-829; (c) Este, em média, foi superior na produção de raízes, não diferindo, entretanto, do primeiro quando as manivas provinham de ramas armazenadas na posição horizontal; (d) As ramas procedentes do armazenamento na posição vertical comportaram-se similarmente às não armazenadas.

Um tempo para Pandora brincar: etnografia acerca do tempo de lazer das operárias

The aim of this paper was to understand women s time as seen through the experiences of the women workers of Sobral-CE, who build free time and leisure time through the subjectivity of their histories as delineated by an everyday life as full of work as it is empty of leisure. The approach used here is an ethnographic one, through participative observation and narratives of working and leisure experiences. These workers everyday life reveals itself in the construction of their leisure time as related to their time of drudgery, in public as well as in private spaces. The responsibility of working away from home, as well as of carrying through domestic chores and of devoting themselves to their husband and their children was imposed upon women in a manipulative manner. This fact deprived women of their possibility of practicing and enjoying leisure activities. With the coming of the so called triple working day, women began organizing new strategies to elaborate, to organize, to create and to turn leisure activities possible. The interpretation of the trajectories of the lives of twenty women workers of a shoe plant in Sobral-CE was realized by the means of an ethnographic study. The thesis consists of the analysis of the construction of social times and of leisure practices, in a context interpenetrated by the cultural conditionings of much work and economic difficulties. The aim of the study was to understand how the women workers of Sobral-CE construct their practices and representations about free time and leisure in the web of sociabilities (possibilities, necessities, dilemmas and dreams). Everyday life is here defined as an ontological dimension of human life. Hence, it does not limit itself to the rituals, the celebrations or the exceptional conditions usually discussed by researchers

Direito fundamental ao tempo razoável do processo judicial: limites e possibilidades de concretização no ordenamento jurídico pátrio

This dissertation aims to address the limits and possibilities of realizing the fundamental right to reasonable time of the Brazilian legal system process. From this perspective, we analyze a reasonable time concept for the process, consistent with the civil homeland process; the relationship between efficiency, effectiveness, legal security and reasonable time of adjudication; a formal recognition of the fundamental right to reasonable time of the procedure in the Constitution of 1988; and the immediate applicability of this fundamental right. As indicated, the crisis of the Judiciary and procedural delay are problems directly related to the limits and possibilities of realization of the fundamental right under study. Moreover, we also present some mechanisms that can be used to overcome these problems. The subject was developed based on constitutional interpretation of fundamental rights, an approach that will always have this concern to be based on a methodology which includes the normative and empirical-dogmatic fields, realizing the fundamental right to reasonable time of the process. We adopted as methodological approach the study of this issue in judicial aspect, more specifically in the field of civil procedure. Finally, we weave through a critical and analytical view, our conclusions, which demonstrate the possibilities of overcoming the limits imposed to immediate implementation of the fundamental right to reasonable time of the process in our legal system

Estudo da papila mamária em fêmeas bovinas (Bos taurus - Linnaeus, 1758), mediante as características ultra-sonográficas em modo-B (tempo real)

Nesta pesquisa foram utilizadas vinte fêmeas bovinas, sem patologias aparentes nas glândulas mamárias, em lactação, objetivando avaliar estruturas anatômicas das papilas mamárias. Quatro técnicas ultra-sonográficas foram avaliadas. Utilizou-se transdutor linear de 7,5 MHz para uso endoretal, na obtenção das imagens, padronizando-se o lado direito do animal para visualização das papilas craniais e caudais, em dois planos anatômicos (sagital e transversal). Os animais foram divididos em quatro grupos (G1, G2, G3, G4) que representaram as diferentes técnicas empregadas em momentos distintos (antes e após ordenha). Os resultados indicaram que entre as técnicas estudadas, as de exame direto e com uso de almofadada de silicone, foram as que apresentaram maior aplicabilidade, quando considerada a sua facilidade de uso na rotina com complementação do exame clinico. Entretanto, pólipos e cálculos lácteos tem sua extensão e localização convenientemente visibilizados mediante uso da técnica de pressão de liquido. Já a técnica de imersão em água, mostrou-se mais eficiente quanto à qualidade das imagens obtidas e na caracterização das estruturas anatômicas. O experimento realizado, traz subsídios anatomo-topográfico que irão contribuir com a qualidade do diagnóstico em pacientes que possam ter indicação cirúrgica (telotomia) e levanta questões que poderão ser respondidas conforme a casuística e a experiência consolidada do cirurgião.

Desenvolvimento de Oligonychus ilicis em Coffea canephora sob diferentes temperaturas

Oligonychus ilicis (McGregor) (Acari) (Tetranychidae) é uma das principais pragas de Coffea canephora Pierre & Froehner. Neste trabalho, avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes temperaturas no desenvolvimento desse ácaro-vermelho em folhas de C. canephora, em laboratório. Confinaram-se 80 fêmeas em 40 arenas, constituídas de disco foliar de 4 cm, para oviposição nas temperaturas de 21, 24, 27, 30 e 33 ºC. Foram selecionados ao acaso pelo menos dois ovos para avaliar o desenvolvimento embrionário. Após a eclosão da larva, foram realizadas avaliações a cada 12 horas para obtenção da duração e sobrevivência larval. Para avaliar a longevidade foi transferido um ácaro macho da criação para as arenas com uma fêmea para acasalamento. O limite térmico de desenvolvimento inferior e a constante térmica foram determinados para a duração do desenvolvimento de ovo a adulto. O tempo de desenvolvimento das fases imaturas diminuiu com o aumento da temperatura. As fases de ovo, larva, protocrisálida, protoninfa, deutocrisálida, deutoninfa e teleiocrisálida variaram, respectivamente, de 10,4 a 4,3; 2,4 a 1,2; 2,0 a 1,0; 2,3 a 1,2; 1,9 a 1,0; 3,0 a 1,5 e 2,3 a 1,0 dias. O aumento da temperatura afetou o período de desenvolvimento, reduzindo a duração de ovo-adulto e a longevidade. O limite térmico inferior foi de 9,0 ºC para o período de ovo-adulto e constante térmica de 256,4 graus-dias. em condições de laboratório, a faixa de temperatura que favorece o desenvolvimento do ácaro em C. canephora foi de 24 a 30 ºC. O limite térmico inferior não é limitante para ocorrência de O. ilicis em áreas cultivadas com C. canephora no estado do Espírito Santo.

Associação do óleo de mamona com Beauveria bassiana no controle da traça-das-crucíferas

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência, a estabilidade, a forma de aplicação e a compatibilidade do óleo de mamona com o fungo entomopatogênico Beauveria bassiana no controle da traça-das-crucíferas, Plutella xylostella. No primeiro experimento, foram avaliadas a eficiência, a estabilidade após 70 dias de armazenamento e a forma de aplicação do óleo de mamona. No segundo experimento, foi avaliada a compatibilidade do óleo de mamona com B. bassiana. A atividade inseticida do óleo de mamona é instável ao longo do tempo. O óleo de mamona é compatível com B. bassiana no controle de P. xylostella.

A Formação de Padres no Nordeste do Brasil (1894-1933)

The Nossa Senhora da Conceição Seminary, installed in 1894, by Dom Adauto Aurélio de Miranda Henriques, first Paraíba Bishop, and the Episcopal Seminary of the Sagrado Coração de Jesus, implanted in 1913, by Dom José Thomas Gomes da Silva, first Aracaju s Bishop diocese, were created as a result of lack of an official religious process proposed by the Brazilian Republic Proclamation, in 1889. With the appoint to enlarge the number of priests and change the image of the priest married and unrolled who used to identify the Catholic Church in the colonial and imperial Brazil. Such bishops developed into intellectuals in the government, dioceses and formation priest houses. I take as a study object, for this doctorate paper, the academic formation and priesthood developed in theses seminaries, from 1894 to 1933, once 1894 the year of João Pessoa Creation Seminar that was implied the Minor Course (preparation) and the Major one (built by Philosophy and God related studies) and the research limit year of 1933, is concerned about the Major Sergipe Seminary ending, which was created and has worked offering the Minor and Major courses, from 1913 to 1933. Showing the teaching models that guided and leaded the priest formation, referred as Seminaries, and the application result is the objective of this investigation. To comprehend the teaching models seminaries studied, my research line is the Catholic Church theme and priest formation in Brazil. In front of the object and the objective desired, I chose the historical comparative method and the scholars modals notions of Araujo de Barros (2004) and the Sirinelli intellectuals (1996). Such references allowed me to analyze the formation given in the seminary and seminarian participation and actions, included the sequence after the scholars formation. The thesis defended is that the teaching model developed in the Brazilian Seminaries, created after a non official religious process in the Brazilian government, deal with a model of one unique center (Seminary formation and aim pre arranged by Santa Sé), although adapted, presuming the local reality and formation structure (privileged not only spiritual and moral speaking, but intellectual also), was it responsible for intellectuals generations (teachers priests, educationalist priest, journalists priests and so on) that boost the education in Brazil. During the Republic first three decades, when, in thesis, the Government was becoming free religion, i.e., the government did not subsidize the Church anymore, and the Government, among others aspects, did not received any Church care to help the public teaching in the country. The investigation reveled accede, by bishops and their followers, such as by the Concílio de Trento pre concept, or by the others ideas, leading by the priests formation in Seminaries. By creating and stalling diocese Seminary, Bishop Dom Adauto and Dom José went further their functions, by the time they built inside themselves a teaching model thought from the main pedagogic logic, based on several religious exercises, moral and ethic, considered by themselves several knowledge connected to humanity, philosophy and God related studies). Following clearly rationalism principle (the way of teaching, which each subject has its own teacher and this class get together students with the same knowledge, regardless of age) and efficiency (trying to teach the whole content in each class), the Seminaries researched developed a whole education, allowed the structure of a spiritual education, moral and intellectual, for a quality developed by priests, including different levels that they used to performance. Their bottom line, actions and priest matter achievement allowed their broad fulfillment, in the way that priests matter were associated with cultural, educational, welfare assistance, at last, intellectuals

Exigências térmicas e tabelas de vida de fertilidade de Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em laboratório

Este estudo visou determinar as exigências térmicas do pulgão Myzus persicae (Sulzer), calcular tabelas de vida de fertilidade, e prever a ocorrência de adultos no campo, por meio de modelo de graus-dia. Os pulgões foram mantidos individualmente em gaiolas fixadas em folhas de couve, Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC, em laboratório, às temperaturas de 15, 20, 23, 25 e 30ºC. O limite térmico inferior de desenvolvimento (Tb) e a constante térmica (K) foram 2,2ºC e 165,6 graus-dia, respectivamente. O modelo de graus-dia previu a ocorrência de adultos de M. persicae para 0 a1 dia antes da data em que eles foram observados no campo. Os parâmetros das tabelas de vida estimados na escala de tempo em graus-dia evidenciaram que as temperaturas de 23°C e 25°C foram as que proporcionaram as melhores condições térmicas para o crescimento populacional de M. persicae. Nessas temperaturas observou-se o maior valor da capacidade inata de aumentar em número (r m = 0,012), o menor valor da duração média da geração (T = 303,8 graus-dia e 272 graus-dia, respectivamente) e o menor tempo necessário para a população duplicar em número de indivíduos (TD = 57,8 graus-dia).

Efeito de temperaturas de armazenamento e de genótipos de feijoeiro sobre a resistência a Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

Visando avaliar os efeitos de diferentes temperaturas de armazenamento e de genótipos de feijoeiro, Phaseolus vulgaris L., sobre a expressão da resistência ao caruncho, Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say), realizaram-se ensaios com os genótipos Arc.1S, Arc.1, Arc.2, Arc.4 e Carioca Pitoco. Os grãos de Arc.1S e Arc.2 expressaram resistência a A. obtectus nas temperaturas de 20ºC, 25ºC e 30°C; a resistência do genótipo Arc.1 diminuiu à medida que a temperatura de armazenamento foi elevada de 25ºC para 30ºC. A interação genótipos x temperaturas foi significativa, indicando que a elevação da temperatura afeta a expressão da resistência. A temperatura de 20ºC foi a mais adequada para discriminar os genótipos de feijoeiro, quanto a resistência.

Caracterização da transmissão do vírus do mosaico-das-nervuras do algodoeiro pelo pulgão Aphis gossyphii com relação à persistência e ao tempo necessário para inoculação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tempo de busca e de manuseio de larvas de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae) alimentadas com Uroleucon ambrosiae (Thomas, 1878) (Hemiptera, Aphididae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Exigências térmicas de Brevicoryne brassicae e previsão de picos populacionais

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as exigências térmicas do pulgão-da-couve, Brevicoryne brassicae L., Hemiptera: Aphididae, em condições de laboratório e campo, e prever a ocorrência de picos populacionais de adultos, por meio de um modelo de graus-dia. em laboratório, os experimentos foram conduzidos em câmaras climatizadas reguladas a 15, 20, 25, 27 e 30ºC, obtendo-se o limite térmico inferior de desenvolvimento (Tb = 4,5ºC) e a constante térmica (K = 176,1 graus-dia). Na determinação das exigências térmicas sob condições de campo, realizaram-se seis experimentos, a partir dos quais obteve-se o tempo médio de desenvolvimento de ninfas e a temperatura média ambiental. Os resultados estimados de Tb e K foram 3,5ºC e 180,0 graus-dia, respectivamente. Os resultados de Tb e K obtidos em laboratório possibilitam prever com maior precisão a ocorrência de adultos de B. brassicae do que os resultados de Tb e K determinados a partir de experimentos em campo.

Objetiva(ação) da medida e contagem do tempo em práticas socioculturais e educativas

This thesis describes and analyzes various processes established and practiced by both groups about the socio-cultural objective (action) the measurement and timing, mobilized some socio-historical practices as the use of the gnômon of the sundial and reading and interpretation of movements celestial constellations in cultural contexts such as indigenous communities and fishermen in the state of Pará, Brazil. The Purpose of the study was to describe and analyze the mobilization of such practices in the socio-historical development of matrices for teaching concepts and skills related to geometric angles, similar triangles, symmetry and proportionality in the training of mathematics teachers. The record of the entire history of investigation into the socio-historical practice, the formative action was based on epistemological assumptions of education ethnomathematics proposed by Vergani (2000, 2007) and Ubiratan D'Ambrosio (1986, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2004) and Alain Bishop conceptions about mathematics enculturation. At the end of the study I present my views on the practices of contributions called socio-cultural and historical for school mathematics, to give meaning to the concept formation and teaching of students, especially the implications of Education Ethnomatematics proposed by Vergani (2000) for training of future teachers of mathematics

Escafandristas do tempo: narrativas de vida e regeneração da memória em São Rafael-RN

In the late 1970s, the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte was the setting of Projeto Baixo-Açu whose highlight was the building of the dam Eng. Armando Ribeiro Gonçalves, designed to collect 2.4 billion cubic meters of water. Presumably, such an initiative would bring economic and social development for thousands of potiguares who suffered the hardships of drought. However, the dam would reach several cities in the region, reaching to cover one of them: São Rafael. As a result, the early years of the 1980s, nearby, a new town was built by DNOCS. This thesis aims to discuss how the population of São Rafael recalls this fact and reconstructs its history by speaking, writing and computing, after three decades. Based on the prospect moriniana method as a strategy, visits were made to the city of São Rafael and open interviews (individual and collective) with two groups of subjects: one composed of those who lived in their ancient homeland, and another, with young people who were born in the new city. Besides the reports of these subjects, they were observed the visual narratives presented by images, mostly photographic, available on a profile created for the city in the orkut social network. As sources for this study, they were also considered the dialogues between rafaelenses accessing the above profile. Having as a central observation by Edgar Morin about what does not regenerate, degenerates . This study is the central argument that the idea of orkut has performed, today, a dual and interdependent role: being a tool that promotes a collective intelligence through cooperation, exchange of ideas and reconstitution of visual and written narratives. Far from a frozen conception in a historical perspective, it has defended the thesis that orkut has regenerated, repaired, reproduced, restored, reorganized and renewed the memory and history of a city that has succumbed to the immensity of the waters of a dam for almost thirty years